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Complete these sentences with words from 12 A.(1)________________________ refers to the transmission of signals over a distance for thepurpose of communication. Information is (2)_______________ed by devices such as the(3)______________, radio,(4)__________, satellite, or computer networks. Examples could betwo people speaking on their mobile phone, a sales department sending a fax to a client, or evensomeone reading the (5)______________pages on TV.
But in the modern world,telecommunications mainly means transferring information across the (6)_______________, viamodem, phone lines or wireless networks.Because of telecommunications, people can now work at home and communicate with theiroffice by computer and telephone. This is called (7)__________________.wIt has been predicted that about one third of all work could eventually be performed outside theworkplace.
In call centres, assistance or support is given to customers using the telephone, emailor online chats. They are also used for (8) __________________, the process of selling goods andservices over the phone.14. Find the spellings for these words.1. |ˈmiːdɪə| - ________________2. |tranzˈmɪʃ(ə)n| - ___________________3. |tɛkˈnɒlədʒi| - ___________________4. |ˈvɪʒ(j)ʊəl| - ___________________5. |ˈɔːdɪəʊ| - _________________6.
|ˈtʃæn(ə)l| - _________________7. |ˈsætəlʌɪt| - __________________15. Read and learn pronunciation of the words from the text “Technology andCommunication”.allow [ə'lau], saturate |ˈsætʃəreɪt|, rely |rɪˈlʌɪ|, variety |vəˈrʌɪəti|, entertainment |ɛntəˈteɪnm(ə)nt|,occur |əˈkəː|, origin |ˈɒrɪdʒɪn|, transmit |tranzˈmɪt| , through |θruː|, evolve |ɪˈvɒlv|, digitized |ˈdɪdʒəˌtaɪzd|, particular |pəˈtɪkjʊlə|, either |ˈʌɪðə|, precursor |prɪˈkəːsə|, though |ðəʊ|, cruiser|ˈkruːzə|notify |ˈnəʊtɪfʌɪ|, relatively |ˈrɛlətɪvli|, simultaneously |ˌsɪmlˈteɪnɪəsli|, capable ['keipabl],mountainous |ˈmaʊntɪnəs|, readjustment |ˌriːəˈdʒʌstmənt|, require |rɪˈkwʌɪə|.16. Read the text and match the headings (1-6) with the gaps (a-f).1. Wireless2.Technology 3. Sound4.
TheSoundLeading tocommunications InternetTransmission Visual MassandMediaDigitalMedia5. CableandSatelliteTelevision6. The realinventorTechnology and CommunicationWe live in a media-saturated world and rely on a variety of old and new media for information,entertainment, and connection. The beginnings of mass media and mass communication go back560 years to the “print revolution” that occurred in Europe in the fifteenth century.
As weprogressed through the centuries, mass communication evolved from a mechanical process toelectronic transmission, which paved the way for the digitized world of today.(a)_____________________________8The origins of sound-based communication, radio in particular, can be traced to the inventionof the telegraph. The telegraph was invented in the 1840s and was made practical by SamuelMorse, who invented a system of dots and dashes that could be transmitted across the telegraphcable using electric pulses, making it the first one-to-one communication technology. Messageswere encoded to and decoded from dots and dashes on either end of the cable.
This first cablecould only transmit about six words per minute, but it was the precursor to the globalcommunications network that we now rely on every day. Something else was needed, though, tosolve some ongoing communication problems.
During this time, war ships couldn’t be notifiedwhen wars ended and they sometimes went on fighting for months before they could be locatedand informed.(b)________________________________In May 1895, the Russian physicist, Alexander Popov, reported sending and receiving a wirelesssignal across a 600 yards distance. In March 1897, Prof. Popov equipped a land station atKronstadt and the Russian navy cruiser “Africa” with his wireless communications apparatus forship-to-shore communications.In about 1900, Popov's wireless apparatus was used in what may have been the first ever use ofradio communications to help a vessel in distress.
The battleship General Admiral Apraksin wasgoing down amidst the ice floes of the Gulf of Finland with hundreds of sailors and officersaboard, but Popov's radio system enabled them to contact islands 45 kilometers away.After Popov, the road to radio broadcast was relatively short, as others quickly expanded on hiswork. Numerous experiments and public demonstrations of radio technology—some moresuccessful than others—were taking place around the same time in the late 1800s and early1900s.(c)___________________________________________And do you know who invented the telephone? The real inventor was Antonio Meucci, a poorItalian American.
He shared a workshop with Alexander Graham Bell, and made a “talkingtelegraph” for his wife who was ill in bed, so that she could call him when she wanted something.But Meucci never took his idea to the US Patent Office, because he was too poor to pay 250$ thathe needed.(d)_________________________________________As was the case with radio and telephone, several people were simultaneously working toexpand the technology that would soon be known as television. In 1884, Paul Nipkow invented a9mechanical television-like device that could project a visual image. It took a while for this crudeversion of a television to be turned into a more functional electronic version.
In 1923, VladimirZworykin improved on this technology, followed closely by John Baird and Philo Farnsworth.Collectively, these men are responsible for the invention of television, which was the first massmedium capable of instantly and wirelessly transmitting audio and visual signals.(e)__________________________________________________Network and broadcast television was forever changed by the growth of cable and satellitetechnology.
Cable was especially attractive to people who lived in mountainous, hilly, or ruralareas that had difficulty receiving the broadcast channels’ signals. Many people were also happyto give up ugly rooftop antennae that required readjustment for each channel change.(f)_________________________________________________The “Internet and digital media age” began in 1990 and continues today. Tim Berners-Lee is theman who made the Internet functional for the masses. In 1989, Berners-Lee created newcomputer-programming codes that fixed some problems that were limiting the growth of theInternet as a mass medium. Berners-Lee also invented the first browser, which allowed people tosearch out information and navigate the growing number of interconnections among computers.Berners-Lee named his new network the “World Wide Web.”Notes to the text:ship-to-shore communications – связь между кораблем и берегомto help a vessel in distress – помочь судну, терпящему бедствиеamidst the ice floes – среди обломков льда17.
Based on the information from the text and your own knowledge decide what thesestatements are about.1. It paved the way for radio and television broadcasts.2. Advances in signal transmission and reception as well as vacuum tube technology made themmore reliable and compact.3. The two types of television began to compete with broadcast television, as they provided accessto more channels.4. The development of digital code, microprocessors, and fiber-optic cables were keytechnological advances that made it and digital communication possible.10t5. It copied many of radio’s ideas and soon displaced the radio as the centerpiece forentertainment in people’s homes.6. It took advantage of new technologies to become portable and follow people out of their house.18. Scan the text for the following reference words and phrases and then say what they referto.this first cable (para 2)this technology (para 4)this time (para 2)these men (para 4)some more successful than others (para 3)the man (para 6)this crude version (para 4)19.
Work in pairs. Use the words from Essential Vocabulary and from the Text in thecorrect form to complete the gaps.attractivetake placerequiresolveallowthoughsimultaneouslyresponsiblein particularnotify1. The digital technology s___________ the old problems of noise in signal transmission.2.
Where did the survey t______ p_________?3. T__________ first developed for military purposes, radar can be used in modern cars.4. One laser beam could carry all the radio, TV and telephone messages s______________.5. Cable was especially a_________________ to people who lived in mountainous, hilly, or ruralareas.6. Digital TV provides a better quality of picture and sound and a______________ broadcastersto deliver more channels.7. The equipment r_________________ further improvement.8. These men are r______________________ for the invention of television, which was the firstmass medium capable of instantly and wirelessly transmitting audio and visual signals.9. He was n____________________ that he did not get the job.10.
This doesn't improve the speed of transport vehicles in general and that of an automobilei____p_________________.20. Why are these numbers and dates mentioned in the text? Look back and check, ifnecessary.1. 5602. 18403. 1895114. 455. 18846. 19237. 19898. 99021. Summarize the technological advances of the print, audiovisual, Internet and digitaltechnologies using communication Timeline (8-10 sentences).GRAMMARReported questions-In questions, ask and want to know are common reporting verbs.In yes/no questions the verb is joined to the reported words with if or whether.e.g.
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