(2015) Коллоквиум 2 (1157972), страница 9
Текст из файла (страница 9)
There are many different types and varieties of American radio and television: commercial, non-commercial, individual, etc. There is also a great variety among television stations. The majority of commercial television stations buy most of their programming, roughly 70 %, from the three commercial networks: ABC (American Broadcasting Company), CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System), and NBC (National Broadcasting Company).
Is there any national press in the USA?
It is often said that there is no “national press” in the United States as there is in Great Britain. In one sense this is true. Most daily newspapers are distributed locally or regionally. There have been attempts to publish truly national newspapers, e.g. The USA Today. But it still has only a circulation of 1.2 million, which is not enough in a country where state, city, and local news and political developments most deeply affect readers and are therefore especially interesting to them.
What groups are American higher institutions divided into?
In the USA there is no clear definition of the term "institution of higher education". The institutions, which provide higher education, do not constitute any coordinate system and are not controlled by any centralized national authority In principle, any educational institution offering further training after leaving high school, the so-called "post-secondary educational institution” may be referred to as Higher Educational Institution. The only criterion to determine the nature of any U.S. institution may be a qualitative level of it.
Junior Colleges
Colleges of Liberal Arts
Specialized Institutions
A University
(+ Private universities? )
What are different student groups in the USA?
(не уверена, что я правильно поняла, о чем спрашивается)
Students are classified as freshmen, sophomores, juniors and seniors. A freshmen is a first year student, a sophomore, a second year student, a junior, a third year student, and a senior, a fourth year student.
Tell about the American scientists you know.
John Forbes Nash, Jr. (born June 13, 1928) is an American mathematician whose works in game theory are used in market economics, computing, evolutionary biology, artificial intelligence, accounting, politics and military theory. He awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences.
Norbert Wiener (November 26, 1894 – March 18, 1964) was an American mathematician and philosopher. He was Professor of Mathematics at MIT. Wiener is considered the originator of cybernetics, a formalization of the notion of feedback, with implications for engineering, systems control, computer science, biology, neuroscience, philosophy, and the organization of society.
Alan Curtis Kay (born May 17, 1940) is an American computer scientist. He is best known for his pioneering work on object-oriented programming and windowing graphical user interface design
Tell about your favorite American writer.
Henry Charles Bukowski (born Heinrich Karl Bukowski; August 16, 1920 – March 9, 1994) was a German-born American poet, novelist, and short story writer.
His writing was influenced by the social, cultural, and economic ambience of his home city of Los Angeles.[4] His work addresses the ordinary lives of poor Americans, the act of writing, alcohol, relationships with women, and the drudgery of work. Bukowski wrote thousands of poems, hundreds of short stories and six novels, eventually publishing over sixty books. The FBI kept a file on him as a result of his column, Notes of a Dirty Old Man, in the LA underground newspaper Open City.[5][6]
In 1986 Time called Bukowski a "laureate of American lowlife".[7] Regarding Bukowski's enduring popular appeal, Adam Kirsch of The New Yorker wrote, "the secret of Bukowski's appeal. . . [is that] he combines the confessional poet's promise of intimacy with the larger-than-life aplomb of a pulp-fiction hero."[8]
What is American character in comparison with the British one?
One of the most important features of the American character is emphasis on individual personality rather than collective identity or responsibility. Another distinctive American characteristic is pragmatism. This means that emphasis on achievement and success is understood first of all as material prosperity. Americans are fond of common sense; they are not particularly interested in theory, abstract reasoning, or philosophy. Generally speaking, Americans are open and friendly people. The public behavior of Americans is less reserved than that of English, e.g. It is normal for Americans to speak loudly, joke and laugh in public. Americans tend to be informal and unceremonious in both their public or private lives, although they are not absolutely uniform in their outward behavior. Like the British, Americans have love for the intricate practical joke, the pun, and the understated quip (clever remark).
Give examples of American pop culture?
For example, Michael Jackson and Elvis Presley are outstanding representatives of American pop culture.
Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actor. Called the King of Pop, his contributions to music and dance made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.
Elvis Aaron Presley(January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as "the King of Rock and Roll", or simply, "the King".
Do you know the history of American cinema industry?
Originally American cinema was born in the East, when in 1903 a cameraman Edwin S. Porter turned out a short film. The first “Patent Cinema Company” was formed in 1908 in Chicago. Soon the number of film companies, producers, actors, technical staff grew up there and the first film studio was founded in 1911 in Hollywood. By the middle of the 20s Hollywood had modern financial and technical basis of film production and the professional stuff.
The first “talking” movies appeared in the 30s.
The years before the Second World War and after it became “the golden age” of Hollywood. During that period 7500 full-length films were shot there.
At our time gradually Hollywood transformed beyond recognition. Generations have grown up watching American films. A lot of copies are made for VCR and sold all over the world. Film companiesw spent hundreds million dollars on the film production and almost the same money on their advertisements. The films by famous directors and producers Steven Spielberg, Kevin Kostner, Quentin Tarantino, Paul Verkhoven, Lucas receive the most attention. The most highly paid actors Sylvestor Stallone, Jack Nicolson, Demy Moor, Julia Roberts, Sharon Stone and others receive a lot of prestigious prizes and awards at the leading international film festivals.
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