The Linguistic Culture-9-10 (Political Parties and Elections_ Media_ Soap Operas)(Education and Science in the USA) (1157947), страница 8

Просмтор этого файла доступен только зарегистрированным пользователям. Но у нас супер быстрая регистрация: достаточно только электронной почты!

Текст из файла (страница 8)

to be a great success similar heritage

backgrounds entirely to cling

Melting pot or salad Bowl?

In 1908 Israel Zangwill wrote a play, The Melting Pot. The hero, a refugee from persecution in Czarist Russia, escapes to the United States. In the final scene he speaks with----- about the mixture of people in his new homeland: “America is God’s Crucible, the great Melting Pot where all the races of Europe are melting and reforming! Here you stand in your fifty groups with your fifty languages and histories, and your fifty blood hatreds and rivalries, but you won’t be like that for long… German and Frenchman, Irishman and Englishman, Jews and Russians- into the Crucible with you all! God is making the American…. He will be the---- of all races, the coming superman.”

Zangwill`s play ----. This was perhaps because many in the audiences who came to see it found its message reassuring. At a time when poor and uneducated immigrants from Europe were ----------into the United States in millions, it was comforting for Americans to be told that their country could turn the newcomers into Americans like themselves.

In fact this never really happened, at least not completely. The United States turned out to be more ---- than a melting pot. Groups from ---- national and ethic backgrounds often stayed together, keeping alive their old ---- and many of their old customs. They lived in “Chinatowns” or “Little Italy’s”, areas populated almost ---- by Americans of similar ethic origins. Such districts can still be found in many large American cities. Americans from different immigrant----do mix together in time. It has been estimated, for example, that for about 80 percent of the great-grand children of early-twentieth-century immigrates marry outside their own ethnic groups. Yet such third - generation Americans often----with pride of their ethnic ----. So do many Americans whose immigrant origins are even further in the past.

2. Fill in the gaps with nouns derived from the following verbs:

to entertain to relate to invade to acquaint to perfect

to refer to marry to vary to produce to succeed

to depart to die to edit to add

In the history of America, no subject has been more popular than the Civil War. Whether in novels, television shows, or movies, some of the most beloved and durable works of popular culture have used the war as appoint of----. But no work about the Civil War has attained the place by Gone with the Wind. It first won praise as a novel by Margaret Mitchell. Born in Atlanta, Georgia, Mitchell grew up among----who had first-hand memories of the war that burned their city to the ground. After a brief, disastrous ----, she began supporting herself by writing for an Atlanta newspaper.

Ailing from a ---- of ills that plagued her until her---- in 1950, Mitchell retired from journalism in the mid-1920s and began writing her novel. She refused repeated requests to show her manuscript to a curious----when he visited Atlanta on a scouting trip in 1935.But when a---- expressed surprise that Mitchell was capable of writing fiction, she angrily presented it to the agent as he was about to leave the city. He read the novel on the train, and knowing he had discovered the classic, he offered Mitchell a book contract. Published in June 1936, Gone with the Wind became an instant publishing phenomenon. It sold 50,000 copies in one day, a million within six months, and an average of 3700 copies a day for the rest of the year. In 1937 the novel won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. By 1997 it has sold approximately 30 million copies, periodically returning to the best-seller list.

Even before the book was released there was a feverish fight for the movie rights. David O. Selznick, a Hollywood mogul who had recently created his own studio, paid Mitchell $ 50,000, an astonishing amount for that time. But despite Selznick wishes, Mitchell refused to write a script or to have anything at all to do with the film ----.

Making of the film version, which took more than three years, was an epic in itself. Technical difficulties abounded, and editing of enormous amounts of film footage slowed the process. Shooting began before the script was even complete. Gone with the Wind premiered in Atlanta on December 15, 1939. The film became an even bigger---- than the book and won nine Oscars, including Best Picture. By the 1970s an estimated 90 percent of the American public had seen the film in a theatre or on television.

In 1985 Turner purchased MGM/UA Entertainment Company, which was the ---- of the Metro-Gold-Win-Mayer (MGM) and United Artists (UA) film studio. Within months Turner sold most of the company, but he retained MGM`s massive library of films, which included such classics as Gone With The Wind and The Wizard Of Oz.

3. Translate from Russian into English

Русские американцы. Без России не было бы телевизоров и

вертолетов. На всем протяжении американской истории, причем в ее

самые ответственные моменты, русские всегда были готовы прийти и

помочь. Первый «русский американец», друг президента Мэдисона Федор

Каржавин (1745-1812) внес свою лепту в борьбу за независимость. Жизнь

и дела его - сюжеты для авантюрного романов. Полковник Российской

армии Иван Тупчанинов после Крымской войны вышел в отставку и

эмигрировал в Америку. Там во время гражданской войны добровольцем

записался в армию северян, командовал бригадой и был произведен

Линкольном в генералы. Его жена стала первой в Америке женщиной -

полевым хирургом.

Александр Северский (1894-1974) был конструктором военных самолетов.

Среди его идей были автопилот и система дозоправки в воздухе. Степан

Тимошенко(1878-1972)-ученый-металлург, крупнейший в мире специалист

по сопротивлению материалов.… Тысячи фамилий в русском мире

Америки являются гордостью наших стран:.Нобелевский лауреат,

экономист Леонтьев, изобретатель телевидения Зворикин, авиаконструктор

Игорь Сикорский, выдающийся американский офтальмолог Елена

Федукович, Нина Федорова – генетик, академик Национальной академии

наук, физик Георгий Гамов. А еще – писатели, артисты балета, музыканты,

певцы, художники!

7.Требования к зачету

Конечные требования при подготовке специалистов ВМК устанавливаются с ориентацией на международные стандарты (не ниже уровня В2 по общеевропейской шкале уровней владения иностранными языка СЕFR и с учетом национальных приоритетов в образовании. Конкретизация этих требований находит отражение в следующих компонентах зачета:

- Чтение, понимание и обсуждение оригинального неадаптированного текста, тематически связанного с содержанием программы.

- Умение обобщить изложенные в тексте факты и сделать выводы из прочитанного;

- Беседа по двум из пройденных тем курса (Великобритания и США).

- Установление логической или хронологической связи событий, их взаимосвязи.

8. Учебно-методическое и информационное обеспечение дисциплины (модуля)

Основная методическая литература:

- 1. Mc. Dowell. D. Britain in Close Up. Longman. 2003.

- 2. Catherine Addis. Britain Now. BBC English. 1994.

• 3 Mc. Dowell. D. An Illustrated History of Britain. 1995.

• 4. Joanne Collie & Alex Martin. What’s It Like? Cambridge. 2000.

• 5. Eckhart Fiedler, Reimer Jansen, Mil Norman-Risch. America in Close-Up. Longman. 2005.

• 6. Bryn O’Callaghan. An Illustrated History of the USA.Longman.2001.

• 7. Martha Boardman. In the USA. Titul. 1998.

• 8. А.В. Павловская. Англия и англичане. М. 2005.

• 9. Саратовская Л.Б. The United States of America in Past and Present. М.: 2004.

• 10. Беликова Е.К., Саратовская Л.Б. The United Kingdom and the United States of America in Past and Present. M. 2009.

- 11. Tokareva Natalia, Peppard Victor. What it is Like in the USA. M.: 1998.

Характеристики

Список файлов лекций