Technical_English_3_-_WB (Technical_English_3 WB тетрадь), страница 15

·0. but it's a 75% possibility.Is this the worst that could happen in the future?By no means. There's a 50% chance that average global te mperaturescould rise by five degrees Celsius, also by 2060.So how could we avoid this?Well, we need to stabilise our carbon emissions by 2030. Nte r tha t, wewould need to reduce emissions by between 1% and 3%.I see. \\ llal are rour ,i ews on switching energy sources?In our opinion, irs essential to promote all the technologies for cleaner~.

and cleaner transport. We should aim to have non-<:arbon·basedfuels accounting for 60% of energy output by 2050.So will that reduce carbon emissions in the long term?Yes. it " ill We need to set t\'vo new European targets: to reduce carbonemissions by 3O'l8 by 2020, and by 60% by 2050.\\llal was that 1asl1igure?Compound nounsbio fue lcarbo n capture and storageclean coal technologycoUection platenue gasiron filingpower plantUnit 7 ReportsI don'l think that'S a good idea There are too many nashing lightsWell.

what about a system based on different sensors, to monitorthings like the distance from the vehicle in front, your speed , the roadconditions and the extennal temperature? Then we' re combiningdifferenl factors.1lla1 sounds good. So, an audible or tactile warning system related todifferent factors.Do you think that carbon emissions will push up global temperatures?Is this the worst that could happen in the future?So how could we a void this?What are your view s on switching energy sources?So will that reduce carbon emissions in the long term?&1malready when rou're driving.A:Our carbon einissions in 2050 need to be 60% lower than they are now.Thank you for clarifying those parts of your report.M:B:M:B:M:B:M:B:M:B:M:B:I',·e made some progress since we last spoke.So.

what S)'SIerns have you come up with?I',·e looked into four of the identification technologies that yousuggested last month.And?As we thought, we need to look at biometrics in order to obtain thefastest and most secure system.And what I)-pes of biometrics did you look at?WeD, biometrics covers the physical measurement of a person - their"-oice, their fingers, the shape of their face, or the patterns of their irises.And !he most promising technology is iris scanning.Really? \ 'hat about that othe r system that we spoke about - capacitivescanning? Have you looked into that?Yes, fO come to that in a m oment.Remind me wily biometrics is going to be the best solution.~eJl take the human iris. Fo r a start, every human iris is individual .TIle chances of two differe nt irises being the same are one in ten tothe power of 180.I follo\ .And the iris structure doesn't change during a person's lifetime.

Basically,you ",ill han! the same iris structure when you are old that you had as aone-~-ear-cld baby. Unless of course you have to have eye surgery. Thatmight change the iris structure.So iris scanning, then.In fact, the basic iris recognition technology is known as 'imagecapturing', not scanning.What's !he difference?!mage capturing is video; scanning is, well, scanning.Yes, I see what you m ean.With image capturing, there's no physical contact, unlike fingerprintscanning or capacitive scanning. So no germs or bacteria are transferred.Go on, tell me more.It's accurate. And it's much more reliable than voice recognition. Andwe agreed that accuracy is our first priority.Agreed.

Any other good points you discovered?It's nexible. If you w ant, you can combine iris scanning with othersystems, like Ph numbers or swipe cards. Or you can use iris scanningas a stand-alone system .So how does the syste m operate?In stage I, the registration stage, you capture an image of the person'siris. ext, you upload all the details of the images plus the person's IDonto the compute r. Then, for identification, when the person gets to theM:B:M:B:M:B:M:access gate, they face the iris scanner, and the computer matches theimage of their iris with the details on the database.And how long does all that take?Less than two seconds.I'm impressed! Anything else?Yes, scalability.

Once you have the system up and running, you can addthousands of people to the database. It has no effect on accuracy oraccess time at the gate.So you're saying the system could handle thousands of people.You can have a multi-million person database! This system is going tobe huge , I can tell you!Good. Oh! I must go. I'll catch up with you after the weekend.KlUI2345678How are you getting on?What systems have you come up with?What about that other system that we spoke about?Have you looked into that?Yes, I see what you mean.Go on, tell me more.So how does the system operate?I'll catch up with you after the weekend.KlUamplifiercapacitancecapacitorconductordielectricmagnetismmicrochipresistorsensorterminalUrnt 8 ProjectsWidHello and welcome to the new Visitors Centre at the Three Gorges Project.The Centre was opened in 2009.Many visitors ask why the TGP was constructed, so we hope that this shorttalk will give you some general information.

In the past, the Yangtze Riverused to flood every year, particularly in the flood months between May andSeptember. These floods caused thousands of deaths every year, as well asdestroying houses, businesses and farmland . So, this was one reason forconstructing the TGp, which has eliminated flooding and loss of life. Sincethe dam was completed , this has brought a further advantage, since it's nowpossible to regulate the flow of water through the three gorges, and to evenout the water flow during the 12 months of the year. At the earliest planningstage, an important aim of the project was the generating of electricity.Two power plants were constructed , one on each side of the river, with acombined capacity of 18,200 MW, the largest in the world.The area covered by the present reservoir once included two cities and11 6 towns.

About 1.1 million people had to be resettled as the waters ofthe reservoir began to rise. Many thousands of the displaced persons choseto emigrate to other cities in search of employment. Those that chose toremain in the gorges have all been re-housed, and many new towns havebeen built for this purpose. These new settlements have been well laid outby providing grassy open spaces around the five-storey housing blocks.

Thepeople who have moved there appreciate the quality of their new housing,which is superior to the simple houses that they had before.Finally, because this huge new dam lies close to an earthquake zone, manyvisitors ask questions about the safety of the TGP. In fact, the dam has beenconstructed to a high specification in order to withstand earthquake shocks.Thank you for listening. To hear some statistics about the Three GorgesProject, press '1' .MdJIHere are some statistics about the Three Gorges Project.The scale of the Three Gorges Dam is enormous, and huge quantities ofrock and concrete had to be moved during the c onstruction phase.

103million cubic metres of earth and rock were excavated and moved. 32million cubic metres of earth and rock were moved for filling. A total of 28million tonnes of concrete was mixed , transported and poured. Massivequantities of metalwork were used on the project, including 462,300 lonnesof rebar. There was also a large requirement for general melalwork, for thingslike gates, beams, and so on.

This totalled 256,500 lonnes. The total volume ofthe dam is estimated at 12 million cubic metres. It' surprising, not that theTGP took so long to construct, but that such a huge project was compIeIedin such a short period, just 17 years. Work on this dam, the largest in theworld, started in 1993 and was completed on schedule in 2009. During itsconstruction, about 20,000 people were invol..-ed in building the dam.The dimensions of this dam are as follow'S: it has a maximum height of18 1 metres and is 2,309 metres long; in other words, it is O\'er twokilometres in length.To build such a huge dam, it was first necessary to construct nine concretebatching plants, for the mixing of the concrete.

"These had a \~' largeproduction capacity, and when all nine plants were working, they had thecapacity to produce 2,400 cubic metres of concrete per hour. In fact. in onemonth, these nine batching plants broke a recont they produced 553,000cubic metres of concrete, that's over half a million cubic metres, in onemonth! Fmally, behind the massive Three Gorges dam lies the resenuiL "flichcovers an area of 1,084 square kilometres. 1lle reSefYOO is 660 kiIomeIres long,To return to the main menu, press '0'.a,srirSt syllable stressed:cylinderdrillingpipelinestabilisetravellingturntableSecond syllalble stressed:continuouslydirectionalhydraulicobstructionstabilitysufficientUnit 9 Designa ,uIThe base of the building is square, but for three quarters of its height it tapersto its recognisable rectangular top,an opening reduces the sIJesses 01wind pressure.

Its shape is often compared to a giant bottJe.openeL The hotel,,,tlereon Ihe 79Ih to 93rd Hoors is the highest in the world.2When this building'"''dS COITIpleted in 2004. it """3S the highest. in the ",..."Odd....The towers remain the tallest twin buildings in the w orld The two spines atthe top of the building, which are not antennas, form part of the structure. Thetowers are linked by a tw<rstorey sk)bridge linking the 41st and -t2nd floors.3For a time, this was the tallest building in the w orld. It has an unusuaJ shape:eighl tapering sections rest upon a huge base or pedestal.