Физика-8кл-Перышкин-2001-гдз (8 класс - Перышкин), страница 7

<hdjm]y^jZm]e_jh^Z\jZsZ_lkywe_dljhgh\agZqblijhlhgh\\ y^j_m]e_jh^Z<k_]hqZklbp\ y^j_lh]^Zdhebq_kl\hg_cljhgh\jZ\gh± 2. ?kebhlZlhfZ]_ebyhl^_ebekywe_dljhglhhklZ\rZykyqZklbpZgZau\Z_lky iheh`bl_evguf bhghf __ aZjy^ jZ\_g fh^mex b ijhlb\hiheh`_g ihagZdmaZjy^mwe_dljhgZMijZ`g_gb_1. W[hgblh\mx iZehqdm fh`gh gZwe_dljbah\Zlv lj_gb_f ld hgZ ^bwe_dljbdZ f_lZeebq_kdbckl_j`_gvg_evayldhgijh\h^gbd2. Ijb gZeb\_ [_gabgZ dhjimk [_gah\haZ kh_^bgyxl k a_fe_c f_lZeebq_kdbfijh\h^gbdhfqlh[uk fZrbgukl_d\_kvaZjy^Wlhg_h[oh^bfhqlh[u\ [_gah\hag_m^ZjbeZfhegbyMijZ`g_gb_1. =eZ\gufb qZklyfb rl_ik_evghc \bedb y\eyxlky ^\Z f_lZeebq_kdborlujvdZdhlhju_\klZ\eyxlky\ jha_ldmWlb^\ZrlujvdZg_^he`gukhijbdZkZlvkyqlh[ug_[uehdhjhldh]haZfudZgbyIhwlhfmboihf_sZxl\dhjimkba^bwe_dljbq_kdhcieZklfZkku2.

Qlh[udZ`^uca\hghdfh`gh[u- 3. Qlh[u fh`gh [ueh a\hgblv baeh \dexqZlv hl^_evgh bo ke_^m_l ^\mo jZaguo f_kl a\hghd b ^\_kh_^bgblvke_^mxsbfh[jZahfdghidb ke_^m_l kh_^bgblv ke_^mxsbfh[jZahf4. LZdZyijh\h^dZfh`_l[ulvijbf_g_gZ_kebeZfimg_h[oh^bfh\dexqZlv^\mfyjm[bevgbdZfbgZijbf_j^\mfjZagufex^yf5.

Pbnjhchlf_q_gu^\Z]Zev\Zgbq_kdbowe_f_glZpbnjhc²we_dljbq_kdZyeZfiZpbnjhc²\udexqZl_ev33MijZ`g_gb_1. f: :f: :f: :d: :2.>ZghI = 1,4 At fbg FGZclbq.>ZghI = 0,3 At fbg F_ = 1,6⋅10–19 De3.GZclbN.J_r_gb_q = It; q = 1,4 A ⋅ F DeHl\_lq DeJ_r_gb_Qlh[ugZclbqbkehwe_dljhgh\ijhr_^rboqj_aihi_j_qgh_ k_q_gb_ kibjZeb we_dljbq_kdhc eZfiu gZ^hgZclbaZjy^q b jZa^_eblv_]hgZagZq_gb_we_f_glZjgh]haZjy^Z_.q = It; q = 0,3 A ⋅ F DeN=q90 De; N== 5,6 ⋅ 10 20.e1,6 ⋅ 10 −19 DeHl\_lN = 5,6⋅1020 we_dljhgh\MijZ`g_gb_1. :2.

Gm`ghwlb^\ZZfi_jf_ljZ\dexqblvh^gh\j_f_gghb ihke_^h\Zl_evgh\p_iv?kebijbwlhfihdZaZgbyZfi_jf_ljh\[m^mlkh\iZ^ZlvlhihdZaZgbybkke_^m_fh]hZfi_jf_ljZ[m^mlijZ\bevgufb\ ijhlb\ghfkemqZ_²g_l3. P_gZ^_e_gbyrdZeZfi_jf_ljh\bah[jZ`_gguogZjbkmgdZomq_[gbdZjZ\gZ:Bfbfh`ghbaf_jylvkbemlhdZ^h:KbeZlhdZjZ\gZ:KbeZlhdZjZ\gZ:4. GZ^hh^gh\j_f_ggh\dexqblvwlb^\ZZfi_jf_ljZ\ p_iv\ dhlhjhcfh`ghf_gylvkbemlhdZDZ`^ucjZabaf_gyykbemlhdZ\ p_ibgZp_gm_^bgbpu ^_e_gby lhqgh]h Zfi_jf_ljZ gm`gh gZghkblv ^_e_gby gZ _s_ g_ ijh]jZ^mbjh\ZggucZfi_jf_ljMijZ`g_gb_1.

P_gZ^_e_gby\hevlf_ljZbah[jZ`_ggh]hgZjbkmgd_ Zmq_[gbdZjZ\gZ<34GZijy`_gb_jZ\gh<GZijy`_gb_jZ\gh<GZijy`_gb_jZ\gh< 2. P_gZ^_e_gbyrdZeu\hevlf_ljZbah[jZ`_ggh]hgZjbkmgd_ Zmq_[gbdZjZ\gZ<GZijy`_gb_dhlhjh_hgihdZau\Z_ljZ\ghijb[eb`_ggh<3.V–+AMijZ`g_gb_>ZghU1 = 2 BI1 = 0,4 AI2 = 0,8 A1.GZclbU2.J_r_gb_KbeZlhdZ\ p_ibm\_ebqbeZkv\I 2 0,8 A== 2 jZaZ GZI1 0,4 Aijy`_gb_m\_ebqb\Z_lky\hklhevdh`_jZa\hkdhevdhjZam\_ebqb\Z_lkykbeZlhdZl_U2 = 2U1 = 2 ⋅ 2 B = 4 B.Hl\_lU2 = 4 B.35>ZghU1 = 2 BI1 = 0,5 AU2 = 4 BU3 = 1 B2.GZclbI2, I3.J_r_gb_KbeZlhdZ\ p_ibbaf_gy_lky\hklhevdh`_jZa\hkdhevdhjZa baf_gy_lky gZijy`_gb_ < i_j\hf kemqZ_ gZijy`_gb_m\_ebqbehkv \U2 4 B jZaZ Z ke_^h\Zl_evgh kbeZ=U1 2 BlhdZlh`_m\_ebqbeZkv\ ^\ZjZaZI2 = 2I1 = 1 A.<h \lhjhf kemqZ_ gZijy`_gb_ mf_gvrbehkv \ jZaZ ZagZqbl kbeZ lhdZ lh`_ mf_gvrbeZkv \ ^\Z jZaZI3 =I1 0,5 A== 0,25 A .22Hl\_l::MijZ`g_gb_1.±$9< ^Zgghf hiul_ ihkj_^kl\hf \dexq_gby \ p_iv jZaebqguo ijh\h^gbdh\\uykgyxlqlhkbeZlhdZaZ\bkblhlkhijhlb\e_gbyijh\h^gbdZ2.

fHf HfdHf HfFHf Hf3.>ZghJ_r_gb_I = 0,5 AU1BR= ; R=HfU=1BGZclbR.1.>ZghU = 220 BR HfGZclbI.Hl\_l5 HfI0,5 AMijZ`g_gb_J_r_gb_KbemlhdZhij_^_ey_fihaZdhgmHfZI=U220 B:; I=R50 HfHl\_lI = 4,4 A.362.>ZghI = 0,7 AR HfGZclbU.3.>ZghU = 150 BI = 0,01 AJ_r_gb_GZijy`_gb_U gZoh^bfbaaZdhgZHfZU = IR; U = 0,7 A ⋅ Hf %Hl\_lU = 217 B.J_r_gb_Khijhlb\e_gb_R gZoh^bfbaaZdhgZHfZR=U 150 BHf dHf=I 0,01 AGZclbR.Hl\_lR dHf4. Khijhlb\e_gb_ijh\h^gbdZjZ\ghHf5. < kemqZ_hiulZ‹ gZjbkmgd_\ p_iv[m^_l\dexq_gijh\h^gbdkhijhlb\e_gb_f Hf Z Zfi_jf_lj [m^_l ihdZau\Zlv kbem lhdZ \ p_ib jZ\gmx:< kemqZ_hiulZ‹ gZjbkmgd_gbq_]hg_baf_gblky6. R Hf7.

;hevrbf khijhlb\e_gb_f h[eZ^Z_l ijh\h^gbd < Khijhlb\e_gb_ ijh\h^gbdZ: jZ\ghHfZ ijh\h^gbdZ< ²HfMijZ`g_gb_1.>Zghl1 kf fl2 fρ1 = ρ2 = ρS1 = S2 = SGZclbR2.R12.Z>Zghl kf fS ff2ρ = 0,028GZclbR.Hf ⋅ ff 2f[>Zghl kf fS ff2ρ = 0,4Ûù ⋅ ùù ùGZclbR.J_r_gb_;he__ ^ebgguc ijh\h^ h[eZ^Z_l [hevrbf khijhlb\e_gb_fl_khijhlb\e_gb_ijh\h^Z^ebghcl2 f[hevr_khijhlb\e_gbyijh\h^Z^ebghcl1 fR1 = !Rll1l1,6 f; R2 = ! 2 ; 2 = 2 ==8.SS R1 l1 0,2 fHl\_l khijhlb\e_gb_ \lhjh]h ijh\h^Z \ jZa [hevr_khijhlb\e_gbyi_j\h]hJ_r_gb_R=!lÛù ⋅ ùù ùHf; R=0,028⋅ùS ùù Hl\_lR HfJ_r_gb_R=!lÛù ⋅ ùù ùHf; R = 0,4⋅ùS ùù Hl\_lR Hf37\>Zghl kf fS kf2 ff2ρ = 0,5R=!Hf ⋅ ff 2fGZclbR.3.>Zghl fS ff2ρ = 1,1J_r_gb_lÛù ⋅ ùù ùHf; R = 0,5⋅ùS ùù Hl\_lR HfJ_r_gb_Ûù ⋅ ùù ùKbemlhdZgZoh^bfihaZdhgmHfZ I =lb\e_gb_ihnhjfme_ R = !U = 220 BR = 1,1I=UZ khijhRl.SÛù ⋅ ùù ùHf⋅ù ùù 220 B≈ :151,25 HfGZclbI.Hl\_lI ≈ 1,5 A.4.>ZghJ_r_gb_GZijy`_gb_gZc^_fihaZdhgmHfZU = IRZ khl ff fS ff2lijhlb\e_gb_ihnhjfme_ R = ! .2Hf ⋅ ffSρ = 0,1fI f: :GZclbU.R = 0,1Ûù ⋅ ùù ùHf⋅ù ùù U = 0,25 A⋅Hf≈ <Hl\_lU <MijZ`g_gb_1.

>_ckl\b_ j_hklZlZ hkgh\Zgh gZ kf_g_ ijh\h^gbdh\ \ p_ib ihkj_^kl\hfi_j_dexqZl_ey2. HfQlh[ukhijhlb\e_gb_m\_ebqblv_s_gZHfgZ^hi_j_dexqZl_evmklZgh\blv\ kZfh_djZcg__ijZ\h_iheh`_gb_3.384.>ZghR HfS ff2J_r_gb_Ûù ⋅ ùù ùGZclbl.ρ = 0,41.>ZghR1 HfR2 HfI = 0,2 AGZclbU1, U2, U.2. GZ^hn =3.>ZghU = 220 Bn=2R=!lRS20 Hf ⋅ 3 ff 2; l=;l== 150 f .!SHf ⋅ ff 20,4fHl\_ll fMijZ`g_gb_J_r_gb_GZijy`_gb_gZdZ`^hfbaijh\h^gbdh\gZc^_fbaaZdhgZHfZU1 = IR1; U1 = 0,2 A ⋅ Hf <U2 = IR2; U2 = 0,2 A ⋅ Hf <H[s__ gZijy`_gb_ ijb ihke_^h\Zl_evghf kh_^bg_gbb ijh\h^gbdh\gZc^_fihnhjfme_U = U1 + U2; U = 0,8 B + 1,2 B = 2 B.Hl\_lU1 = 0,8 B, U2 = 1,2 B, U = 2 B.3000eZfi\dexqblvihke_^h\Zl_evgh\ p_iv50GZclbU1, U2.4.J_r_gb_GZdZ`^hcbaeZfi[m^_lh^bgZdh\h_gZijy`_gb_U %; U1 = U2 =NU1 = U; U1 = U2 == 110 B.nHl\_lU1 = U2 = 110 B.±5>ZghU=6BR1 HfR2 HfR3 Hf855J_r_gb_H[s__khijhlb\e_gb_\ p_ibgZc^_fihnhjfme_R = R1 + R2 + R3;R HfHfHf HfKbemlhdZ\ p_ibgZc^_fihaZdhgmHfZI=U6B; I =≈ :R18,5 Hf39GZclbI, U1, U2, U3.1.>ZghR1 HfR2 HfU = 12 BGZijy`_gb_ gZ dhgpZo dZ`^h]h ba ihlj_[bl_e_cgZc^_fbaaZdhgZHfZU1 = IR1; U1 = 0,324 A ⋅ Hf≈ 4,4 B;U2 = IR2; U2 = 0,324 A ⋅ Hf≈ 1 B;U3 = IR3; U3 = 0,324 A ⋅ Hf≈ 0,6 B.Hl\_l,≈ 0,324 A, U1 ≈ 4,4 B, U2 ≈ 1 B, U3 ≈ 0,6 B.MijZ`g_gb_J_r_gb_KbemlhdZ\ dZ`^hfijh\h^gbd_gZc^_fihaZdhgmHfZ12 BU:; I1 =10 HfR112 BUI2 =:; I2 =15 HfR2I1 =KbeZlhdZ^hjZa\_l\e_gbygZoh^blkyihnhjfme_I = I1 + I2; I = 1,2 A + 0,8 A = 2 A.GZclbI1, I2, I.

Hl\_lI1 = 1,2 A, I2 = 0,8 A, I = 2 A.2. >eylh]hqlh[ugZdZ`^hf[ulh\hfijb[hj_[uehh^bgZdh\h_gZijy`_gb_jZ\gh_<3.>ZghJ_r_gb_Kbem lhdZ gZ dZ`^hf ba ihlj_[bl_e_ gZc^_f ihR1 HfaZdhgmHfZR2 HfR3 Hf24 BUI1 =:; I1 =U = 24 B20 HfR124 BUI2 =:; I2 =40 HfR224 BUI3 =:; I3 =24 HfR3H[smxkbemlhdZgZc^_fihnhjfme_I = I1 + I2 + I3; I = 1,2 A + 0,6 A + 1 A = 2,8 A.H[s__khijhlb\e_gb_gZc^_fbaaZdhgZHfZGZclbI1, I2, I3, I, R.R=U24 B; R=≈ Hf2,8 AIHl\_lI1 = 1,2 A, I2 = 0,6 A, I3 = 1 A, I = 2,8 A, R ≈≈ Hf4. Ihlhfmqlh\ i_j\hfkemqZ_m\_ebqb\Z_lky^ebgZijh\h^gbdZ\h\lhjhfkemqZ_m\_ebqb\Z_lkyiehsZ^vihi_j_qgh]hk_q_gby405.>ZghR1 HfR2 HfR3 HfR4 HfIa = 1 AJ_r_gb_KbeZ lhdZ \ lj_lv_f ijh\h^gbd_ jZ\gZ ihdZaZgbyfZfi_jf_ljZI3 = Ia $ GZijy`_gb_ gZlj_lv_fijh\h^gbd_gZc^_fbaaZdhgZHfZU3 = I3R3 = 1 A ⋅ Hf <GZijy`_gb_ gZ \lhjhf ijh\h^gbd_ jZ\gh gZijy`_gbx gZ lj_lv_f lZd dZd hgb kh_^bg_guiZjZee_evgh^jm]k ^jm]hfU2 = U3 = 12 B.KbemlhdZ\h\lhjhfijh\h^gbd_gZc^_fihaZdhgmHfZ I 2 =GZclbUBC, I1, I2, I3, I4.U 2 12 B:KbeulhdZ\=R2 6 Hfi_j\hfb q_l\_jlhfijh\h^gbd_h^bgZdh\uI1 = I4 = I2 + I3; I1 = I4 = 2 A + 1 A = 3 A.GZijy`_gb_f_`^mlhqdZfb< bKUBC = U2 + U3 = 12 BHl\_lUBC = 12 B; I1 = 3 A; I2 = 2 A; I3 = 1 A,I4 = 3 A.MijZ`g_gb_1.>Zght fbg kI = 0,5 A; U = 12 BGZclbA.2.>ZghU = 3,5 BR Hft fbg kGZclbA.3.>ZghR1 = R2 HfU = 4,5 BJ_r_gb_A = UIt;A = 12 B ⋅ 0,5 A ⋅ F >` d>`Hl\_l$ d>`J_r_gb_A = UIt; I =U3,5 B:; I =R14 HfA = 3,5 B⋅0,25 A⋅F >`Hl\_lA >`J_r_gb_Ijbihke_^h\Zl_evghfkh_^bg_gbbA1 = UI1t; I1 =U.2R1A2 = UI2t; I 2 =AIU2U=Hlkx^Z 2 = 2 = 4 .R1 / 2 R1A1I1IjbiZjZee_evghfkh_^bg_gbbGZclb:2.:1Hl\_lA2=4.A141MijZ`g_gb_1.>ZghJ_r_gb_U = 127 BP = UI; P = 127 B ⋅ $ %lI = 0,6 AGZclbP.Hl\_lJ <l2.>ZghJ_r_gb_U = 220 BP = UI; P = 220 B ⋅ $ %lI=3AGZclbP.Hl\_lJ <l3.>ZghJ_r_gb_t q kA = Pt;J1 d<l <lA1 <l⋅k >` d>`J2 <l:2 <l⋅k >` d>`J3 d<l <l:3 <l⋅k >` F>`GZclb:1, :2, :3.Hl\_l:1 d>`:2 d>`:3 F>`4.

>Zggh_aZ^Zgb_ijh^_eZcl_kZfhklhyl_evghMijZ`g_gb_1.>ZghJ_r_gb_J d<lA = Pt; A d<l⋅ q d<l⋅qt qGZclb:.Hl\_l: d<l⋅q2.>ZghJ_r_gb_J1 = J2 <lA = P1t + P2t + P3t + P4t = 2P1t + 2P3t;J3 = J4 <lt = 30t1; t = 30 ⋅ q qt1 q: = 2 ⋅ d<l⋅ q ⋅ d<l⋅ q d<l⋅qGZclb:.Hl\_l: d<l⋅q3.>ZghJ_r_gb_U = 220 BA = 30⋅(4P1t1 + P2t2 + P3t3 + P4t4);P1 <l d<lA = 30 ⋅ (4 ⋅ d<l⋅ q d<l⋅ q t1 qd<l⋅ q d<l⋅ q d<l⋅qJ2 <l d<lt2 qJ3 <l d<lt3 qJ4 <l d<lt4 qGZclb:.Hl\_l: d<l⋅q42MijZ`g_gb_1.>ZghJ_r_gb_Dhebq_kl\hl_iehluQ gZc^_fihaZdhgm>`hmeyt fbg kE_gpZQ = I2Rt.R HfI=5AQ = (5 A)2 ⋅ Hf⋅ F >`GZclbA.Hl\_lQ >` d>`2. >eylh]hqlh[uij_^hl\jZlblvjZafudZgb_p_ib3. GZijy`_gb_ gZ kibjZeb agZqbl_evgh [hevr_ gZijy`_gby jZkij_^_ey_fh]hf_`^mijh\h^ZfbKibjZevjZkdZey_lkyZ ijh\h^Z ihqlb g_ gZ]j_\Zxlkyihlhfmqlhkhijhlb\e_gb_kibjZeb\hfgh]hjZa[hevr_khijhlb\e_gbyijh\h^h\WlZjZagbpZ^hklb]Z_lkyaZkq_lbkihevah\Zgby^eykibjZebijh\h^gbdh\ k m^_evguf khijhlb\e_gb_f fgh]h [hevrbf m^_evgh]h khijhlb\e_gbyijh\h^h\4.

< [hevr_ckl_i_gbgZ]j__lkygbd_ebgh\Zyijh\hehdZldm g__m^_evgh_khijhlb\e_gb_[hevr_q_fm f_^ghcb klZevghcijh\hehdMijZ`g_gb_1. GZ^h\dexqblv\ p_ivj_hklZl2. Ihf_gylvihexkubklhqgbdZlhdZ3. M\_ebqblvqbkeh\bldh\\ we_dljhfZ]gbl_b \klZ\blv`_e_aguck_j^_qgbd4. Baf_g_gb_f kbeu lhdZ qbkeZ \bldh\ \ we_dljhfZ]gbl_ b \klZ\e_gb_f\ugbfZgb_f`_e_agh]hk_j^_qgbdZMijZ`g_gb_1. Ijh`_dlhjk\_qZa\_a^uh]hgvKhegp_fhegby2.

?keb [u k\_l jZkijhkljZgyeky g_ ijyfhebg_cgh lh nhjfu iheml_g_c[ueb[ubgu_bebl_g_cb iheml_g_c\h\k_[ug_[ueh3. Q_eh\_dgZoh^ysbcky\ h[eZklbl_gbijbkheg_qghfaZlf_gbbg_\b^blKhegpZ lZd dZd EmgZ aZdju\Z_l _]h iheghklvx Q_eh\_d gZoh^ysbcky \h[eZklbiheml_gbijbkheg_qghfaZlf_gbb\b^bllhevdhqZklvKhegpZlZddZdEmgZaZdju\Z_l_]hg_iheghklvxMijZ`g_gb_1.45°45°2. 0°.433.4.MijZ`g_gb_1.