[учебник] English Grammar Reference and Practice. Drozdova (1175660), страница 41
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- Ему надо сказать, его надо остановить, емунадо объяснить.Наконец ему велели сейчас же идти в кабинет директора. Там его встретила целая комиссия.- Хэмфри Богарт, - сказал директор. - Вас много раз видели с молодой женщиной...Потом Богарту велели на следующий же день привести эту молодую женщину к директору длясерьезного разговора.- Но, - сказал он. - Завтра нельзя. Она поведёт ребёнка к врачу.- Так там уже есть ребёнок! - воскликнул профорг.- Конечно, - ответил он.
- Я думал, что все уже знают.- Значит, это была ваша жена! - сказали мы. - Почему же вы этого сразу не сказали?- Меня не спрашивали, - ответил он.(From “Practical English Grammar by Correspondence” by Е.А. Nathanson)4. TestsII1.2.3.4.Покажите мне, где в вашем городе строится новый театр.Зимой свет зажигается рано.За билеты давно уплачено.Его можно было видеть в саду в любую погоду.138TESTS5.6.7.8.9.10.Нам в лагерь регулярно доставляют провизию и почту.Жаль, что на конференции таких вопросов не касались.Об этой книге уже написано много статей.Над ним всегда смеялись, когда он был школьником.Ничего удивительного, что цветы завяли (fade), их не поливали целую неделю.После ланча я слышал, что за Чарльзом послали.II1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.Вниз по этой улице строится новый квартал домов.Тебя интересует работа, которую тебе предложили?Его пришлось прооперировать.Посмотри! Разбили наше окно.Уроки нужно делать более интересными.Студентам велели подождать за дверью.Посторонних просят уйти с собрания (leave).Я почувствовал, что ему уже задавали этот вопрос.Об этой картине много говорят.
Мне её очень хорошо описали.Эти недостатки можно легко устранить (eliminate).III1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.Эта звезда хорошо видна только после захода солнца.Нам сообщили об этом только перед началом собрания.Тётю Дашу в семье моего отца не любили, считали её глупой.Я прислушался, в зале играли концерт Моцарта.Меня приняли прекрасно и угостили обедом.Я не мог сказать ему, что потратил деньги, которые мне дали на учебники.Он прибыл после того, как погасло (cut off) электричество.Мы наблюдали, как разгружались (unload) корабли.Её нигде не было видно.Я уверен, что за ним последуют многие.IVIV1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.Его никогда не приглашали на вечеринки.Многие старые здания в городах сейчас заменяются (replace) новыми зданиями.Если этот процесс не контролировать, города скоро потеряют свой уникальный облик (character).Когда Морган умер, его коллекция картин была распродана (sell out).Этот документ должен быть подписан.Окно было разбито ветром прошлой ночью.Здесь ремонтируют туфли и ботинки.Нам постоянно напоминают об опасности загрязнения (pollution) окружающей среды.Скоро даже самые отдаленные (remote) острова будут посещаться туристами.Этого никто не ожидал (expect).QUESTIONSANDNEGATIVESGENERAL RULE: In questions we normally put an auxiliary verb before the subject.
If there is no auxiliary.we use do.A uxiliary VerbsThe auxiliaries be, have and do are used in forming tenses, negatives and questions.1. The auxiliary be is used in forming the continuous tenses (is reading, was working) and the passive(is built, was made).□ He is living in Germany now.□ We were going to phone you.□ These cars are made in Japan.□ The walls of his room were covered with posters.2.The auxiliary have is used in forming the perfect tenses (have seen, had come, have been working).□ I haven’t seen Peter since last night.□ He has been working very hard recently.3.
The auxiliary do (the past form did) is used in making negative and question forms from sentences thathave a verb in simple tenses (the Present Simple, the Past Simple: speak, goes-, asked, went).□ Do you like her new haircut?□ Does anyone have a question?□ Did you see her at the party yesterday?□ He doesn’t have any money.□ She didn’t buy the house.Q u e stio n sI. Questions which can be answered “yes” or “no ” are called GENERAL QUESTIONS.1. If the main verb is the Present Simple or the Past Simple of the verb to be, we put the verb at thebeginning of the sentence, before the subject.□ Are you ready?□ Was it a nice party?2. If the verb group has more than one word (compound tenses), the first word (auxiliary verb) comes atthe beginning of the sentence, before the subject.
The rest of the verb group comes after the subject.When asking a question, we place the modal verb before the subject, too.□ Is he coming?□ Has he been working since morning?□ Can John swim?3.If the verb group consists of only a main verb (simple tenses), we use the auxiliary verb do, does, didat th e b e g in n in g of th e se n te n ce , b e fo re th e su b je ct.After the subject we use the base form of the verb.□ Do the British love sport?□ Does your wife work?140□Did you go out last night?QUESTIONSNOTE:ANDNEGATIVESa) when the main verb is do, you still have to add do, does, did before the subject.□Do they do the work themselves?□ Did you do the “A level” examination last term?b) if the main verb is have, we usually put do, does, did before the subject.□ Does anyone have a question?□Did you have a good time?N e g a tiv e sTo make negative verb forms, we put not after an auxiliary verb or be. If there is no other auxiliary, we use do(d o n ’t, doesn’t, d idn’t).□ That isn’t right.
□It wasn’t raining. □ She can’t sing.□I haven’t forgotten about the appointment. □ She doesn’t eat sweets.i(A) Expand the “what about... ?” phrases tomake yes/no-questions.1.4.He’ll be home for dinner. What about you?5.I never learnt German at school. What about you?6.Nick is here. What about Joe?7.Mother does most of the cooking at home. Whatabout yo u? ............................................................John and Kate are at University.
What about yourkids?......................................................................Jack can dance. What about Henry? Can Henry8.dance?2.I’ve read the newspaper. What about you?3.Pete often goes to the swimming-pool. Whatabout Jane?..........................................................Z(A) Here are some questions. First complete the questions, then match the questions with theanswers.1A. Sorry, I haven’t got a watch.1.......you like living in Moscow?22....... you finished yet?B. Yes, but I don’t like the noise.33....... anyone know Jack’s address?C.
He was at the library a minute ago.44....... you seen Mark?D. No, I’ll be another ten minutes.E. No, I didn’t. I hadn’t got a minute to spare.5....... you know what time it is?56....... you go to the cinema yesterday? F. I do, but I’ve left my address-book at home. 6О1.2.3.4.5.(A) Correct the sentences by making them negative.The Sun goes round the Earth. The Sun doesn’t go round the Earth.Daisies are green...................................................................................................Cats can fly.............................................................................................................Spring will come after autumn..............................................................................The Sun shines when it rains................................................................................141QUESTIONSANDNEGATIVESI I .
When you want someone to give you more information, you ask a “wh” -question, which begins witha “wh’’-word: WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHICH, WHOSE, WHOM, WHY, HOW, HOW MANY/MUCH.Such questions are called SPECIAL QUESTIONS.1.The “wh” -word comes first, then you follow the rules for the general question.□ What is the time, please?□ Why did you do it?□ Where have you been hiding lately?2. When a “wh”-word is the subject of a question, the question word comes first, then the verb group. Youdo not have to add do, does, did as an auxiliary.□ Who is that man over there?□ What happened?□ Who could have done it?3.
You can also use what, which, whose, how m any/m uch with a noun: W hat colour..? W hat siz e ..?How much money..? Whose idea..? Which book..?□ What time does the film start? □ What make is your car? □ How many students were there?4.If there is a preposition, it comes at the end.□ Where does he come from?□ What are you talking about?Questionf WH-WORDWhatWhereWhenWhoAUXILIARY VERBaredoesdid—WordSUBJECTOrderMAIN VERByouhethey—doinglive?arrivesaidOTHER SENTENCE PARTS ^ ihere?in London ?" _________________lEXERCISE1.2.3.4.5.(A, B) Rearrange these phrases to make questions.your homework / finished / yet / have you? - Have you finished your homework yet?French / how well / speak / do y o u ? .............................................................................................................next Friday / will you / at school / b e ? ..........................................................................................................who / next to you / in class / s its ? ................................................................................................................who / next to / do you / in class / s it? ..........................................................................................................Question Tags1.
A question tag is a short phrase that is added to the end of a statement to turn it into a question. These areused to ask someone to confirm or disagree with what you are saying or when you want to sound more polite.2. A question tag consists of a verb and a pronoun. The verb in a question tag is chosen the same way wedo it in a general question.3.
With a positive statement we usually use a negative question tag, ending in - n ’t. With a negativestatement we always use a positive question tag.□ He is very clever, isn’t he?□ You haven’t been to Australia, have you?□ She made a remarkable progress, didn’t she? □ You are not coming tomorrow, are you?142QUESTIONSANDNEGATIVESfSTATEMENTANSWERQUESTION TAGPositiveShe is very busy,You can swim,Peter works hard,Your sister went to London,Negativeisn’t she?can’t you?doesn’t he?didn’t she?Yes,Yes,Yes,Yes,NegativeYou won’t go to Moscow,He hasn’t finished his work,You shouldn’t stay in bed,Positivewill you?has he?should you?No, I w on’t.No, he hasn’t.No, I shouldn’t.1.she is.I can.he does.she did.^DisagreementAgreementNo,No,No,No,she isn’t.I can’t.he doesn’t.she didn’t.Yes, I will.Yes, he has.Yes, I should.,--------------------------------- JWe use it in question tags after anything, everything,nothing, something:□ Something should be done, shouldn’t it?□ Nothing ever pleases her, does it?The negative question tag with / is aren’t:□ I’m no fool, aren’t I?2.
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