Tyukavkina_Organicheskaya_khimia_kniga2 (1125796), страница 8

Просмтор этого файла доступен только зарегистрированным пользователям. Но у нас супер быстрая регистрация: достаточно только электронной почты!

Текст из файла (страница 8)

& $ &*0@+? 0@4)I)Jα4Q!%#*\U[[K\6K)==, ;KR/1???%^T9$9$A9$9$9$99$09$09$9$A9$99$99$:9$0@$M@$LS$LM$MS$:S$:S$@S$LS$:S$9@A$:S$9S$@@A$0S$0S$@@A$M= 9$@9$93=K9$9@$M9$9@M0!(!!*&(33'"#QM$:$A8$0:$A:$A8$L:$@:$A8$M:$8$L8$L8$:8$S8$88$AS$MS$L$S0$$A$9S$AS$9S$A@9$8:$A@A$08@A$ML$:S$M@A$@2062860o2_1.fm Page 185 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM/ % *'$ $ + jc & &8$A8$L*0@+,)&'#*980@+$"' *j6 E@9+ & %$ *j6@9+%> % *Q +$ #" 2 & ' & & $ &" &"j;!/j6 $ &"  U776U6U636H6e6j;9$ U776U77U636U6H6e6j;S$L 36jc:$AU77U6U6369!$!QK+3""!!"!!:@*0' !"!! '3#!( !+ % % .!$!2 Q! "0"1%#;!:(33*)( ) 9$ * 0@+ / j6 %'$)'/j6)"'!" L@"%" FpH@M82062860o2_1.fm Page 186 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM & # '%9!$!QK+3""!!'3#!(!0' !"!!!!!:@*+% % .!$!2Q!3!1!!:!(33*)()S$L*0@+>I J#j;!@j;!9*0@+()' j;!@ j;!9 & ?$ jcG@‰9*9$eS$L+G:$A/ )' &$)'"&/j6#jc%'# $j6$jc$%' " - ) )%/,4,>) ' $ & & & &'%;%&' * Q +$ & j;!$)U77U776U636U6U776U6H6e6U7736e6U6j;9$@α' U776U776H6U6U7736U6U6e6U6U77j;$S U776jc $AH6j;S$M 3636U77N) ' j;!@j;!9j6#L*0@+/ % j6 *$ j6 L$L$8+ )%$ > #'$ %'0, , > ) $&" 2 '# $ & $',' %$ # &" $ & ) & j;!$ ),'@M:2062860o2_1.fm Page 187 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM)$ ' j;!9 j;!$ " j6$ jcGS$MU77U776U6363636e6*U6+j;9$9 U77636*U6+U6H6U77U6H636e6*U6+j;S$Aα' 3636U77U6H6e636*U6+36j;@A$8 36jc S$M, $ " &,' * + $ &"%;4,$ )'&α'$&' # F$ , "IJ #" α'//&#'N&"$'#1&'$% $ & V $ &""$&-') U664}U6U6U776363U36*U6+U6U776367/$ ' $#""/' # $ &" # & #%"!R !α'&$) ' "% *09@+41 -' "α'@ML2062860o2_1.fm Page 188 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM )'!% ) f$t'/'% ^α' '$) 1 &% &  & & $ .

t' $' % ^ # *76' +$#369' ' f' *099+1X$=+$α't'' & =+% &$ f'  X+% & * +?$*=+'$$## t'$)*X+'f'/% ^)U6U6BU6U77663U776U77666U6*U6+U6 36'$*=+'36U6*U6+'$*X+', t' &X+% &$ f'' =+% &$ U6946' U77641;#*U'9U'+( "'$&")? ' , t' =+% ( ) t' f'K&)&& )$ ? $ &t't'$f'f'$#t'f'$f't'.U77663U66616'*9=$=+'@MM.U7766636U616'*9X$X+'U7766366U616'*9=$X+'U7766U636616'*9X$=+'2062860o2_1.fm Page 189 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM; 't'$ U'9=+$U'X+'% &U7766 366761 6 '*9=$X+'U7766673661 6 '*9X$=+'U7766 36766U776661 6'*9=$=+'36761 6 '*9X$X+'N $ ) " 2t'f'$'# %$ ' * 098+ , #t' . & & $ *0@+U7766 366U776636U7766 361616164444441636U776'6 3166U776'6 3166U776%! / 4 /, " &α''$#" t' ,$ #$"t'$' ; I#J# ' % * 00@+ ! % $ &"#/"& "'1?$' 98 °1j6L 0$/# "#$' @8A.&'$&$, " & t',) # ( ' "&t' #*989$98@+@MS2062860o2_1.fm Page 190 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM!f' #$"#$&' -$ f'  =$f'%1$f''$ f'f,' f' f' *α' f' '+?"%'#.α' &' & ) & !# #& &',$t'$& N*$$$$$%'$$%+ & f'$' t' .

$ &" $&P' $"$ &" '%. N f' $ t' $) t' & &" , & t'$'&% &/$#" f'$ f''R &t'$ ' $' &*98@+#%#;$ & 8&(4/%#'α'' ? % &%/%&%'% $#% & > E+'$ $$ 0+'$%% "(" , * 00@+ #B4/@4$ ' 6763U6U6*U6+U6U77676368'@SA36U7760'2062860o2_1.fm Page 191 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM "%' 1* @+$&'"%/ U & $ " $ ' ;)'0 ,1 / ' $ % ? " &#'Q # & '""'&T %6464U6U6e36U6U6U7764U6U6U77636U7764U6U636U77636( %#*$ +( IJ %$ '2 $ $ #" $ & %%'&$" &#)%, ' "%%7%%U67636U6UU6%%3677U67a7676U#)%! %% # '$$"1 '$%%)' %% '' $P@S@2062860o2_1.fm Page 192 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM#4)!$$$$$' & *0++, &"$$ ='*@L09+63U6U776U63363U6U6U776*U6+U636U6'0 '/ .

% & ,' # 0 #U[9e "&,0' ' %$ & o$&"@$0'%*@M0S+(%) *$ +#& $$&' &UU6U6U7736 UU6367U67U77U6U6U77UU6367U77U6U6 U[U774, #IJ$*I'J+ α'$ $ $ & !&$#$'$$' R ) & & ' & $ # & !3!(!!*& α1!"%# $% !0#2'% 0#." %"1!'% %3!(!!*α1!"%#)6/$&"0+$$$ $#''@S92062860o2_1.fm Page 193 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM1%$' # $ $ &" ' ') $$$'| *>K!5W8! K73#!9W! t+ / #$ " %R $&' #63U6U77663U6U776U6hU37U6U663U773[U6U7766377 = &AIJα'$&'" $' & $ % 41$#"$ # dJW'%W!3!4W$!o{vup"'. #$ &$'$# '&L4*%40/,$&"*e!'C4:97K344+$#$L4*#4(,$ #*E:8W373344+$% 63U6U6U77663U6U6U77663U6=U6U633U77663'*@'+U6U67U776% '*9'% +1 & L$@4(4 *;391,$ # $## *+''$$$#^ $ ' % " #$ @S2062860o2_1.fm Page 194 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM *+$&63U6U77663U6U776U663U676U77663U6W7676U6U6U776U6WW7W7(!^=WW76W76(α'$ '$ U'0 , % *a%JCG 344+ # @44$ @444@44@4$#@44$&"$'& 63U6U77663U6U6U77663U6U6U6U776U776U676U6U776 U6U6U7760'' 0'' 6363U6U776U667UU6U776U6U6UU776U6U7760''0'' 0'' >IJα'$($# / *$'+$ #' $& D' &")'#( &f'U664U6U636@S0U77664UU6U776U6 362062860o2_1.fm Page 195 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM?( & '$) &#"'*0A9+674U6U776U667436U6U776' HU7U6U636 %674U636' HU7674U6 U636 -IJα'& ?$ &" % & *' &+'#"% $ %=+ U6U6U674U67U776U6U6U6U63644U6U6U6>#"α'$&" ' &&$$ $ $#$#"&" K' 0+ & $ '$#" #4U6 U6U776U6 U636614U6 U6364U776U776U6 U636U776361 IJ&$' &"=+"164U6U6U636U77664U6U6U6U77636@S82062860o2_1.fm Page 196 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM, &" & ='' % $ $ , # ' & (*Q,/&$c*7J#73 +$ $ " & % $ '& # $ &" # # ' ,#c $$'$ $#$$#U64U6U6U6U776 U_U64}U6U636U776U636c6#D #'& #$ ""$&$',# & α' & 3 & &&I 'J'*IJ+,' ' 37 ! # $ &" $'"$> $ #" 1 & $ $>' %=8!4%:JC#C##73!79&73'?3#%&9W#%W!#CJW63U663U776*U6+U6 36U6U77663*U6+U3636U6 36 U6U776*U6+U736U6 3663U6U776*U6+736U3636O$&" '$ #$',#@4R$&'"$ '#%=)%%*'''' +$ # α'$β' @S:2062860o2_1.fm Page 197 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM>*EC5I!JJ!9W!K!f!JW3t+' $ I J *aCJ:'C5!87K 344+$ /44#4 $ &" $ $#1776361636360'36 17761776361776'9'α' "β' 36U776,α'$9AA!&' "$ & &" R'&$'& ! & & '' $ ' " # V $ &I #J-α''&IJα', # $ $ $ % $%' 'α'#%%@A R"α'*'$ + "& "& %'$%%%: *, O & α'' α' % '%*+$#'%% /%% &" # )%%# %%'d:&IJ , α' α''@SL2062860o2_1.fm Page 198 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM / # # α' "' α'677UU6U6α'U776e677UU6U636U7767' " α'677UUee %%U6U6Uα'U776e677UU6U776U6367'α' ,'' 2• α' %% α'' %%V• α'%% α'' %%*%%a79H' a +a7U61677636U6%%a7U6α'e 63%%7U6α'UU776U61776" 7636' e 7U6aU776*U6+1776U6367636U6e 7U6%%a7U6α'U6361636776U6%%UU776*U6+1776α' α'e 63U6U776U61776',# ) &*C%%+*@M0+, & α'$ & $ $ ) $ $ α' &"  $ " α' 1"& 'α' "# ' /$%$'$%'@SM2062860o2_1.fm Page 199 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM$ ) # ')- &' d:'V $ ) $ '%%*$+;O$ ' α' ' $  "&%*980@+,' %%$ &" 'h677UU636α'e%%hU636eU7,# $ α'$09R&%$$&#%Q #$'$ $ $ ## K '$#*=&#!J&#C95787K+$#'$$*:C3#:!K73344+' # R & &'$#?$' &  * 4789&3#&9& &"+*#!$!I&9C373  +'$ $ $ # '#!$'&" V$ ' ##' $ &" O->;/ ! α' 'α' * 980@+ , ' α'α$β'"! α' '$α$β'"0O "/  *+  % % -=(e & α', %"'α' &α', %-=(-'@SS2062860o2_1.fm Page 200 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM? 09 I)J!"%#A'"'"0"%# !(#; (!.=677UU6U636 677UU6U6U636β'γ'*=R>+63U6U6363>%=$?R63=36*U6+36U36K!1??63*U6+3663*U6+36 67U6U63667U6*U6+U63667U6U636/ / / >%%>d?$&""U6U636?%?36U6U636678'%36, #&"T9AA64U6U636>%=2062860o2_1.fm Page 201 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PMα'α'-' 36677UU6U6U6U776' 36-=(-=(-$6 677UU6U6U776 U67367677UU6U6U776Uα' Q α' $ $ "*+,α'' &α' '$ $' &! ! α$β'" ' )$ " $ ' α'/%)3636U6U6U77636U63%U6U776e3636#1, 0+ ''$'(# $' =+*@L09+R'' ##/' *'+&.D!* #2% 1! 3'% #2 %0: !%#12@%'!!:+%',-&"0"%#;!2(33$ $1!*:.+!('$!**%*#"%#')Q$'α'-$*+' $ ( * %+  *?9:8%9W5!%:4!4%C973+$*+'*=8!#%:3344+*U6+3U6U6363U77*U6+3U6U77U636%3U77U6 U69A@2062860o2_1.fm Page 202 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM-IJ*d&8!I7J'!9W3t+$#) $ , # I"J $ #"*U6+3U6U676Y7Z*U6+3U6U77! &"α'' % &"63U6U776U6U_Y*U6+3U6U776ZU_ d[U7*U6+3U6U77#1 O0+ ' uv Žuxl{$ & " * 980@+ , 0+ # *0+?$0+ ?#&"% ' # 7U776e63U6U776%U36U6U776e67 ,0+'.

#"0+$#"'*0A9+=$#"#$ 0+ ' 0+ $ & )/=,/ $ α'$"$' $ )  $#"β'#)'$"$#"β'# & >$%'$$'%$R) ' 9A92062860o2_1.fm Page 203 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM#%(7A ( # α'$ α' -)$'$' $ % $#*980@+,) %"'$#$'α'. # #' *$ %+ *%+ " )% " ?$ #/"# $ % ' 67637$8U6U6U7766736U6U6U7767 336#U6U6U77 3677336$6736#/ ##'$#'#$ !/I).%'#"*+$ %' $ &""'-$# %$ &" % 1 $ &" "$ 64U6U6U776 3[76$836U6UU773[e3[4e3673[4e*U6U77+a\ %a\4↓e9U6U773[ %9A2062860o2_1.fm Page 204 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PMR % & '$&" "#U64U6U6 U6U776 673[76$836U6U6 U6 U776eU643[e3[4e36 eU67676U643[e3[4e6U_U646e64e3[U_ 4 ! R) &% ?% #& & '% 5+*2F++&'% *2 ,+ / '$#"#-#' #& $%%' 6La*r{97L+: k 697 % *M''8$L''%'9' %+,%'# ! # # # & α'% * M'+ 3[7dl*2S+#%"&$8,%α'&$ &' &4, & & ' @AA@8A °1@AH0@AH8/! %α'U U776*α'+α'U h*β'+hβU6αU77636/ α' " U776 $ β') h α'263U6h9A0U776H177663U6hYrH08Z63U6h2062860o2_1.fm Page 205 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM!" L@"#" R'β'263U6U776 63HhU6U776K‰`L0h63U6U776, ' α' && $ &"#" "' ( % -$ ' * 09+$ ' % 693e U6 U776 *K‰` L0+ 693e U6 U6*76+ U6*K‰`L0+$&&"*K‰`L88L+'$ &" R'K%% ' >$' & Yr H 697Ze *K‰` @A@+ Yr HU6Ze*K‰`@A0+6U67166U77UU763666e1661617676UU7636 $K‰`@@S637K‰`L8H67631617K‰`8LR' '9A82062860o2_1.fm Page 206 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM84" ,;>'α' ' &"8AA9AAH@$ '3 6 *9@L+$'&"ALA H@$$ & ' $ 3 6 .&# / ' #&' 3 6$ /$ ' &"3 6 36e$ AAA9AAA H@$ & "9L:A98A H@ 9@0A9AMA H@ > $ ;>' # 36e @:AA@8AAH@$%3 6N &' ' " @:AA@8:A H@$ # '# & /" ) $ ,#"@L9A@LAAH@$ νUG7 N"'@AA H@$ &"U 3;>' $ '$&% & &6 S&! %G 1 α' α''|RO @6# 2$80$0/) # !β' ' ?$ β'U%&@$A9$9 ,*$@$8 +&' β'U()' β'U $ #" ) β' $&"2 ' $S $ 0$ O&β'U ,) &')' β'U *9$S + & *9$@ +α'=$&" $' &*U6+$*U69+*U6+ '&L 9A:2062860o2_1.fm Page 207 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PMT,'α'"&$N^''"&$&%'*%+*%+'*0+? 0 U944]+JKU^α1!1"%##! #!*λ+!?%^]+J6_[KH"%!"ε+#`#;`%#! #!*λ+!H"%!"ε+#`#;`% 8AA888A08A--@S8--M9AA@0A90A9S$8@@ A8A9A9@M9LM9ML$898L$8-90A9LA?999L8,"N^'& "*)%%+'#%,)9L8 '##%)&&$,R$&α''5# " ! $#"@AA* @A +$@AA*' @A+! % # ' &"2763U6U776e636hU6U776ee636U6763U6hU76hh0+U736U6Uh736U6UH*5H@+67S+76h*+ T &"*+ RU6' =' '9AL2062860o2_1.fm Page 208 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM& 0+$ ' E+( # .+22."$#" O ""' *WW+*Ui470+$) '%$' $ *9AL9+R " 80A8:A$) ' '$"/ " #%7 '=)'"α'!&' &"2• V• %/= & '% " " * 9A8+ # /& % '' %"') / +/+ - ' & $ $ $ $ '&"Rα' "$) "&*z9An'+ * %+ @@A °190 ,)%$ "& & &763U6U736U6U36U6U6U776e6367$6H36U6U776e63U6%9AMU776U6U73663U6U6U776U6U776%%2062860o2_1.fm Page 209 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM-α'$%$ & * % 9M90+$ )%' %U6476- $ $ #&'!//4(' &%1&./+1$ B -#'% # %$#'% % j6 1 )& & $ #" % $ 2'$(' *980@+/' ")&$ &&&//(,.‡"'%'%$% $''BB L2 2 $ " &% &"$'"& % & # ' 1 & ' % &" '*W+$&" %"/,.‡'6337U7*W+737161776j6 SH67h7I% J6363U3e 63716hIJ177667e370+ > ' 'B 12 O ‰/ - = ?&' R2(%$9AA9 1LM$LSBB1#1L8$L:9AS2062860o2_1.fm Page 210 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM()$P" ,)α'',.‡#%7&$/ )'$ α'/ & # " (&$ )5" "'0+!" # %$ ' IJ$"&") N^'$#% IJ > 9$0'%$ ' *8'%'@' %+ %' O '* 980@+! '"&%' * F+$ " & %'α'*^?'+7163δU4e63U6%U736U6hj6 SUh771636U436U6U36hIJU6U$"h47U 1637UU36 e636h^?'0+U6hU$ %O%% & '9@A2062860o2_1.fm Page 211 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM"0+ ""&% $$'$&"&^?'% &% ( ) '"&N^'*λ[9:89LA $'ε@: AAA+-$* 3&67&5#&  +$ "& # '"8A", % ' &" "& !)-$' $%'α'$ %' # - & O% & ,' ss *$'$ +," &'##%#4&&$- *@A+&$$*@A@AA+$- '$0+$ %%'$E+ ?$q_[†_‚X[_ ! &$ ?0+63U6U67U36U6E+7U367U6U76U6*U6+" 2 q_[†_‚X[_" 2 q†X; " 0+ &$ E+ 26q_[9@@2062860o2_1.fm Page 212 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM†_‚X[_76 / % , "12$ &' *0@+( %'# # * %+*# %+( % U644#U6U644U6/ % IJ?$$ $'$= R# % $% $'$ *090+/&&V$ # α' f'$ β''$ $ # > ' %& '-$#)%#$'-/!&+/&' IJ # 0+ E+'/ #(  ' $  4$ &" "!&' #&"%$&&"' f'$ t' $ t'$ f'9''K76316116761673616173*16+ 611636161616173616*16+16 63%*+9@917636U632062860o2_1.fm Page 213 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PMT#)%7361671716*16+16116361671716*16+f'7t't'16116*16+f'9'', $ '" 1 * 4%C9C3  "+  "$ "&"""'' >% ' % $ oeN &&oe # #%$# & ;''% '!" L@"L" 1 & 1 % "' R R C *@S:+1 ; 'R R C< =!O=-*0+#%%)&$ , $ $R & & $&;, #'*#!9C+$ ' " !" %')β',)#' #&" )%%0+'t't'63U6U6U736β'U6U77663U6U6U6β'U7363U6U776U63363U69@2062860o2_1.fm Page 214 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM( $ " t' )%t'%$ "'*00@+D $#>'$ t')%t'%7677UU6U6136U6367UU6U67U6:/#$' $ t' t' γ' 763α16β16γ161 736177616136161776U646γ' *γ'†_iU‚w†_‚+F " &% $#" & % &/ % 9γ†_iU‚w *† 46+†_‚H9Y6Ze9Y6Zγ†_iU‚w†_‚44γ†_iU‚w†_‚ *† 4 4 †+ ''!$"" % ' > $ #'&$*00+?# $&" !& 9@02062860o2_1.fm Page 215 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM *γ' + % 777U3636U6U316U373636)">) $$' &" % / $ #" $+1*@SL8+.& S+'$#&4'4()4'(&&" '&…‚l†_‚†_‚a}r}x…‚l†_‚')%†_‚a}t}i')%4'(4'($%$#4/($ $&'  1 *) %+β'-)% *+ α')% *+ .#&" "$&)$ …‚l†_‚†_‚a}t}iqlpt‚w…‚lal{t‚wα')%…‚l†_‚†_‚a}t}iqlpt‚w…‚lal{W_}al{β')%…‚lal{a}al{†_‚β'%> # 4 *+ 4!* +/')%%N"aE+' ," a & '$" "$&…ljq_[†_‚†_‚qwjq_[4}l†_‚†_‚'qlpal{t‚wal{†_v†_va}a}†_‚t}ir}x36"a9@82062860o2_1.fm Page 216 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM0 Q # ) #' > $ &" &"$*#&+$#/V/VV*&+.&-' $W# $ WW 1 WW$ /$ & '/ qlp al{ al{ †_‚ a} 4}l al{ a} qlpqwj qlp X[_ …‚l W_} 6uw al{ a} 6uw t}iWt‚w qlp al{ al{ †_‚ a} 4}l al{ a} qlpqwjqlpX[_…‚lW_}6uwal{a}6uwal{a}WWqwjqlpX[_…‚lX[_- /$ '%$ & ! & E' U776' & U7369# %IJ$&"# O''#*+*M+$%*+'*M+.%'!#!" $) '& , #'* +W_}†_v…‚lU‚w44al{t}ia}E+…‚lU‚wU‚w0+qwv†_‚36E+qwvU‚w40+†_v4al{qlp†_‚36# #-' # '& ; % *^ 1$ @S0@S8+ $ '"&R '2 = Q T =$ #" 9@ $ 9@:2062860o2_1.fm Page 217 Wednesday, October 3, 2007 4:06 PM!" L@"@" / & Q *A + # % >$= %#' :'@@'*00+; *jc 8$8+ ' $ '' $ &" / ')$"' & % #'$" $ E+Q, " #0  - $ '$ & *+ &?$M$d!#WJJ73"9&IW3$ .

Характеристики

Список файлов книги