Nash - Scientific Computing with PCs (523165), страница 65
Текст из файла (страница 65)
Dobb’s JournalPC (personal computer)communications options1.4configuration options1.4configurations of interest1.4definitionPreface, 1.1graphical output1.4historical1.4lifetime1.1peripherals1.4printer options1.4pdate.pas time & date program5.3PDEs3.3Peer pressure1.1Performance ratios18.5Peripheral devices4.4, 9.7Personal choice20.6Personal computer, see PCPersonal satisfaction20.6PFORT verifier6.2Photographs2.7Physical connectors4.1Physical environment for PCs11.2Physical environment, computer11.1Physical security5.4Physical separation of backup copies5.4Plotter, pen-type4.4Point cloud rotation or spinning19.7Pointers12.3Pointing device2.7, 4.4Polak-Ribière Conjugate Gradient method (CG)19.2Polynomial, roots or zeros13.1, 14.2Positive definite matrix3.3Positivity, of results13.1PostScript (Adobe)2.6, 2.7Power bar11.5Power considerations11.5Power function9.8Practicalities in use of PCs3.5Practice of computation1.1Pre-processing of data (for graphs)19.7Precision of calculations3.3Precision of functions3.3Precision problems4.1Present value14.1Presentation graphics19.3Principal components12.2Print to file2.6Printer buffer3.1Printerdaisy-wheel4.4dot-matrix4.4ink jet4.4laser4.4Printing graphs19.7Problem assumptions17.2Problem documentation12.4Problem features, unusual13.1Problem formulation12.1, 13.0data fitting15.2hiring problem17.2Problem formulation, (continued)importance13.1IRR14.2spacecraft trajectories16.2Problem notation17.2Problem size12.2, 19.2Problem solving12.0INDEXProblem solving environmentProblem Statement,data fittinghiring problemIRRspacecraft trajectoriesProblem typeProblem, mathematicalProblem, real-worldProblem, representationProblem, sizeProblems, data storageProblems, diskProblems, input/outputProblems, memoryProblems, restructuring of programsProcedures manualProcessor, comparisonsProcessor, architectureProcessor, effect on execution timeProduction runsProfile of a programProgram analysisProgram builderProgram catalogsProgram developmentProgram directoriesProgram editorsProgram efficiencyProgram execution timeProgram flowProgram improvementProgram interruptionProgram language differencesProgram language substitutionProgram launchingProgram modificationsProgram modularityProgram monitoringProgram organizationProgram performanceProgram profileProgram resourcesProgram sizeProgram storage requirementsProgram structureProgram testingProgram timingProgram variable namesProgram verificationProgram, formattingProgram, restructuringProgrammer practicesProgrammingProgramming aidsProgramming effectivelyProgramming environmentsProgramming errorsProgramming languageProgramming language translatorsProgramming modularityProgramming structureProgramming styleProgramming style, effect on programperformanceProgramming toolsProgramming tricks - avoidPrograms,19716.415.117.114.116.13.2, 12.213.213.213.27.07.19.79.77.17.45.718.17.118.712.88.18.115.410.52.910.510.118.019.29.212.910.618.18.26.512.96.48.118.118.08.15.018.3, 18.418.06.4, 7.39.0, 18.118.06.218.19.37.46.62.9, 12.36.04.76.1, 10.15.76.1, 12.34.26.46.46.018.16.112.3data fitting15.4hiring problem17.4IRR problem14.4spacecraft trajectories16.4Proof of correctness9.3Proof-reading12.3Proportionally-spaced fonts2.6Pseudo-random number, see Random numberPseudocode6.3, 12.4Public-domain software4.2Purposeof bookPrefaceof study of performance ofminimization methods19.1of study of theCholesky decomposition18.1QBASIC interpreter (Microsoft)2.9QR decomposition3.3, 12.2Quadratic Programming (QP)3.3Quadrature3.3, 13.6Quantitative methods1.3Quattro (Borland)19.3, 19.4Radio frequency radiation11.6RAM (Random Access Memory), see MemoryRAM disk (pseudo-disk, virtual disk)4.1, 5.6, 7.1, 8.1, 8.4, 9.1, 11.8used in timing programs18.3Random number generation3.3, 17.3Random variate transformation17.3Raster display4.4Raster graphic devices2.7Ratio-to-best graph19.6Readable files5.1REAL numbers3.0Real-time communications2.2Real-time programs8.0Recurrence relations8.1Redirection of command output5.3Redirection, of input/output9.6Relative measurements19.3Relative measures19.6Relative odds17.2Removable storage media5.7Reorganization of calculations7.2Repair programs10.6Report writers2.8Reprogramming7.5Research administration2.1Research grants2.10Research planning2.10Reset, system9.7Residuals13.6, 15.2Resilience to disk problems9.7Resilience to I/O failure9.7Resources, mouse4.2Resources, network adapter4.2Resources, printer4.2Resources, scanner4.2Resources, video adapter4.2Restructuring of programs7.4Result (of computations)13.1Results, verification13.6Reuse of data structures7.2Risk/benefit analysis, for file backup5.4Robust estimation15.2Robustness, of program to input errors9.5Robustness, to bad data12.5ROM (read-only-memory)4.1198Copyright © 1984, 1994 J C & M M NashSCIENTIFIC COMPUTING WITH PCsNash Information Services Inc., 1975 Bel Air Drive, Ottawa, ON K2C 0X1 CanadaRoot-finding3.3,Roots of equationsRoots, of quadratic equationRoots, polynomialRotating coordinate systemRunge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) methodScaling, logarithmicScaling, ODE solutionScannerScatterplots, see XY plotsScientific computation, aspectsScientific methodScientific text processingScreen blankerScreen captureScreen editorScreen saver, see screen blankerScript ( stored instructions)2.9, 6.1, 9.6,for editingtestSearch, for methodsSecuritySeek timeSelection boxes, program controlSelf-extracting archivesService contractsServicing and spare partsSharp PC 1211 (historical)Simplicity, of problem statementSimulation3.2, 13.6, 17.0,Single statement executionSingular value decompositionSingularity, in ODE solutionSize difficultiesSmallness, tests ofSnoopGuard security deviceSocial sciencesSoftwareconfigurationdevelopment environmentfilesfor use with numeric co-processorsinstallationsourcesupgradeSolutioninadmissiblemethodsSolutions,data fittingequationshiring problemIRR problemspacecraft trajectoriesSolver softwareSorting of datafor graphsSource codelengthSources of softwareSpare partsSparse matrixSpecial charactersin file namesSpecial functionsSpecial hardwarefor speed-up14.1, 14.33.29.114.216.23.3, 16.319.516.54.41.01.32.54.1, 18.319.710.112.5, 12.82.412.713.32.28.49.55.511.711.71.113.117.1, 17.39.23.3, 12.216.54.11, 7.09.84.1, 5.71.34.24.54.85.28.34.513.54.513.213.115.53.217.514.516.515.410.719.412.318.413.511.73.310.1, 12.55.13.3, 9.88.38.2Copy for:Dr.
Dobb’s JournalSpinRiteSpreadsheet softwarefor graph preparationIRR functionNPV functionSTACKERStandard solution methodsStar plotsStart-from-file facilityStart-up timeStataStatic electricityStatistical functionsStatistical packagesStem-and-Leaf diagramStep-and-descriptionSteps in solutionStepwise regressionStiff equationsStochastic trialStopwatchStorage mediaStrategyuse of PCsStress inducing factorsString size limitationsStructure and modularityStructure, of programsSub-programsdata flowstructureto replace in-line codeSub-testsSubdirectoryarchivingSubroutine call timingsSubroutine librarySubstitution, of program codeSummationSUN computersSupercomputerSupport filesSurge protectionSymbol display, for program monitoringSymbolic computingSystem filest-distributionTabular dataTactics, use of PCsTag and go controlTapeTape backupTape cartridgesTape labelTape, 0.5 inchTarget machineTechnical papersTerminate-&-stay-resident (TSR) programsTermination, of iterative algorithmsTestdatascriptscompletecomplete programscontrol path checkdata entryextreme input8.4, 10.6, 11.72.4, 2.6, 15.419.614.414.45.517.119.77.68.419.411.13.315.419.312.412.012.23.317.28.611.44.620.011.69.86.46.46.5, 12.76.512.67.49.45.1, 5.35.58.16.1, 15.4, 16.48.23.31.12.15.211.58.13.45.23.32.420.010.24.1, 11.44.44.45.34.412.32.54.19.89.5, 12.712.712.712.79.512.59.5INDEXfullincorrect inputlanguage translatorsnormal inputof solutionsprogramsspecial functionssubsubprogramto generate error messagesuser memory sizeTEX (Knuth)Text editorText form,for dataoutputtransmissionText spacingText wrappingThemes of bookchoosing toolslearning and finding softwarewhat to attemptThree-dimensional plot, see 3D plotTidinessTime differences, Choleskydecomposition variantsTime of day clockTime sensitive copyTime steps, in ODE solutionTime-shared programsTime/accuracy trade-offTime/date stampTimer "tick"TIMER, Pascal programTimingissuesprogramstoolstools, program executionclock tickdifficulty of suppressingco-processorsToeplitz matrixTokenized program codeToolkits, for packages (e.g., MATLAB)Tools and methodsdebugginglistingprogrammingTraceof executionof program flowprogramTrade-off, time/accuracyTrainingTrajectory, spacecraftTransformation of dataTransmission linksTransmission protocolsTrial, stochasticTrigonometric functionsTrue BASICTruncated Newton method (TN)TSR programsTurbo C++Turbo Pascal1999.5, 9.69.59.89.513.69.09.89.412.69.57.12.5, 2.610.110.32.62.22.52.6PrefacePrefacePreface19.711.118.58.610.216.518.38.1, 8.59.18.68.68.618.38.08.68.618.518.73.38.2, 10.115.420.39.29.36.18.19.39.1, 9.28.1, 8.52.216.0, 16.23.22.22.217.23.3, 9.82.919.24.12.92.9Types of filesUAE (Unrecoverable Application Error)Unauthorized accessUndefined value checkingUndelete, fileUniform pseudo-random numbersUninterruptable power supplyUnits of measurementUnits, real-worldUNIXUsage mapUser interrupts, suppression ofUsing a standard approachUsing known techniques onunknown problemsUsing output wiselyUtility programsUtility softwareUUencoding (Unix-to-Unix)VandalismVariabilityVariable, columnVariables, controlVariables, programVector arithmetic processorsVector storage of matricesVector-graphic displayVentilationVerifying resultsVersion controlVG (VolksGrapher)VGA screenVideo displayViewer, for filesViruses (computer)Visual appearance (of graphs)Volume labelWatcom FORTRANWeighted least squaresWide Area Network (WAN)Wildcard, for file specificationWindows (Microsoft)Windows NT (Microsoft)Winners and losers, comparison methodWiring, standardsWord processorsWord sizeWordPerfect (see also WP5.1)WorkstationsWorm (computer)WP5.1 (WordPerfect 5.1)Wrap, textWrite-protectionWritten communicationsWYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get)XY plotsZero divideZeros, polynomialZilog Z80 processor5.29.72.29.28.4, 10.617.311.513.1, 16.216.61.1, 2.97.39.713.313.79.14.2, 10.03.1, 4.2, 10.02.25.719.315.29.16.28.37.72.7, 4.411.113.65.4, 5.619.42.53.1, 4.410.32.219.35.32.915.22.210.21.1, 2.7, 2.91.119.611.510.14.12.54.12.22.5, 2.62.65.4, 11.32.22.519.39.314.24..1.
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