01-04-2020-Орловская И.В., Самсонова Л.С. Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов (6-е издание, 2006)(1) (1171846), страница 12

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I want this day tohelp him all his life. Will you please shake hands with him and saysomething that he will remember?»Mr. Edison took the boy's hand. He laid his other hand on thechild's shoulder and looked into his eyes. «My boy», he said, «don'twatch the clock».In 1928 Mr. Edison was eighty-one years old, but he stillworked sixteen hours a day.Text 3CПрочитайте текст. Расскажите по-английски о преимуществах солнеч­ной энергии в качестве источника электричества.Solar Light by NightMost people living in towns consider it a usual thing that streetsare lit at night. But street lights need a power supply (источник54энергии) therefore distant areas with no source of electricity re­main in darkness until the sun comes up again.With new appliances now offered by several British firms, manydistant places could be lit with solar-powered street lights.

It mayseem strange that the lamps can use the power of the sun whichshines by day when the lamps are needed at night, but they work byusing energy accumulated during the day from a solar panel. Thesolar panel produces electricity which charges (заряжать) a bat­tery.

When the sun goes down, the battery power is then used forlighting. Each lamp has its own panel so the system can be used forone individual light or a number of them.In the south of Saudi Arabia a motorway tunnel miles from anypower supply is lit day and night by solar-powered devices. The so­lar panels provide power during the day and charge batteries whichaccumulate enough power to light the tunnel at night. The genera­tion of electricity by batteries is still expensive but the advantage ofsun-powered lamps is that they can bring light to areas distant fromany other power supply.There is one more advantage of solar power: not only it is un­limited, but also its use does not pollute the environment.

That iswhy it is very important to develop devices which make it possibleto transform solar power into mechanical or electric forms of power.Text 3DПрочитайте текст. Найдите информацию о наиболее перспективныхисточниках энергии и об основных отличиях нетрадиционных источниковэнергии от традиционных. Изложите основное содержание текстапо-английски.Non-traditional Renewable Sources of EnergyIt is known that much is being done in the world today for thedevelopment of non-traditional sources of energy. Without themthe Earth cannot support its present population of 5 billion peopleand probably 8 billion people in the 21st century.Now we are using traditional power sources, that is, oil, naturalgas, coal and water power with the consumption of more than 50billion barrels per year.

It is evident that these sources are not un­limited.That is why it is so important to use such renewable sources ofenergy as the sun, wind, geothermal energy and others. Research isbeing carried out in these fields.55One of the most promising (перспективный) research is thedevelopment of power stations with direct transformation of solarenergy into electricity on the basis of photo-effect.

It was Russiathat was the first in the world to develop and test a photoelectricbattery of 32,000 volts and effective area of only 0.5 sq.m., whichmade it possible to concentrate solar radiation. This idea is now be­ing intensively developed in many countries.However, the efficiency of a solar power station is considerablyreduced because of the limited time of its work during the year. Butit is possible to improve the efficiency of solar power stations by de­veloping different combinations of solar power stations and tradi­tional ones — thermal, atomic and hydraulic.

Today someengineers are working at the problem of developing electric powerstations with the use of a thermal-chemical cycle. It will operate onproducts of the transformation of solar energy, whereas the «solar»chemical reactor uses CO2 and water steam of the thermal powerstation. The result is that we have a closed cycle.In Kamchatka there are geothermal power stations operatingon hot water-steam mixture from the depths of about a kilometre.In some projects water will be heated by the warmth of mountainsat a depth of four-five km.It is planned that plants working on the energy of the solar heatprovided by the sun will be built on a larger scale.That different wind energy plants are being developed is alsowell-known.

These energy plants can be small (of several kilowatts)and large powerful systems.It is important that all these advances in developing newsources of energy and improving the old ones help to solve the en­ergy problem as a whole and they do not have negative effects onthe environment.ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯУпражнение 1.

A. Прочитайте следующие словосочетания из текста ЗА ипостарайтесь догадаться о значении выделенных слов и словосочетаний.1. such as lighting2. applications are longstanding3. in the 19th century workshops4. a range of appliances5. devices are based on566. in the case of7. all fields of8. human activityB. Подберите к каждому выделенному в А слову или словосочетанию со­ответствующее ему по значению.a. forb. area or sphereс are built ond.

for a long timeе. а number off. things done by mang. electric lampsh. a small factoryУпражнение 2. A. Прочитайте текст и найдите слова или словосочетания,означающие portable, work, generate, at present.Although most electricity comes from power stations, powercan also be generated by far smaller means. Nowadays, electricitygenerators can be small enough to hold in the hand. A portablegenerator can provide electricity no matter how far you are fromthe mains (сеть). It works by turning the movement of a piston intoelectrical energy. Such a generator can produce a 700 watt output,enough to operate lights, television, and some domestic appliances.Larger versions provide emergency power to hospitals and factories.B.

Найдите в тексте, приведенном в А, слова, означающие:1. method, way2. change, transform3. principal wire to transmit electricity into a building4. house5. to be of no importance6. much, considerably7. situation needing action as soon as possible8. power, energy produced9.

variant, formУпражнение 3. Заполните пропуски следующими словами:electricity increase consumers power use generation reduce consumptionfar users application provide sources energy lightWe hear so much these days of local problems of electricity (1)... Many (2) ... are taking steps to (3) ...

their electricity (4) ... Thisis as a result of the recent (5) ... in electricity tariffs for (6) ... We57should all try to (7) ... less (8) ..., by insulating our houses, turningoff the (9) ... when leaving a room and using less hot water.We must try to develop alternative (10) ... of energy to (11) ...electricity for domestic and industrial (12) ... It is known that nu­clear power comes to the consumer as electricity, which is cleanand convenient form of (13) ... Although nuclear (14) ... stationsare large, they can be built (15) ... from places where people live.Упражнение 4.

Заполните пропуски антонимами выделенных слов.1. Though the capital investment, that is, the initial cost ofbuilding the nuclear power station, is high, the cost of generatingelectricity from a nuclear power station is relatively ....2. There is a limited supply of fossil fuels such as oil, gas andcoal on the earth, but a supply of natural uranium is ... .3. Cheap impure coal produces much more CO2 thancoalof high quality.4. It is evident to all that an old inefficient power station is moredangerous to the environment than apower station.Упражнение 5.

Заполните таблицу на словообразование.VerbNounPersonal nounproducer...operationgenerateactinventconsume...mover...design......transformationregulationindicateУпражнение 6. Составьте возможные словосочетания глаголов из колон­ки А и существительных из колонки В, переведите их и запомните.В1. carry out (conduct)а. а problem2. solve (face, work at, deal with) b. changes3. becomeс a success584. suffer from5. bring about6.

have7. make8. develop9. take10. achieved. an effect one. measuresf. study, research, experimen­tal workg. the center of, a part ofh. investmentsi. a program, concept, theoryj . noise, pollutionУпражнение 7. Составьте, переведите и запомните словосочетания гла­гола become со следующими словами:popular, universal, international, possible, important, better,worse, polluted, worried, interested in.Упражнение 8.

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