Варламова-Тибанов - Соединения (1004701), страница 10
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Íà ðèñ. 7.2 ïîêàçàíî çàêëåïî÷íîå ñîåäèíåíèå çóá÷àòîãî âåíöà êîëåñà ñ öåíòðîì. Ïëîñêîñòüñòûêà ñîâïàäàåò ñ ïëîñêîñòüþ äåéñòâèÿ ðàäèàëüíîé FR è îêðóæíîé Ft69ÀÐèñ. 7.2ñèë êîëåñà. Îñåâàÿ ñèëà êîëåñà FA äåéñòâóåò â ïëîñêîñòè, ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíîé ñòûêó. ×èñëî çàêëåïîê z = 4.SÑóììàðíóþ ñäâèãàþùóþ ñèëó F1max, äåéñòâóþùóþ íà íàèáîëååíàãðóæåííóþ çàêëåïêó, îïðåäåëÿåì ñëîæåíèåì âåêòîðîâ:æF ö æFF1Smax = çç t ÷÷ + çç Rè z ø è zö÷÷ + ( F1Tmax ) ,øTãäå F1max– ñèëà, ïðèõîäÿùàÿñÿ îò äåéñòâèÿ ñäâèãàþùåãî ìîìåíòà Òíà íàèáîëåå óäàëåííóþ îò öåíòðà ìàññ çàêëåïêó. îáùåì ñëó÷àåT × rmaxF1Tmax =,iå ri2dW, rmax – ðàññòîÿíèå îò öåíòðà ìàññ çàêëåïîê äî íàèáî2ëåå óäàëåííîé çàêëåïêè; ri – ðàññòîÿíèå îò öåíòðà äî ïðîèçâîëüíîéçàêëåïêè. äàííîì ïðèìåðåãäå T = Ft ×2rmax = ri =70D i 2æDö; å ri = 4 ç ÷ .2è2øÏðè óêàçàííîì íà ðèñ. 7.2 íàïðàâëåíèè ñèë íàèáîëåå íàãðóæåííîé áóäåò çàêëåïêà Á.Ñóììàðíàÿ îòðûâàþùàÿ ñèëà, äåéñòâóþùàÿ íà íàèáîëåå íàãðóæåííóþ çàêëåïêó,F1Smaxîòð =FA+ F1Mmax ,zMãäå F1max– ñèëà, ïðèõîäÿùàÿñÿ îò äåéñòâèÿ îòðûâàþùåãî ìîìåíòàM, íà íàèáîëåå óäàëåííóþ îò íåéòðàëüíîé îñè çàêëåïêó;M = M x = FA ×F1Mmax =dW;2M × y maxiå,y i2ãäå ymax – ðàññòîÿíèå îò íåéòðàëüíîé îñè õ äî íàèáîëåå óäàëåííîéçàêëåïêè; yi – ðàññòîÿíèå îò îñè õ äî ïðîèçâîëüíîé çàêëåïêè. äàííîì ïðèìåðåy max = y i =Dsin 45° ,2âñå çàêëåïêè íàãðóæåíû îäèíàêîâîé îòðûâàþùåé ñèëîé.Ïðè ðàñ÷åòå ðåêîìåíäóåòñÿ îáðàòèòü âíèìàíèå íà ñëåäóþùåå:1.
Ïðè âðàùåíèè êîëåñà è ïîñòîÿííûõ íàïðàâëåíèÿõ âåêòîðîâ íàTãðóçêè ìåíÿåò íàïðàâëåíèå âåêòîð F1max.2.  îïòèìàëüíî ñïðîåêòèðîâàííîé êîíñòðóêöèè ñèëà FA äîëæíàáûòü íàïðàâëåíà íà ñòûê.FF3. Ñèëû t è R ïåðåäàþòñÿ íà çàêëåïêè òîëüêî ïðè íàëè÷èè çàzzçîðà â ïîñàäêå âåíöà êîëåñà ïî äèàìåòðó D1.8. ÊËÅÅÂÛÅ ÑÎÅÄÈÍÅÍÈß çàäàíèÿõ ïðåäñòàâëåíû íàõëåñòî÷íûå êëååâûå ñîåäèíåíèÿ.Îáîçíà÷åíèå ñîåäèíåíèÿ ïîêàçàíî íà ðèñ.
8.1. Çíàê ) ïðèìåíÿþò ïðèñêëåèâàíèè ïî çàìêíóòîìó êîíòóðó.Ìåõàíè÷åñêèå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè êëååâûõ ñîåäèíåíèé, âûïîëíåííûõ ñ ïîìîùüþ íàèáîëåå ÷àñòî èñïîëüçóåìûõ äëÿ ñêëåèâàíèÿ ìåòàëëîâ êëååâ, ïðèâåäåíû â òàáë. 8.1.71Òàáëèöà 8.1Ìåõàíè÷åñêèå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè êëååâûõ ñîåäèíåíèé ïðè ñêëåèâàíèè ìåòàëëîâÐèñ. 8.1Âðåìåííîå ñîïðîòèâëåíèå, ÌÏàÊëåéÝïîêñèäíûé (ÝÏÊ-1, ÂÊ-9, ÝÄ-5)Ïîëèóðåòàíîâûé (ÏÓ-2;ÂÈËÀÄ-11Ê)ïðè îòðûâå sâðïðè ñäâèãå tâ.ñ452034,5164523Ïðî÷íîñòü ñîåäèíåíèÿ çàâèñèò îò ìàòåðèàëîâ äåòàëåé, êà÷åñòâàïîâåðõíîñòè, òåìïåðàòóðû ñðåäû, òîëùèíû ñëîÿ êëåÿ (îïòèìàëüíàÿâåëè÷èíà 0,05...0,15 ìì) è ðÿäà äðóãèõ ôàêòîðîâ.
Ñî âðåìåíåì ïðî÷íîñòü ñíèæàåòñÿ èç-çà èçìåíåíèÿ ìåõàíè÷åñêèõ ñâîéñòâ êëåÿ ïðè åãîñòàðåíèè.  ñèëó ýòîãî ïðè îïðåäåëåíèè äîïóñêàåìûõ íàïðÿæåíèéñîåäèíåíèÿ ïðèíèìàþò êîýôôèöèåíò çàïàñà ïî îòíîøåíèþ ê ïðåäåëüíûì õàðàêòåðèñòèêàì s = 3...5.
Äîïóñêàåìûå íàïðÿæåíèÿ[t]ñð =s âðt â.ñ; [s] p =.ssÐàñ÷åò âåäóò ïî çàâèñèìîñòÿì, èçâåñòíûì èç êóðñà «Ñîïðîòèâëåíèå ìàòåðèàëîâ».Íà ðèñ. 8.1 ïîêàçàíû ñîåäèíåíèÿ, â êîòîðûõ ñêëåèâàíèå ïðîèçâåäåíî ïî âñåé ïîâåðõíîñòè ñîïðèêîñíîâåíèÿ ñîåäèíÿåìûõ äåòàëåé.Óñëîâèÿ ïðî÷íîñòè äëÿ ýòèõ ñîåäèíåíèé:t=72F£ [t]ñð (ðèñ. 8.1, à);b ×lt=T ×10 3 T ×10 3=£ [t]ñð (ðèñ. 8.1, á);Wp0,2 × d 3t=T ×10 3pd2 l 2£ [t]ñð (ðèñ. 8.1, â).Ïðèëîæåíèå 1ÌÃÒÓ èì. Í.Ý.
Áàóìàíà. Êàô. ÐÊ-3Äîìàøíåå çàäàíèå ¹ 1“ÐÀÑ×ÅÒ ÊÐÎÍØÒÅÉÍÀ”Ñòóäåíò: Ïåòðîâ È.È.Ãðóïïà: ÐÊ-9-51Ïðåïîäàâàòåëü: Èâàíîâ Ï.Ï.Äàòà ïðåäúÿâëåíèÿ:Äàòà çà÷åòà:Ïîäïèñü ïðåïîäàâàòåëÿ:-200374Ïðèëîæåíèå 2Íîðìàëüíûå ëèíåéíûå ðàçìåðû (ðÿäû Ra 20 è Ra 40) ïîÃÎÑÒ 6636–69:1,0*; 1,05; 1,1*; 1,15; 1,2*; 1,3; 1,4*; 1,5; 1,6*; 1,7; 1,8*; 1,9; 2,0*; 2,1; 2,2*;2,4; 2,5*; 2,6; 2,8*; 3,0; 3,2*; 3,4; 3,6*; 3,8; 4,0*; 4,2; 4,5*; 4,8; 5,0*; 5,3;5,6*; 6,0; 6,3*; 6,7; 7,1*; 7,5; 8,0*; 8,5; 9,0*; 9,5; 10*; 10,5; 11*; 11,5; 12*;13; 14*; 15; 16*; 17; 18*; 19; 20*; 21; 22*; 24; 25*; 26; 28*; 30; 32*; 34; 36*;38; 40*; 42; 45*; 48; 50*; 53; 56*; 60; 63*; 67; 71*; 75; 80*; 85; 90*; 95;100*; 105; 110*; 120; 125*; 130; 140*; 150; 160*; 170; 180*; 190; 200*;210; 220*; 240; 250*; 260; 280*; 300; 320*; 340; 360*; 380; 400*; 420;450*; 480; 500*; 530; 560*; 600; 630*; 670; 710*; 750; 800*; 850; 900*;950; 1000.Ïðèìå÷àíèå.
×èñëà ñî çâåçäî÷êîé * (Ra20) ïðåäïî÷òèòåëüíåå ÷èñåë áåç çâåçäî÷êè (Ra40).Ïðèëîæåíèå 3Òàáëèöà 1Áîëòû ñ øåñòèãðàííîé óìåíüøåííîé ãîëîâêîé êëàññà òî÷íîñòè Â(èç ÃÎÑÒ 7796–70), ììd6810121620243036s101214172227324150l8–908–10010–20014–26020–30025–30035–30040–30050–300bb = l ïðè l £ 20, b = 18 ïðè l ³ 25b = l ïðè l £ 25, b = 22 ïðè l ³ 30b = l ïðè l £ 30, b = 26 ïðè l ³ 35b = l ïðè l £ 30, b = 30 ïðè l ³ 35b = l ïðè l £ 40, b = 38 ïðè l ³ 45b = l ïðè l £ 50, b = 46 ïðè l ³ 55b = l ïðè l £ 60, b = 54 ïðè l ³ 65b = l ïðè l £ 70, b = 66 ïðè l ³ 75b = l ïðè l £ 80, b = 78 ïðè l ³ 90Ïðèìå÷àíèå.
Ðàçìåð l (ìì) â óêàçàííûõ ïðåäåëàõ íàçíà÷àþò èç ðÿäà ÷èñåë 8; 10;12; 14; 16; 20; 25; 30; 35; 40; 45; 50; 55; 60; 65; 70; 75; 80; 90; 100; 110; 120; 130; 140; 150;160; 170; 180; 190; 200; 220; 240; 260; 280; 300.75Òàáëèöà 2Âèíòû ñ öèëèíäðè÷åñêîé ãîëîâêîé è øåñòèãðàííûì óãëóáëåíèåì «ïîä êëþ÷»êëàññà òî÷íîñòè À (èç ÃÎÑÒ 11738–84), ììd6810121620243036D101316182430364554l10–6012–8014–10020–13025–16030–22035–24045–24055–240bb = l ïðè l £ 20, b = 24 ïðè l ³ 25b = l ïðè l £ 25, b = 28 ïðè l ³ 30b = l ïðè l £ 30, b = 32 ïðè l ³ 35b = l ïðè l £ 30, b = 36 ïðè l ³ 40b = l ïðè l £ 40, b = 44 ïðè l ³ 45b = l ïðè l £ 50, b = 52 ïðè l ³ 55b = l ïðè l £ 55, b = 60 ïðè l ³ 65b = l ïðè l £ 70, b = 72 ïðè l ³ 75b = l ïðè l £ 80, b = 84 ïðè l ³ 90Ïðèìå÷àíèå.
Ðàçìåð l íàçíà÷àþò èç ðÿäà ÷èñåë, ïðèâåäåííûõ â ïðèìå÷àíèè êòàáë. 1.Òàáëèöà 3Áîëòû êëàññà òî÷íîñòè À ñ øåñòèãðàííîé óìåíüøåííîé ãîëîâêîé äëÿ îòâåðñòèé èç-ïîä ðàçâåðòêè (èç ÃÎÑÒ 7817–80), ììd68d179s1012101114121620243036131721253238172227324150l18–3528–3530–3538–10532–10545–10555–10560–10575–21090–210l - l212151820222832385055l38–7538–80l - l21518110–12025110–180110–200110–200110–200220–240220–300283238456065Ïðèìå÷àíèå ê òàáë. 8 è 9. Ðàçìåð l â óêàçàííûõ ïðåäåëàõ íàçíà÷àþò èç ðÿäà ÷èñåë: 20; 25; 30; 35; 40; 45; 50; 60; 65; 70; 75; 80; 90; 100; 110; 120; 130; 140; 150; 160; 170;180; 190; 200; 220; 240; 260; 280; 300.76Òàáëèöà 4Ãàéêè øåñòèãðàííûå ñ óìåíüøåííûì ðàçìåðîì «ïîä êëþ÷» êëàññà òî÷íîñòè Â(èç ÃÎÑÒ 15521–70), ììd681012(14)s1012141719H56,581011d16(18)20(22)24s2224273032H1315161819d(27)3036s364150H222429Òàáëèöà 5Øïèëüêè êëàññîâ òî÷íîñòè À è  (èç ÃÎÑÒ 22032–76 – ÃÎÑÒ 22039–76), ììdl1620253035404548505560–150686; 7; 5; 10;128; 10; 14;161115181818181818181818101419222222222222222210121620b110; 12; 16; 12; 15; 20; 16; 20; 25; 20; 25; 32;20243240b8–––12–––1716––2221––262423–263028252630333026303833263038352630384026303846Ïðèìå÷àíèå.
Ðàçìåð l îò 60 äî 150 ìì íàçíà÷àþò èç ðÿäà ÷èñåë: 60; 65; 70; 75; 80;85; 90; 100; 110; 120; 130; 140; 150.77Òàáëèöà 6Øàéáû ïðóæèííûå íîðìàëüíûå (èç ÃÎÑÒ 6402–70), ììÍîìèíàëüíûé äèàìåòððåçüáû âèíòà681012(14)16(18)ds=b6,18,210,212,214,516,318,31,422,533,23,54Íîìèíàëüíûé äèàìåòððåçüáû âèíòà20(22)24(27)3036ds=b20,522,524,527,530,536,54,555,566,58Òàáëèöà 7Ðåçüáà ìåòðè÷åñêàÿ ñ êðóïíûì øàãîì (èç ÃÎÑÒ 8724–81, ÃÎÑÒ 24705–81), ììd681012(14)16(18)20P11,251,51,75222,52,5d25,357,1889,02610,86312,70114,70116,37618,376D14,9186,6478,37610,10611,83513,83515,29417,294d(22)24(27)30364248P2,5333,544,55d220,37622,05125,05127,72733,40239,07744,752D119,29420,75223,75226,21131,6737,12942,587Òàáëèöà 878Ðåçüáà óïîðíàÿ (èç ÃÎÑÒ 10177–82), ììdPd21028,512210,5283525,75 24,2582216214,539,75329,7532627,520218,54131024,5333,75321,7541736631,51028,524520,75403737,75 34,758181032,5Ïðèìå÷àíèå.
Âûäåëåíû ïðåäïî÷òèòåëüíûå øàãè.Òàáëèöà 9Ðåçüáà òðàïåöåèäàëüíàÿ îäíîçàõîäíàÿ (èç ÃÎÑÒ 24737–81, 24738–81), ììdPd2dPd2Pac101,59,25326,5122928525,51, 50,1521182416215310,5330,52, 3, 4, 50,2532629204141027334,5219418366331031322,5338,524521,540736,582010356, 7, 8, 100,5Ïðèìå÷àíèå ê òàáë.
8 è 9. Âûäåëåíû ïðåäïî÷òèòåëüíûå øàãè.Òàáëèöà 1079Çíà÷åíèÿ âåðîÿòíîñòíûõ íàòÿãîâ Np min/Np max ïðè âåðîÿòíîñòè íåðàçðóøåíèÿ ñîåäèíåíèÿ p = 0,9986, ìêìÄèàìåòð, ììÎáîçíà÷åíèå ïîñàäêèÑâûøåÄîH 7 p6H 7 r6H7/s6H 7 s718246/3012/3619/4320/5024306/3012/3619/4320/5030407/3615/4424/5325/6140507/3615/4424/5325/6150659/4418/5330/6532/74H7 t6H7 t7H 7 u7H 7 v7––26/5632/6225/4926/5633/6340/7029/5830/6642/7850/8635/6436/7252/8863/9943/8745/8766/10881/12365809/4420/5536/7138/8052/8754/9681/12399/1418010010/5124/6544/8546/9664/10566/11699/149121/17110012010/5127/6852/9354/10477/11879/129119/169147/19712014012/5932/7961/10864/12091/13894/150142/198174/23014016012/5934/8169/11672/128103/150106/162162/218200/25616018012/5937/8477/12480/136115/162118/174182/238224/28018020014/6941/9586/14089/155130/184133/199203/269251/31720022514/6944/9894/14897/163144/198147/213225/291277/34322525014/6947/101104/158107/173160/214163/229251/317307/37325028015/7753/115117/179121/195177/239181/255278/352348/42228031515/7757/119129/191133/207199/261203/277313/387388/46231535518/8564/131146/213150/230224/291228/308350/430435/51535540018/8570/137164/231168/248250/317254/334432/504518/599Îêîí÷àíèå òàáë.
10Äèàìåòð, ììÎáîçíà÷åíèå ïîñàäêèÑâûøåÄîH 7 x6H 7 x7H 7 y7H 7 s7H 8 u8H 8 x8182438/6239/6948/789/4818/6431/7750/96243048/7249/7960/909/4825/7141/8765/111304061/9062/9876/11013/5932/8852/10884/140405078/10779/11596/13013/5942/9869/125108/164506599/134101/143123/16518/7254/12089/155139/2056580123/158125/167153/19524/7870/134114/178178/24280100151/192153/203189/23929/9386/162140/216220/296100120183/224185/235229/27837/101106/182172/248272/348120140217/264220/276272/32843/117126/214204/292320/410140160249/296252/308312/36851/125146/234236/324370/460160180279/326282/338352/40859/133166/254266/354420/510180200314/368317/383392/45866/152185/287299/401469/571200225349/403352/418437/50374/160207/309334/436524/626225250389/443393/458487/55384/170233/335374/476589/691250280434/496438/512629/69195/191258/372418/532653/767280315484/546488/562613/687107/203293/407468/582733/847315355546/613550/630690/770121/227327/453527/653837/963355400616/683648/729780/860139/245372/498597/723937/1063H 8 z8Ïðèìå÷àíèå.
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