Стандарт языка Си С99 TC (1113411)

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WG14/N1256Committee Draft — Septermber 7, 2007ISO/IEC 9899:TC3ContentsForewordIntroduction1. Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xiv. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.

Normative references. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3. Terms, definitions, and symbols4. Conformance2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75. Environment. . . . . . . . . . .5.1 Conceptual models. . . . . .5.1.1Translation environment .5.1.2Execution environments.5.2 Environmental considerations.

.5.2.1 Character sets. . . . .5.2.2Character display semantics5.2.3 Signals and interrupts . .5.2.4Environmental limits. ............... .. ......................................................................................................................9991117171920206.

Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.1 Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.2 Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . . .6.2.1 Scopes of identifiers. . . . .6.2.2Linkages of identifiers . . . . .6.2.3 Name spaces of identifiers. . .6.2.4 Storage durations of objects. .6.2.5 Types. .

. . . . . . . . .6.2.6 Representations of types . . . .6.2.7 Compatible type and composite type6.3 Conversions. . . . . . . . . . . .6.3.1 Arithmetic operands. . . . .6.3.2 Other operands. . . . . . .6.4 Lexical elements. . . . . . . . . .6.4.1 Keywords . . . . . . . . . .6.4.2 Identifiers . . .

. . . . . . .6.4.3 Universal character names. . .6.4.4Constants . . . . . . . . . .6.4.5 String literals. . . . . . . .6.4.6Punctuators . . . . . . . . .6.4.7 Header names. . . . . . . .6.4.8 Preprocessing numbers. . . .6.4.9 Comments. . . . . . . . .6.5 Expressions. . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................292929293031323337404242464950515354626364656667Contents..............iiiISO/IEC 9899:TC3Committee Draft — Septermber 7, 20076.5.1Primary expressions. . .6.5.2 Postfix operators .

. . . .6.5.3Unary operators. . . . .6.5.4 Cast operators . . . . . .6.5.5Multiplicative operators. .6.5.6 Additive operators. . . .6.5.7 Bitwise shift operators . . .6.5.8Relational operators . . . .6.5.9 Equality operators. . . .6.5.10 Bitwise AND operator .

. .6.5.11 Bitwise exclusive OR operator6.5.12 Bitwise inclusive OR operator6.5.13 Logical AND operator . . .6.5.14 Logical OR operator. . .6.5.15 Conditional operator. . .6.5.16 Assignment operators . . .6.5.17 Comma operator . . . . .6.6 Constant expressions . . . . . . .6.7 Declarations. . . . . . . . . .6.7.1 Storage-class specifiers.

.6.7.2Type specifiers . . . . . .6.7.3 Type qualifiers . . . . . .6.7.4Function specifiers. . . .6.7.5 Declarators. . . . . . .6.7.6 Type names . . . . . . .6.7.7Type definitions. . . . .6.7.8 Initialization. . . . . .6.8 Statements and blocks. . . . . .6.8.1Labeled statements. . . .6.8.2 Compound statement. . .6.8.3 Expression and null statements6.8.4 Selection statements.

. .6.8.5 Iteration statements . . . .6.8.6 Jump statements. . . . .6.9 External definitions. . . . . . .6.9.1Function definitions . . . .6.9.2 External object definitions.6.10 Preprocessing directives. . . . .6.10.1 Conditional inclusion. . .6.10.2 Source file inclusion.

. .6.10.3 Macro replacement . . . .6.10.4 Line control . . . . . . .6.10.5 Error directive . . . . . .6.10.6 Pragma directive . . . . .ivContents......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................WG14/N1256................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................696978818282848586878888898990919495979899108112114122123125131131132132133135136140141143145147149151158159159WG14/N1256Committee Draft — Septermber 7, 20076.10.7 Null directive.

. . . .6.10.8 Predefined macro names .6.10.9 Pragma operator. . . .6.11 Future language directions. . .6.11.1 Floating types. . . . .6.11.2 Linkages of identifiers . .6.11.3 External names. . . .6.11.4 Character escape sequences6.11.5 Storage-class specifiers.6.11.6 Function declarators. .6.11.7 Function definitions .

. .6.11.8 Pragma directives. . .6.11.9 Predefined macro names ..............................................................................7. Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.1.1 Definitions of terms . . . . . . . . .7.1.2 Standard headers . . . . . .

. . . .7.1.3 Reserved identifiers . . . . . . . . .7.1.4Use of library functions. . . . . . .7.2 Diagnostics <assert.h>. . . . . . . . .7.2.1 Program diagnostics. . . . . . . .7.3 Complex arithmetic <complex.h>. . . . .7.3.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . .7.3.2Conventions . . . .

. . . . . . . .7.3.3 Branch cuts . . . . . . . . . . . .7.3.4 The CX_LIMITED_RANGE pragma. .7.3.5Trigonometric functions . . . . . . .7.3.6Hyperbolic functions. . . . . . . .7.3.7 Exponential and logarithmic functions.7.3.8Power and absolute-value functions. .7.3.9Manipulation functions. . . .

. . .7.4 Character handling <ctype.h> . . . . . . .7.4.1Character classification functions. . .7.4.2 Character case mapping functions. . .7.5 Errors <errno.h>. . . . . . . . . . . .7.6 Floating-point environment <fenv.h>. . . .7.6.1 The FENV_ACCESS pragma. .

. . .7.6.2 Floating-point exceptions. . . . . .7.6.3 Rounding . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.6.4 Environment. . . . . . . . . . .7.7 Characteristics of floating types <float.h> . .7.8 Format conversion of integer types <inttypes.h>7.8.1Macros for format specifiers. . . . .7.8.2 Functions for greatest-width integer typesContents.............ISO/IEC 9899:TC3........................................................................................................160160161163163163163163163163163163163.............................. .. ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................164164164165166166169169170170171171171172174176177178181181184186187189190193194197198198199............................vISO/IEC 9899:TC3Committee Draft — Septermber 7, 20077.9 Alternative spellings <iso646.h> .

. . . . . . . . . .7.10 Sizes of integer types <limits.h>. . . . . . . . . .7.11 Localization <locale.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.11.1 Locale control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.11.2 Numeric formatting convention inquiry . . . . . .7.12 Mathematics <math.h> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.12.1 Treatment of error conditions . .

. . . . . . . .7.12.2 The FP_CONTRACT pragma. . . . . . . . . .7.12.3 Classification macros. . . . . . . . . . . . .7.12.4 Trigonometric functions . . . . . . . . . . . .7.12.5 Hyperbolic functions. . . . . . . . . . . . .7.12.6 Exponential and logarithmic functions. . . . . .7.12.7 Power and absolute-value functions. .

. . . . .7.12.8 Error and gamma functions . . . . . . . . . . .7.12.9 Nearest integer functions . . . . . . . . . . . .7.12.10 Remainder functions. . . . . . . . . . . . .7.12.11 Manipulation functions. . . . . . . . . . . .7.12.12 Maximum, minimum, and positive difference functions7.12.13 Floating multiply-add . . . .

. . . . . . . . .7.12.14 Comparison macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.13 Nonlocal jumps <setjmp.h>. . . . . . . . . . . .7.13.1 Save calling environment. . . . . . . . . . .7.13.2 Restore calling environment. . . . . . . . . .7.14 Signal handling <signal.h> . .

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