ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК В ТЕХНИЧЕСКОМ УНИВЕРСИТЕТЕ (956018), страница 36

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encode, capacity, disintegrate, emission, widen, intensive, in­credible, defence, stranger, reality, strengthen, fulfilment, inde­structible, amplification, substance, entirely, vaporize.

Упражнение 14. Назовите производные от следующих слов, переведите.

limit, transmit, approximate, success, science, relate.

Упражнение 15. Найдите русскому слову соответствующее английское.

устанавливать — installment, installation, install; различие, разница — differ, difference, different; распадаться — disintegrator, disintegration, disintegrate; применимый — application, applicable, apply; укреплять — strong, strength, strengthen; эффективно — efficient, efficiency, efficiently; усилитель — amplification, amplifier, amplify.

Упражнение 16. Найдите:

а) синонимы

rapidly, sophisticated, to conduct, demand, almost, quickly, to carry out, approximately, opportunity, requirement, also, use, to fulfill, complex, as well, to realize, application, possibility;

б) антонимы

further, integrate, cooling, outside, powerless, uncontrolled, limited, disintegrate, nearer, capable, limitless, controlled, inca­pable, powerful, heating, inside.

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Упражнение 17. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на много­значность слов make и light.

What makes a soap bubble (мыльный пузырь) rise and fall. If a soap bubble does not break at once, it will begin to fall. Why? To explain this, we must remember a balloon which is filled with hot air. It rises for some time and then it falls again. A balloon rises be­cause the hot air inside it is lighter than the air round it, and as it is lighter, it must rise. When the air inside a balloon cools, the weight of the balloon itself makes it fall. A soap bubble is really a little bal­loon filled with hot air. This air is much lighter than the air outside. It can carry the weight of the water which makes the skin of the soap bubble. But this cannot last for a long time, because the skin of the soap bubble is very thin. The bubble becomes as cool as the air around it and it begins to fall. It is interesting to know that the early experiments with balloons were based on soap bubbles.

Упражнение 18. Переведите.

There is a large garage on Seventh Street that provides work for eleven men. There is one man who meets the customers. There are two other men who take care of batteries. There is another man who washes cars. There are three other men who sell gas and oil. There is another man who repairs timers. There are two men who work with engines and there is one man who sells tires. There is no better place for automobile service.

Упражнение 19. Заполните пропуски соответствующей формой глагола to be.

I ... now in the garage on Seventh Street. There ... three cars here. One ... a Ford. There ... a man in it. He ... buying a tire. One car ... a Buick. There ... five people in it. There ... a third саг. А man and his wife ... in it. Their battery ... dead. The two battery men ... looking at it. «I... sure you will have to rent a battery», one man says. «We ... a long way from home», the man in the car an­swers. «We .... not here often. We must buy a battery. There ... nothing else to do».

Упражнение 20. Дайте недостающие формы глаголов, запомните их.

chosen, fed, costing, put, overcome, coming, made.

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Упражнение 21. Прочитайте и переведите без словаря.

То understand why light from the laser is so concentrated, you must know that light travels in waves. Ordinary white light is made up of many wavelengths travelling in every direction. Laser light is essentially of one wavelength, with all the waves moving in one di­rection. Because the laser wavelengths intensify each other, they can remain in an unbelievably straight beam for a long distance. Al­most any substance can be forced to «lase» if you work hard enough with it. Gas lasers give off continuous beams of light. Tiny semi­conductor lasers may be especially useful in computers for trans­mitting signals to replace the use of cables. Many lasers can give off invisible radiation, either infrared or ultraviolet.

CONVERSATION Exercise 1. Answer the questions.

1. What is a laser? (a device producing an intensive beam of light) 2. What is its principle of operation? (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) 3. What light is produced by a la­ser? (light of pure single colour) 4. What can be done by means of a laser? (vaporizing the hardest materials) 5. What materials can be treated with a laser? (practically any material and any substance) 6. What is the most promising use of lasers? (the use in all kinds of communication) 7. What prevents putting into effect the projects to use lasers more widely in space? (great technological difficulties and great cost involved)

Exercise 2. Make a sentence out of the two parts.

1. A laser can find

2. It is very interesting to com­bine

3. There is an idea

4. In this case a laser beam

5. The light capacity in a laser in­stallation should be dozens of times greater

6. To develop such a laser system in practice

7. Scientists and engineers must work

1. must heat the fuel to the re­quired temperature very quickly.

2. very wide application.

3. hard to overcome numerous technological difficulties.

4. is not an easy task.

5. to use a laser for solving the problem of controlled thermonu­clear reaction.

6. laser and thermonuclear reac­tion to produce a limitless source of energy.

7. than the capacity of all the
world's power plants.

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Exercise 3. A. Read and learn.

I Want to Read Faster

Mary: I've read a detective story. It wasn't very good so I wasted (тратить, терять время) much time.

Jane: Oh, it takes me now not more than an hour to read a novel.

M.: Really?

J.: Two months ago it would have taken me about two days. It is a pity you didn't join me when I was taking speed-reading course.

M.: Two things hold me back. Doubts that any system could radi­cally and permanently increase my speed. And money for the courses.

J.: But I thought that if I could double my speed, the sum would­n't be so much.

M.: Sure, you are right. By the way, some authorities say it isn't reading. Though a lot of unread newspapers, books and maga­zines about the house might fall on me. My present work day reading is 200 words per minute, it is very slow. How are those speed reading courses?

J.: Great, today 50,000 students a year take these courses.

M.: How long does this course last?

J.: Eight weeks, a 2,5 hour session a week plus an hour a day drill.

M.: What is your speed now?

J.: The final test showed that my speed was 1520 w.p.m. The book was the same we have used for our entrance exam.

M.: But you can lose the technique.

J.: It is another question. The only wide survey (опрос) of ex-students — 1800 of them — showed that after a year one third of the people weren't using the method at all. Another third said they use it sometimes and that probably they have kept speed. But the rest of the students said they were reading faster than a year later.

B. Answer the following questions:

1. Are you a fast or a slow reader?

1. In what situations can fast reading be useful in your opinion?

2. Would you like to improve your reading speed? Why?

3. Can all books be read quickly? Why (not)?

Exercise 4. Comment on the following statement.

Every student ought to be able to read very fast.

One point of view: Reading requires thought; one needs time for thinking, reading ought to be a kind of dialogue with the author — this requires time; quality is more im­portant than quantity.

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A contrary point of view : Fast reading does not mean careless reading, nothing is left out, thinking can be very fast, fast reading is reading for meaning, it saves time (экономить) also for thinking, it is very important for a person to get a great deal of information in as little time as possible.

Exercise 5. Conduct a scientific meeting on: «Laser and its applications».

Use texts 10A, 10B, and IOC as a basis for the preparation of an oral talk (устное сообщение), short abstracts (краткие тезисы), summary (реферат) of the presenta­tion and for the discussion of the theme (тема).

Useful Words and Phrases of Scientific Communication at a scientific meeting, conference, round-table discussion, symposium, colloquium, seminar, session, con­gress, etc.

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Продолжение

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Окончание

Exercise 6. Read and smile.

Характеристики

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