Concepts with Symbian OS (779878), страница 66

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. . ;Symbian OS; Unix30-bit operating systems 159, 16262-bit machines 163abstraction principles 6–7, 10, 18, 22, 39,42–3, 53–4, 118–20, 130–2, 167,175–6, 198, 204–5, 210–11, 216,229–46, 249–62, 303Apple computers 19, 91, 188BESYS 8, 11–12, 17–18character issues 17–45, 47communication resources 18–19, 22,38–9, 43, 198–14, 216, 229–46,249–62computer-systems perspective 11–16,93–4concepts 1–16, 17–45, 61–2, 90–4, 110,159, 162, 219–2concurrently-shared resources 34–5, 42,69, 109–36DEC VMS 172definitions 2–7328INDEXoperating systems (continued )design issues 17–22, 47–53, 56–58device I/O 25–29, 38–9, 50–3, 64–5,84–6, 197–214dispatchers 91–4distributed systems 13–14, 219–2EPOC 10–11, 19, 42, 305evolution 17–19extensibility needs 6–7file types 169–70goals 1–7good systems 4, 6–7, 18, 28hardware 1–16, 17–45, 109–36historical background 7–16, 17–18, 19,33host operating systems 300–8IBM 8–9, 12, 13, 19, 36, 40–1, 182interrupts 22–29, 35–6, 43, 49, 52–6,72, 91–4, 104–6, 204kernel structures 20–2, 25, 47–59list 7messaging 263–84Microsoft Windows 1, 6, 9, 13–14, 15, 51mobile phones 2–4, 9–11, 15–16, 42–3,48–58, 93–4MS-DOS 8–9, 13, 19, 36, 169, 182–3,188–9multitasking operating systems 8, 25,37–38, 40–3, 50–1, 61–88networks 33–38, 215–28new operating systems 301–2open-file tables 179platforms 39–3portability needs 7pre-emptive/non-pre-emptive schedulingconcepts 90–106, 133–4privileged-mode operations 35–6, 42–3,48–9, 54, 55–6, 76–7processes 25protection issues 33–38, 40–1, 42–3,48–4, 76–7, 82, 153–4, 190–4,277–78, 285–97, 301–2qualities 6–7record-keeping needs 28recursive problems 301–2resource models 2–9, 33–38robustness needs 6–7‘rose-tinted glasses’ 1, 167scalability needs 6security issues 7, 33–38, 40–1, 42–3,48–4, 76–7, 82, 153–4, 190–4,277–78, 285–97Solaris 123–6, 143, 157structural issues 18–39, 47–59telephony 247–62threads 25, 48–9throughput needs 6–7varieties 1–2, 7–9, 13–16, 93–4virtual machines 299–8operation types, files 172–4, 178, 192–4ordered-delivery property, socket streams131OS/360, IBM 8, 12, 40–1outputsee also I/Oconcepts 3–7, 197–214overlays, concepts 144–5owners, files 170–1, 181, 190–4packets, communications 232–5, 260–2pagesdirectories 159–3faults 151, 154logical memory 146–54, 156, 159–1page replacements 151–4tables 147–54, 159–2paging, memory management 146–54, 156Palm handhelds 15, 156parent IDs, processes 64–5, 66–7, 74–5,81–3, 279partition-label control block (PLCB) 179partitions, disks 168–9, 179Pascal 120passalgorithms 290passive components, kernel 48, 49, 52–3passwords 288–6pathnames, files 171, 222–3INDEXpaths, directories 168–1PCBs (process control blocks), concepts64–7, 74, 76–84, 99–100, 104–5,145–7, 295PCMCIA 188–9PCP 40–1PCs see personal computersPDAs 154, 306PDDs (physical device drivers) 52–3,56–58, 210–11, 239–40PDF files 172peer-to-peer systems, concepts 14, 218–19,242, 248–9, 266–7Pentium 1perceptions 1performance considerations 29, 51–2, 53,68–9, 73–4, 92–3, 137–65, 205–8CPU 92–3, 137–38device I/O 29, 180–1, 205–7files 180–2, 206–8I/O handling 29, 180–1, 205–7kernel 51–2, 53, 205–8memory 51–2, 53, 137–65multithreading 51–2, 68–9, 79, 212networks 223–5passive kernel components 53real-time systems 102response times 51, 93–106turnaround times 92–103virtual machines 304–5waiting times 93–103personal computers (PCs)see also desktop systemshistorical background 8–9, 13–14,182–5personal information, security issues 290–1personality layers, concepts 56–7Phone abstraction, ETel 251, 254–5phone calls 15–16phone modelsee also remote procedure callsIPC 129–30photographs 15–16329physical device drivers (PDDs), concepts52–3, 56–58, 210–11, 239–40physical level, security issues 286–7, 290–1physical memorysee also memory .

. .concepts 141–3, 146–54physical/logical addressing, memorymanagement 141–3, 146–54, 156–59,177–78, 216pipes 82platforms, operating systems 39–3PLCB (partition-label control block) 179plug-and-play concepts 6, 42, 51, 227PNG files 168polling 203–4POP (Post Office Protocol) 268, 275–6, 280portability needs, operating systems 7ports 202POSIX standards, Unix 76, 84Post Office Protocol (POP) 268, 275–6, 280power management 10, 15, 16pre-emptive/non-pre-emptive concepts,process scheduling 90–106, 133–4predictions, execution times 105–6printers 198, 206–7see also I/Opriorities, interrupts 55–6, 98, 104–6priority inheritance 128priority inversion concepts 104priority queues, process scheduling 101,104–6, 127–28priority strategy, process scheduling 98–1,103, 105–6, 128privileged-mode operations, operating systems35–6, 42–3, 48–9, 54, 55–6, 76–7process control blocks (PCBs), concepts64–7, 74, 76–84, 99–100, 104–5,145–7, 295process schedulingaging concepts 100–1basics 25, 49, 64–6, 76–7, 90–4concepts 25, 49, 64–6, 76–7, 89–108,216CPU 89–108330INDEXprocess scheduling (continued )criteria 92–4deadlines 102, 105–6dispatchers 91–4first-come-first-served strategy (FCFS)94–6, 98, 116microkernels 93–4, 104–6multiple-queuing strategy 101, 106pre-emptive/non-pre-emptive concepts90–106, 133–4predicted execution-times 105–6priority strategy 98–1, 103, 105–6, 128real-time strategy 101–6response times 93–106round-robin strategy 97–98shortest-job-first strategy (SJF) 96–98starvation issues 100–1, 113–16, 122,134static monotonic scheduling 102, 105–6strategies 93–103Symbian OS 105–6system types 93–4turnaround times 92–103waiting times 93–103, 113processessee also threadsaccess permissions 32, 33–38, 192clones 72, 79–4, 124–6concepts 13–16, 25, 32, 37–38, 48–9,55–6, 61–88, 89–108, 138–1, 219–2concurrently-shared resources 34–5, 42,69, 109–36, 236–7context-switches 25, 37–38, 40–1,49–50, 55, 74, 76, 82, 91–102, 138,145–6, 156, 160–1conventional programming model 79–2deadlocks 120–3, 133–4definition 25, 61–2distributed systems 13–14, 219–2file structures 171–2forking issues 72, 79–2, 124–6identification 32, 64, 66–7, 74, 113–16,287–88implementation concepts 66–7interleaving processes 111–12, 207IPC 128–2life cycle 138–1Linux 74–6, 79–1, 84, 91, 103–4multitasking 25, 37–38, 40–3, 50–1,61–88overview 62–79parent–child relationships 64–5, 66–7,74–5, 81–3, 279programming 79–7programs 62–3queues 66, 75–6, 79–2, 90–106, 127–28rollback approaches 134shared data 82, 91–4, 109–36signals 72, 117–18source code 138–1states 63–7, 72, 74–5, 90–4, 133–4,145, 236–7Symbian OS 73–4, 76–79, 83–7, 105–6types 32, 62zombie processes 67, 74–5producer–consumer problem,concurrently-shared resources 122–3program counter 62–4, 67, 74program stack 62–3, 68–9, 76–7, 156, 306programmingconcurrent processes 120conventional model 79–2historical background 8–11MTM 276–7processes 79–7Symbian OS 83–7, 276–7threads 82–7programs, processes 62–3protection issuessee also security .

. .definition 285file systems 189–4hardware 33–38, 48–9, 189–4memory 36–38, 40–1, 153–4, 162–3,216messaging 277–78modes 35–6, 48–9, 54, 76–7INDEXoperating systems 33–38, 40–1, 42–3,48–4, 76–7, 82, 153–4, 190–4,277–78, 285–97, 301–2software 34–38, 40–1, 48–9, 285–97virtual machines 301–2protocols 39, 42, 57, 105, 218–19, 226,227, 232–5, 238–4, 282concepts 39, 200, 218–19, 227, 240–2encapsulation concepts 218–19PRT modules 239, 241–2Psion Computerssee also Symbian OShistorical background 9–10, 247PSTN (public-switched-telephone network)248, 260–1Pthreads standard 76public-switched-telephone network (PSTN)248, 260–1pull model, messaging 267punched cards 12push model, messaging 267, 269, 272PVM 220queuesdevices 66FIFO queues 90process scheduling 66, 75–6, 79–2,90–106, 127–28radio connectivity 3–5, 9, 217RAID 185–6RAM 137–65, 221–2, 231see also memoryrandom (direct) access, files 174–5, 205RBusLogicalChannel 240RCall 253–4, 257–60read 244read locks 118–20read operations, files 173, 178, 192, 205,209read-only memory (ROM) 25, 223, 305reader–writer problem, concurrently-sharedresources 122331ready queues, process scheduling 66, 75–6,79–2, 90–106ready state, processes 63–4, 66, 79–2,90–106real-time OS (RTOS), concepts 56–7real-time systemsconcepts 16, 27, 56–7, 93–4, 101–6deadlines 102, 105–6performance considerations 102process scheduling 101–6Symbian OS 16, 56, 105–6types 16, 101–2record-keeping needs, operating systems 28recursive problems, new operating systems301–2registersconcepts 29–2, 37, 62–4, 68–9, 74, 91,137, 159–60, 202–4definition 30I/O 202–4polling 203–4relocation registers 142–3relay servers, messaging 266–69reliability property, socket streams 131relocatable binding 140–1relocation registers, MMUs 142–3remote file systems 187–88remote procedure calls (RPCs)see also phone modelIPC 130, 132removable storage media 212–13replication benefits, files 224reposition operations, files 173reserved-page frames 162–3resource modelsconcepts 2, 4–9, 33–38operating systems 2–9, 33–38response times, concepts 51, 93–106RFCOMM 234RFile 42see also file serversrich text data 278–9ring networks 218–19ringtones 271332INDEXRitchie, Dennis 8RLine 253–60RMessage2 132robustness needs, operating systems 6–7rollback approaches, deadlocked processes134ROM (read-only memory) 25, 223, 305roots, files 171, 180, 190, 279‘rose-tinted glasses’ 1, 167round-robin strategy, process scheduling97–98routers, networks 218–19RPCs (remote procedure calls), IPC 130, 132RPhone 253–59RS230 port 240RSemaphore 127RTelServer 251–4RTOS (real-time OS), concepts 56–7RunL 84–6, 259running state, processes 63–4, 66, 90–103,105–6, 145scalability needs, operating systems 6scheduling 25, 49, 64–6, 76–7, 89–108,216see also process schedulingjobs 12, 40–1nanokernel 49threads 71–2screenssee also displaysLCD management 210–11SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface) bus200–1SDs (secure-digital cards) 31, 154, 212–13secondary storagesee also disk .

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