Резюме Цой Гунвон (англ) (Взаимосвязь стратегий аккультурации и социального капитала южнокорейских мигрантов с их адаптацией в России), страница 4

In general, the results of the studies show that migrants who are in mostcontact with representatives of the host population are more satisfied with life and betteradapted to the new culture. They are also less likely to experience anxiety and depression.15In the third paragraph "The author's approach to the study of the relationshipbetween acculturation strategies, social capital and adaptation of South Korean migrantsin Russia", there is a review of existing studies on the relationship between acculturationand social capital strategies with the adaptation of migrants and the author's theoreticalmodel for interrelations between acculturation strategies and social capital, and alsodifferent types of adaptation.

It is noted that earlier social capital has not yet beenconsidered as a mediator of the connection between strategies of acculturation andadaptation of migrants, although the theoretical analysis allows us to make such anassumption. Based on the analysis carried out hypotheses of research are put forward,their justification is given.In the fourth paragraph, "Characteristics of the subject of research: South Koreanmigrants in Russia" describes the history of Korean migration to Russia, describes thecharacteristics of South Korean migrants as a special social, ethnic and cultural group.In the second chapter, "Empirical study of the relationship between acculturationand social capital strategies with the adaptation of South Korean migrants in Russia"examines the stages of the study, describes the methods used, presents samplecharacteristics and descriptive variables of variables, analyzes the main results, discussesthem, and summarizes the findings of the study.In the first paragraph of the chapter, the rationale for choosing the research tools,the description of the data collection procedure, and the socio-demographiccharacteristics of the sample are described.

During the analysis, the sample was analyzedin its entirety, and was also divided into two subsamples for the length of stay in Russia(less than 3 years and more than 4 years).In the second paragraph, "Results of research on the relationship betweenacculturation and social capital strategies with the adaptation of South Korean migrantsin Russia", descriptive statistics of all variables used, as well as particular correlationsbetween them, are given.In the paragraph "Interrelation of Acculturation Strategies with Adaptation", ahypothesis is tested on the relationship between acculturation strategies and thepsychological and socio-cultural adaptation of South Korean migrants. To test the16hypothesis, a structural model was constructed that has good fitness indicators (χ2 = 33.79;df = 20; p = 0.028; CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.048; SRMR = 0.041).

The obtained resultstestify to the existence of significant connections of "Integration" with psychological (= 0.18, p <0.05) and sociocultural ( = 0.28, p <0.001) adaptation, and also a negativesignificant connection of the "Separation" and psychological adaptation ( = -0.21, p<0.001).The relationship between bridging and bonding of social capital is further exploredwith the psychological and socio-cultural adaptation of South Korean migrants in theparagraph "Interconnection of social capital with adaptation". Indicators of the suitabilityof the structural model (χ2 = 26.32; df = 16; p = 0.050; CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.046;SRMR = 0.042). This model has shown that the bridging social capital is positivelyassociated with psychological and sociocultural adaptation.

At the same time, bondingsocial capital has a weak insignificant relationship with both types of adaptation.Further, the hypothesis on the meditative role of individual social capital was testedin the paragraph “Social capital as a mediator of the connection between acculturationstrategies and adaptation”, when considering the relationship between the acculturationstrategies and the psychological and sociocultural adaptation of South Korean migrants(see Figure 1). The constructed model has good fitness indices (χ2 = 61.89; df = 34;p = 0.002; CFI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.052; SRMR = 0.052).17*** p < .001; ** p < .01; * p < .05Figure 1.

The model of interrelation between acculturation strategies, adaptation andsocial capitalIt can be seen that the psychological and sociocultural adaptation of migrants issignificantly positively related to the bridging social capital ( = 0.22, p < 0.001) and (= 0.36, p < 0.001), respectively).The strategy of Assimilation is positively connected with the "bridging capital" (= 0.18, p <0.001) and negatively - with bonding ( = -0.19, p < 0.01). The "Integration"strategy has positive links with both types of social capital (for "bridging capital"  =0.46, p <0.001, for bonding -  = 0.26, p < 0.001).

The "Separation" strategy has anegative significant connection with the bridging social capital ( = -0.12, p < 0.05) andthe positive one with bonding social capital ( = 0.25, p < 0.001). An indirect positiveeffect was found for the strategy of "Integration", where social capital is a mediator of itsinterrelations, both with sociocultural ( = 0.19, p <0.001, 95% CI [.125, .265]), and withpsychological adaptation ( = 0.11, p <0.001, 95% CI [.060, .183]) (see Table 1).In the paragraph "Verification the Alternative Model of the Interconnection ofSocial Capital and Acculturation Strategies with the Adaptation of Migrants", an18alternative model is considered for obtaining a more reliable result, where Social capitalwere as a predictor and acculturation strategies as a mediator. However, this model, dueto a discrepancy with theoretical justifications and lower indicators of fit (χ2 = 64.27;df = 32; p = 0.001; CFI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.06; SRMR = 0.067), is rejected and furtheris not considered.In the paragraph "Duration of stay and Adaptation of South Korean Migrants inRussia", two groups of respondents who live for ‘less than 3 years’ and ‘more than 4years’ in Russia are compared by the variables studied.

Analysis of the comparison of theaverages allows one to conclude that the average values of "Integration" are higher incomparison with the values "Assimilation" and "Separation" for the two groups. Theexistence of a significant difference in the bridging Social Capital has been established Koreans with a long period of stay in Russia have closer social ties with Russians thanwith newcomers.The constructed model was added in which the term of residence in Russia as apredictor (see Figure 2.) (χ2 = 68.20; df = 38; p = 0.002; CFI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.051;SRMR = 0.050) showed, that Duration of stay in Russia has significant positive directlinks with the strategies of "Integration"( = 0.33.

р < 0.001) and "Assimilation” ( =0.15. р < 0.05), and also with the bridging social capital ( = 0.11. р < 0.01). At the sametime with regard to the "connecting" capital, both direct and indirect effects ( = 0.16. р< 0.01. 95% CI [083; .233]) were found in the Duration of stay in Russia. It is alsoimportant to note that there are no significant direct links with bonding social capital, butthere is a significant indirect effect ( = 0.089. р < 0.05. 95% CI [.028; .154]) (see Table1).19*** p < .001; ** p < .01; * p < 0.05Figure 2. Model of the relationship of social capital strategies for acculturation and adaptationTable 1.

Direct, indirect and total effects of the model of the relationship betweenstrategies for acculturation, adaptation and social capital, taking into account thelength of stayIndirect effectTotal effectβSDβSDBridging SK => Sociocultural Adaptation.336***.061.336***.061Bonding SK => Sociocultural Adaptation.085.060.085.060Independent => DependentβDirect effectSDIntegration => Sociocultural Adaptation.167***.037.167***.037Assimilation => Sociocultural Adaptation.045.028.045.028Separation => Sociocultural Adaptation-.023.027Duration of stay => Sociocultural Adaptation.088***.024-.023.027.098.055.187***.055Bridging SK => Psychological Adaptation.224***.060.224***.060Bonding SK => Psychological Adaptation.041.064.041.064Integration => Psychological Adaptation.107***.032.107***.032Assimilation => Psychological Adaptation.033.023.033.023Separation => Psychological Adaptation-.020.024-.020.024Duration of stay => Psychological Adaptation.059***.020-.003.067-.056.064Integration => Bridging SK.427***.053.427***.053Assimilation => Bridging SK.180***.051.180***.051Separation => Bridging SK-.137*.049-.137*.049.101*.055.258***.053Integration => Bonding SK.280***.066.280***.066Assimilation => Bonding SK-.183**.062-.183**.062.265***.054.265***.054-.067.058.022.053Duration of stay => Bridging SK.156***.038Separation => Bonding SKDuration of stay => Bonding SK*** p < .001; ** p < .01; * p < 0.05;Note: analysis on 1000 bootstrap samples..089**.032In the paragraph "Discussion of the results of an empirical study of the relationshipbetween acculturation strategies, social capital and the adaptation of South Koreanmigrants in Russia" the results are discussed in stages: the relationship betweenacculturation strategies and adaptation, the relationship of social capital with adaptation,the relationship of acculturation strategies with adaptation through social capital, therelationship between the duration of residence in Russia of migrants with acculturation,adaptation and social capital.

For each of the results obtained, a theoretical explanation isgiven and comparisons are made with other empirical studies.In conclusion, the main results of the study are summarized, its limitations are listed,and prospects for further study of this topic are described.MAIN CONCLUSIONS ON THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY1.For South Korean migrants in Russia, the preferred strategy is "Integration",followed by "Separation" and "Assimilation". The difference in the average values of"Integration" and "Separation" is insignificant, which means that for a given group ofmigrants, both strategies have almost equal value.

We did not consider the"Marginalization" strategy, since respondents did not prefer this strategy. In addition, ithas no significant links with adaptation.2.In general, bonding social capital among South Korean migrants in Russia ishigher than bridging social capital. That is, migrants have a closer connection withKoreans living in Russia than with local residents.3.The acculturation strategy "Integration" is positively associated withpsychological and sociocultural adaptation and "Separation" is negatively associated withthe psychological adaptation of South Korean migrants in Russia. Thus, the choice of"Integration" allows migrants to improve their life satisfaction and cope with anxiety.However, the second link is of special interest to us, since a sufficiently large number ofrespondents in the sample choose the "Separation" strategy, although it is not adaptive.That is, many of the South Korean migrants in Russia may be subject to acculturationstress (anxiety, depression, dissatisfaction with life circumstances).