Невдяев Л.М., Смирнов А.А. Персональная спутниковая связь (1152060), страница 19
Текст из файла (страница 19)
` "W%)HP$ %Iridium " )$$ X ) ' $) $ :)#$ /%' W"/112 ()$)%$/ IridiumW/% /) ) /"P# $ )$);i`-!.i-))HH/%$/G ''W" /SIM)."*/% *(')'' 5-('P# %(P )() W"/')G ' $ % $ # ./>AW< W>4T<>?84W4 4;451U18.B. `" '$ ()$$/ Iridium#" )/%%'( ",/'/G' $ $(. ,'"G' (GH G, "'%)H$0)'.W $H# % $ ( ,/%) ,%'()* 0)#' 20,(")#"%H ".' $H)) '#H)#%%'(.161<=61/<X.B 53945<.GG ' # G' " %0/%$$H ,$0),("' )H'(PH0),).=16V<8.1 53945<. `"( '/,%G ''G ' # "( $ ' (.
`' ($$"$. ', ), $ P# %' (, $ (#' " %,H /'/"($ ,' H 0'/G).V.=<8.1 53945<.$0""$ ( )/H)#G ' # $. ( '/H$' $",'* , ' (G ' # "./.>18.1 53945<.$ (,'$# $)%$0,"'$ ("P)$,'" , H)%G '" '" (# % $ ('' 20 * 0'%0)).<;610 574=BU.7 . ./74=BU.7 9548:45.'#H'./%$ "Iridium#H"/G$/ Iridium. ` " " )%' ( %%' P)$$/ Iridium/G$)X'' /G )G, ' /G )G$' /G0/G.' $$ ' %% Iridium, GSMIS-41,( ) )15 * 0 ),HH$'$ D (/$)$ Iridium).текаБГУИР$Библио11.5.11.5.1./%'",'$/%$ $%- W" )/%/%'/ . - %'"'P '$/: Inmarsat-DIridium."/"/$ "$$ # P*/G$( %'(),)G$/$%'($ (# /).(' %$' P$ ' 0 *%'(,) P#$($'$)%$/. )r $'$/G)#%'( ' %P# G$:• * 0)#: 32(Inmarsat), 20(Iridium);• )-* 0)#: 128 $(Inmarsat), 200 $(Iridium);•H' H '/G ($ ," 0 ): 400 $(Inmarsat).$ $ ()/'#$ %%'( " %. S " 0 H(/X' %P# %%'( "%$ ( )/P)/$.$ ($/() ($ %G 'P) $'(P) %H.
$ " X).$ ')#%' " P' )%"%%$ ""$.(/'"*" )"%'( "$ G%%:. ., . .•/$0 /$$ H' %' %P# G%'( " /G* P(;/% /H*(,/ / P# % ) ) (W %*' ('$ (/$$ );H/%.%%'( "%()H) 'H"*%'( "%$ %.$ H)/%'"/)H0P()%'( " .0/$)$,,* P(, )$ ($)')#./,'P#" " )"%'( "H/G"G (G)," X,/$) '$'' H '/G".H)/' " %"' (0 $)W $".' " $/%%'( " /%$ IridiumPH) :)#, " ), "% /)$,'* P)# %,/)#%$ ,)#H /% #)"H /,($ (' H "")#.$ (' H)#% '$"(' 10Iridium),H$('. '$" W $HH.$ G' H '/G)/$ .`/)$" $ X$ (X)%*.$ #'$) ($ "'/% $ $""$$,/%' ()#.'W G $')#).'/G%,/G$ ('$ %%'( "%() , $ ()/)H' 'H*($ % '$($ G W/$H /$# $)).аБГУИР%•'G '$ G $ (•$ % /)( $W00' H'/Gек11.5.2.P%P,, )H)/G) $ /G. - , )r $ ' "H")#,", ) '$50 ) % (' 2,4 ) / ),)#% (0 $' H ' /G%HБиблиотH/GP# " 3-$$($' % )r $ ' "/1 ) % .( $/' H ' /G$ Glittle LEO big LEO$ " $ G ' /, G$ P/H .) G$ G#H' H ' /G$% '%)#P' H2,4 ' 9,6 ) /P X )'G ( 10-5-10-6.' $($ (' HG/G)#%,()#%$(' ( /G)r./$/ IridiumH P)/%0 /%$'' H ' /GSIMIridium.
w()$/ GSM,GP% #P# % $%SIMGSM.!/, )XHG$' H '/G' H ,$( ',H /%' ( .) . 11.4P,)' ($P$"'$/G"'.(' / ( $/,$/$ G' H '/G.1V.2 ;161=<S. :4640:.7 . /0<0A/837 /44TU18.@( $' HG/G)# %'/Glittle LEO.' % )r $ ' "") . 11.4).)( $GX( ) %0 $ *% H%)#.''PG$) /, '% H.G%' H '/G$ *W G/G./$G' H64-128 ) % ( $.)#%( ) % H)#H$/G$$)H%)#)#$' H '/GG' % )r $')#,) %( '64-128 (8(%(%'( "|,0H0 %( )$)"/)#))'"$ )$ '/G ( ( $)/G))30 (5(little LEO$,$%))'5(0,5 (323052005-1530100-100003015000-1500030150 (' H )50·103 ($))58-10 (5000 ($)' H )-(%),)-'''''-$$H$$H$$H$$HР!)'$$H,БГУИ<T>.X< 11.4.
')#0,5P'0,5'тека":/0618831 . <5<6.@831 /44TU18.B' %)( /G' H$ G' H ')(),' P# G% /W//GH/H % /G* %.$ ( /')"* W•'/G'' H/G)#%;•' H W/G)#%$)# "P ) )#"%*('0%" W%$ "$ $ X )$*/G'W"P/$ )$*(."*($(P )/% *() W)G ' $ % $ # ./G)#.)/'"%% /GБиблио. .H,$$H,H:WX--,-H,//'161=<S< ^<:/.2.>?837 /44TU18.@HG$ G%' $( $$/$)#$P 2,4 ) /$ 0$"/ 3.W G *%)$$)/H' $$ ()/' PHX % 0$/%. - $)G$0$/)#,/)$ ($" $$W'. •0$")#H' PHX " 0H P# "%.$ Iridium 0$)#// / P# %$ 0)G" " H$ # ".%'()#H$"$ 0,H "$'0$/%Iridium$ P ,0 /$$ Iridium./)/$/ IridiumH/%$'" 0$%SIMIridium. w ($ /G% GSM IS-41, 'G% '"' $.T46 =<8837 40 814T/>AV.5<1237 =<0S.:45.
' H)'/G)($/G ' H$/X" $"( P# %'/. ,H /$ *$H /$/,$" H, " 0H% $ H.P) %")r'%' HP.$$")P# %)$/G,0,$ ((P)) /-'$$H )/%0)/) /%*%$ " G$ G$/ $ "'$ , W" H, " 'G)G ' $ $-, . .S'#0)Р"G%'"%* %,'X /,(/) (,/$/.$) P"$"(%"'$ %$$ .(' $'/$) P# G$,$%) /)r $'$ % 0 $ * .S " 0 H($ /G* %,"P# G "//,()/$, H )/ P) %' ( /%*/%$G ')# %'' $G)/ ' % "%* %.S%$/$/H$,) $ " 'G (',(, )/G$'.)( $$"'/G'H$ ) ($/G )r' HP G.$//$/.%VSAT,"*$/0 /" $$400 S* (*/G$ G#$)$ G/T,'()) . 11.5.X$ 0,6-2 $/SG$G/ ($P'$ )!H/'/$/G$ G%%0%)/G ' % $ #P 0,25-0,6$//G ' % $ #P 2-5./$ )/$/) P'$/little LEO)1,5 ' 2,5 SS* ($//)//.а' )$БГУИ11.6./ H,%, ,),%*/$/$ $ #' 5 .P/$ )/' $ ('' /$G H150 'big LEO), H-Библиотек3T46 2104=< 24=A>BX..
. :4=.645<8.B$ G%%W" H%*"HG "G",G "", H'P# $ 0$/)$ ' $ ' *'0 $ * .X/G( $ G) /'%1P-W00/'/$ ' * , )H P# ,' %/, $$// W"' H0 $ *) $/$ H$ ,' " %/, W00/' %/ H.' % 0)( /$$ G " )%,))HW$ "%$$'$"$ /GG."H% W"'% $ P$ #'/ $ ' * , /)H P/P$ G%H:'0$*(QPSK),'OQPSK, "$*$$/$ ' " $ GMSK.)XH'0$*QPSK,)H'PP W002 ) / • S*.HG H%*QPSK()' H/$,)H)P* P $ ' $ . ,)'P# $/)$ ' $ ' *$ G Iridium, Inmarsat' " G ( $. ) .11.5).*$ ' $'H /("H, )/ ) X %H%$%'HP.W $ ,$*/G $ '$*'"' " ,/ " /X$QPSK(H/$. ! $" ,)!' H,) P# G( $"H , $ (/)/G"$ " 0% $ ' * %,'/G 0$ .1$'* ,i$#' /`-$"!H/'%'"! (.i( $PH,)//G 0%), $*'/ H0 /* )."%<T>.X< 11.5.$$// GH$/"!))*G' H ,/%/$'(W*,'n' H )H%//G,G/T,/'n/!)ACeSL2,4-9,6GMSK-/0,6AMSCL/Ku2,4QPSK (2,4)8PSK (4,8)12-26/--22ArchimedesL4,8 ($9,6 (" )OQPSK7/0,5-22,5Euteltracs(Omnitracs)Ku0,055-0,165 (4,96-14,88 (Inmarsat-BInmarsat-MInmarsat-CL64 (24 - H )9,6 (8 - H )0,6 (' / )MSATL2,4OptusL6,6 (4,2 -ProdatL0,6 (1,5 (' H )$)Celestri-LEO!EllipsoL/S4,8 (4,15 -GlobalstarL/S' 9,6 (2,4 -ICOSIridiumLOdysseyL/STeledesic!"S*- 1""S*"' 1 SS*-/-18OQPSKBPSK13/--24QPSK48,5-60,7/539,8-52/533,2-39/2019.515,16,5H )-23,82,44,8 (4,2 - H )64 ( */%)16...
2048 (' H )28000/64000 ($)QPSK-/5,9-23,8QPSK-/0,5 (5 ($ ))QPSK-/0,01-4,72,72,4-9,6 (9,6-64 (1,2-9,619,2BPSK-/10-23,5GMSK-/5-10-241 SS*2,4 (4,8 (Starsys1 SS*0,6Vitasat1 SS*2,4-9,60QPSK-/0,25Orbcomm"-22QPSK1 SS*'12-26/-2,4-9,6Leo-One(QPSK (2,4)8PSK (4,8)-0,7/0,6 (3 ($ ))1 SS*)'H )"' H)$)9,62,4-9,6 (24 ($)'HI-4-10-12-23QPSK(OQPSK)GemnetW $33/27/12-14/--/0,25-1 (' 5 ($ ))1 SS*,QPSKQPSKBPSKGт1 SS*/'QPSK(OQPSK)FaisatH)/БГУИH )'//G2048/1638410000/16384' 51 840QPSKBPSKР' H )$)аG)ек!)4,8Библио$/4,8%0.$"Q*),-22)-23,1//'/OQPSK//'/'/-/5,0/BPSK/'/'FSK/AFSK/'/'SDPSKH-25,4-21GMSK(9,6)OQPSK(19,2)/' H )$)%,'' H))'(" $ (OQPSK),.
.'$, . .%"#"-P//$/$"$ ( . 11.3). ! W00 "` $ (H0 ' 1.$$`H$,'' $ ')HX ) $', H')X $$%* .W $W00 *`/)'G`=0,35 ('IS-54) ' `= 0,7.G ')G ' $$ (/G $ G H/%$ ('$ ]F ' ('P ]F> (1+`)/T,"'-'0 $ *"$./"", H(H (". 11.3. l $ $/$"$(` = 0,5)) 'H/$,W " H(W00OQPSK - 1,5 ) / ·S*)..$$%H/'H /GH% "H$''. 11.4.' , H$"H,'H$" .'%' $ ' *HHX ) $"*'H( .!(",$ G$* %'"' "H/ * )"$/$$)/ /$' $"H.)/)//GP# G (*-4f ))H$*$$/$' " $(MSK).#)X %("HG '%0 $ */%H0"% G%. 'MSKH"% $*,.
11.4.OQPSK ' `=0,5$$/$ ' " $ (GMSK).(fc - H")$, H ' /% '$*PQPSK $)PP W00(¡ 0,7 ) / • S*), ')H,$$ $,' )%"H,'-БиблиотекаБГУИР%/$*$W00 */%i`-!.iH, )' HH$ "%$$$ GMSK')W.-"/GP# GP' H0 $ *(ACeS, Faisat, "S*").,00" ( GMSKH /$%/(-X""0P 3 'n, - - ' ' "$). . $0 $/""$$%/ . 11.5.. $ $, H$/$/"H /'.. 11.5'""$"HH %c= 5-, . .$% ' "±2,5 -.MSKGMSK" $"' "H/'.
11.6. `$ X$%/ -,'%/, ') $/$, ',' " %/, W'(P$ G%H.!',- /)'G0,2'0,3(/)% - = 0,3./)$$/G $ ''$ ' *' $PH /G)G$.)XH$ '/$ G%H"',/H /G' .- ,H /%' ' % %)/H(r=1/2, k=7)H' $' $'/ "/X W"$4,5 'n.$/$ '/' 'HW00/H % $ GX ).$ (H$ X P# G", ,) P# G$ ( 'H,'( 'X ) .) )/$X )$ (G '%0 $ * ./G%' H0 $ **P# G''%.)H%H /G/ -а$ GMSK $HG$0,25).'GSM$БиблиоHтек.
11.5. lБГУИРG,./. 11.6.MSKGMSK'6<5818.1 e816W10.S1/:.7 7<6<:016./0.: <T48180/:.7 0162.8<>45 /./012;16/48<>?84@ 6<=.401>1^4884@ /5B9.#$/ 4)/G" )/G$%G' G ) G - Iridium, Globalstar (LEO), Odyssey ICO (MEO), a( 2$%"*%) : Tritium-G (GEO-G) )$ # PG !Tritium-R (GEO-R) "./ W" HG'0/G$W G$' /) .
11.6.<T>.X< 11.6./ W$"%HG'%0<.21845<8.1 /./0123IridiumGlobalstar Odyssey.<;<9483 S</040, X.8.B " 12>B-/;A08.:".8.. "/;A08.:- 12>B"1,61-1,631,61-1,631,61-1,63 1,61-1,63 1,98-2,012,48-2,5 2,48-2,5 2,17-2,210,516,5+.6.8< ;4>4/3 S</040 :<8<><,: X50,0:464/0? ;161=<S. 8< 81/AUAn,:T.0//$GEO-GGEO-R2,02,21,51,6БГУИX16,53030341250,067,425,220,027,0502,194.8363245374=8<B 24U84/0?, 0 (A/61=.)0,450,50,80,250,6250,5374=8<B 24U84/0?, 0 (842.8.)3,60,55,04,04e^^.X.180 A/.>18.B <801883,= .1,02,6"/61=811, =0-3,1-0,7";.:4541, =05,90,81,61,71,71,70,5-1,0-1,0-2,0-0,70,56,88,07,024,624,725,525,525,5а+.6.8< ;4>4/3 S</040,ICO/GР"24,8G/T, = /-23,8-22,0-23,1-23,8-23,8-23,82,42,44,84,0 (6,0)2,4 (4,0)4,0 (5,6)5,554,25,25,45,11/33/41/33/5ек+A245<B 012;16<0A6<, = • W6<=:464/0? ;161=<S.
61S., :T.0//4=.645<8.1 (FEC :4=)тEb/No =>B 61S.6084j18.1 /.W8<> ;4217< C/I;4 T4:4532 >1;1/0:<2, =<;</ 5 >.8.. "55167", =<;</ 5 >.8.. "58.9", =3/410-610-510-55-105-10-6188/8/1513,21515,713671015,7164,5577105-10-Библио164B084/0? 4j.T:. ;6. ;161=<S1 =<88373/4612.""(12.1.0%)%" $" * P'" *G%"/ GG*/G%.!// , )H)"W00" ' (/G'G 0:," *) P'.'"$ (")$0 $ * % $ ('' ( /$ )r$'H$() %,H P# %)' (." *- WH''' ( ")r. ,*,) P'PH%" *%0 $ *') (# "()r(W%$ X"' (./0 *P/$('*/G/G "$ )/$('( /$$,"*' X /$ ' ($) H)' G '.#$$$H' ( /G )r,/$) P'" *")H,P#'G'/,' "$ / ' (. - ,'90-G " ' $%H /1 $ .' ( /G )r,/$)'$(0%.
! 2000 ". GH' 2,5 $ .,H $G H ,% % $,/ H)%" */G" ) 'G 'l.'"$'" *$PH'/G(', $* . '$ $" )/G" */G' ,$ H/G,"*/G)% #X. G H#/X//X * 0 /."/"" *)G ' $/ 'G'$ )" , ('(" ,$"" ('%* .''$/%/G, $$%% ('екаБГУИР'XБиблиот/845831 :<01W46.. ;4>?945<01>1@ 8<5.W<X.48837 . /5B9837 A/>AW#$ $ (/'H /G"%G/G, $G*/G%,/H$") ($ (/$ "$$ / :•/;• '/"/,%$ X/$' $;• $' (,PH" * P'" G'G"' ;• )H" */$'$''";• ' (G, '/G, $/G/G %G;•" *('( $,/X' ( ' )" /),$G ('"";•/" )" *)H" ('%* ;•" *' $ /G ' , /), '/G' ;• )H'H /G() H/H % /G* G(/()/,()/% $ # ,$* , ().)H'G)" )/G" */G$GPS/", $ P# G " )P) H PP# G''$(P)$P) $ $.
$ .$ (' "' /G)(*/$)$/", ..' (' $"P,',)G ' $/"'P$($$ X'.$/$ ' ($/$/" *$ "''/G.. ., . .,G-екаБГУИР''/%% )P" /G$" * . n " '/$$ $, W/$$,0 $ *%()'('G'" G, $ (" ("' G $ "%H /$' .$ # P"%%$/" *$ (X' HG ('""".)( P" P/'%" )%" *% $, '/G' '/G%G, "'' " G '" *%'.)('( "P" * P $ ('"%' H '/G$G ('' ,$' ( W/GG. •'( /%H))/$, H $$ )/%,',)G ' $' H W%0 $ *' ,$,XX/G* G. .'( //))H" 0 $ ' (' ,)G ('" 0 H( /G $G(G ' .)*$"/G$ " )%" *$- )H)$. H /$$$$/G ",P H' , G $ HG $0',)X P."" '$$ ()/)/ ) ( ,)/ 'H$()/)/$"//) /.', H' $$H'/$ "$ ,$ 7500, " 'H%$$ "0,3% " '.#$' /' /'" *' G/G ' G'" * ,'* .'$ (P'')G ' $/P' %H/H % /G* G, '$ XHG "'/GX,'$ " * (/G.' ' " G )% $ (/'' H'$'" ' HG"" HG /G,''', ' " ' .Библиот><//.^.:<X.B /./012 8<5.W<X..'$()r$ ($H / $ '/" * .'" */G$ () $), H $ 60PPP./(#, ' ")( H $'GP'*%" * .
!0 *#P# G/G " )/G$" *'. 12.1.$/ " )%" *$ ")/'/"/:/" */$/ (),$ /'"G'" ' %$/" * ,/)/G $ " HG ! .$/ /) /,P H' ,'P"/: "*/ ($ GNSS),'///%) /' 20/ $ ($/ GPS"S"))//%) /' 1000 $($/ Transit "| ' ").$'$/G H( ww)$/" *$ " )$ ")/'/'"/:G'" ' %$ /$ )$* % (Omega, "0 ")'" ' %(Loran-C,Decca, "w % ")./X/$/ )HP'$)H/G)%.'$, H*/ " )/" */$/, ) ' H$ $ ' % "H,' (/$' $$G, H/ / '/(G" ('$)$ .