Summary (Симеон Полоцкий - первый придворный писатель практика создания образцовых текстов), страница 2

A. S. Demin made a significant contribution to the study of Simeon'ssermons by looking at them from the point of view of “writer vs. society” (1985).6Old Russian testaments have always interested researches beginning from the 19 thcent. (P. I. Belyaev, S. M. Kashtanov, G. V. Semenchenko).

In modern Polishscholarship special attention should be paid to the book by W. Zielecka-Mikołajczyk,devoted to testaments of Orthodox Christians and Uniates in Polish-LithuanianCommonwealth in the 16th–17th cc. (2012). T. V. Panich published several articles ongenre and stylistic features of testaments of Russian patriarchs and metropolitans ofthe 15th–17th cc.The copy of the Simeon's testament has been known to researches from the 19 th cent.We have discovered the second copy of his testament in the manuscript # 167-4° fromthe Uvarovskoe collection of the Manuscript Department of the State HistoricalMuseum.

Metropolitans' testaments, published for the first time in the 19 th cent., werestudies multiple time, but never in relation to Simeon's literary work.EvaluationThesis topic was finalized and accepted by the academic board of School ofPhilology, Humanities Department, National research university Higher school ofEconomics. Principal results of the research were presented at Russian andinternational conferences at the period from 2014 to 2017: at National researchuniversity Higher school of Economics (youth scientific conference TextCommentary-Interpretation, Russian literature in comparative perspective), at theInstitute for history and Institute for archaeology of the Russian Academy of Science(conference Medieval personality in written and archaeological sources: MuscoviteRus', Russian Empire and their neighbors), in Pontifical Liturgical Institute of st.Anselm, Rome, Italy (conference Monasticism and Economy: Rediscovering anapproach to work and poverty), in Pontifical University of John Paul II, Cracow,Poland (international conference Historia chrześcijaństwa w źródłach), in TartuUniversity, Tartu, Estonia (international conference of young philologists conferencein Tartu).

Research results have been published in 5 articles, including 3 in peer-7reviewed journals, general volume 3,53 t. u.Thesis Structure and WordpageThe thesis consists of introduction, four chapters, conclusion, bibliography, and fourappendices. The main text of the thesis takes 332 pages. Bibliography includes 109published and 10 unpublished sources; 336 academic works, from them 94 in foreignlanguages. The thesis contains 3 tables and 2 images.

Appendices count 485 pages.THESIS CONTENTSThe Introduction includes the rationale, objective and tasks, originality andcontribution of the research.Chapter 1. Without predecessors? Sermons by Simeon of Polotsk in theOrthodox context, which contains 3 paragraphs, is devoted to the analyses of theplace of Simeon's sermons in the literary process and Orthodox liturgy at the 2nd halfof the 17th cent. Paragraph 1 encompasses a brief historico-philological review ofthe phenomenon of the early Russian sermon of the 17 th cent.

and especially of theBaroque scholastic sermon. An attempt is made to place Simeon's sermons in theRussian literary process of the time — to trace back origins of the Russian sermons,to describe its connection to the South-West Russian scholastic sermon and to theWest-European and Polish sermon of the 16th–17th cc. Paragraph 2 deals withstructure and composition of the books Obied and Vecherya. Both structure andcomposition, treated as a literary-cultural phenomenon, were formed on the crossingof three cultural spheres: Orthodox church custom, life of the royal family and theTzar court with their special worship of saints, and Roman Catholic literary tradition.Simeon's sermons are discussed in the context of Orthodox liturgy: an attempt ismade to define the time of sermon pronunciation during the Sunday service.Paragraph 3 discusses structural organization of the books Obied and Vecherya:choice of sermon days, their sequence, basis on which sermons were combined in8cycles.

Structure of the books is discussed from the point of view that the directcopying of composition of Polish or West-European sermons books would beimpossible not only because of confessional differences, but mainly because oftechnical differences between Roman Catholic and Orthodox church calendars; thus,models of another literary tradition inevitably required certain degree of adaptation ofmodel texts.

The conducted analysis demonstrates that Obied composition reflects awell-structured and clear Orthodox calendar canon, that is well-coordinated withservice books and has no local variations and Roman Catholic borrowings.Chapter 2. Barokowa 'mania' cytowania — corpus of biblical quotations insermons by Simeon of Polotsk, which consists of five paragraphs, is devoted to thederived from Obied corpus of biblical quotations and quotations from the works ofthe Church Fathers which is studied in comparison to the Polish phenomenon of theBaroque vogue of citation, which was also widespread among South-West Russianpreachers. In Paragraph 1 the short characteristic is given to biblical quotations inSimeon's sermons: their sources and functions are described.

The conducted analysisof biblical quotations allowed to identify their source, which is Moscow Biblepublished in 1663 and partially — Ostrog Bible. Also functions of biblical quotationswere identified. Paragraph 2 focuses on the corpus of biblical quotations comingfrom the book Obied, which was composed during the research. In this paragraphdefinitions for quotation, exact quotation, partial quotation, adaptation, allusion aregiven. Types of biblical quotations, referencing techniques, and aspects influencingthe choice of a quotation type are discussed.

Paragraph 3 is devoted to thequalitative analysis of biblical quotations from the book Obied. The conductedresearch allowed to identify the books of the Bible from which Simeon took hisquotations. By using less known Bible texts Simeon demonstrated his erudition. Itwas also found out that in choosing Bible books for citing Simeon followed Orthodoxtradition only partially, while also considering Polish and European models. In thefinal part of the paragraph a short description and analysis of quotations taken from9works by Church Fathers are provided. Paragraph 4 discusses the changes whichSimeon made in texts of biblical quotations in the book Obied. Significant number ofthese changes is motivated through unclear or faulty original text, rhetoric or stylisticcharacteristics of the Baroque literary style, sermon pragmatics and rhetoric, positionof the author, reference to Polish and Latin texts.

We have identified three maingroups of the changes that Simeon introduced into biblical quotations: 1)linguistically meaningful changes; 2) changes that are connected to sermon rhetoricand pragmatics; 3) ambiguous changes. In paragraph 5 exegetic techniques used bySimeon are described — “Quadriga” or the “fourfold sense”, typology, etymology,and paraphrase.Chapter 3. “Way of perception through images”: exempla in sermons by Simeonof Polotsk consists of 3 paragraphs and discusses the phenomenon of “borrowedtext” in Simeon's sermons; this chapter deals with exempla — a rhetoric argument ina form of a short moral comparison (analogy is drawn between a sinner/righteousman and an animal or a natural phenomenon as magnet for example) or metaphor,used in sermons for convincing and entertaining readers.

The texts that enteredSimeon's sermons in form of such exempla can be characterized as transitionalbetween the Medieval knowledge and scientific and philosophical ideas of the earlyModern time. Paragraph 1 discusses these exempla in the context of South-Russian,Polish, and West European homiletics. The definition of exemplum is given, itsfunctions are discussed; its structure and possible sources are described. Paragraph 2consistently analyses mythological, hagiographic, natural, animalistic and “everyday”exempla.

Characteristic features and sources of each group were described.Paragraph 3 is devoted to the analysis of the techniques which Simeon used forcreating his Baroque exempla. We have identified and described eight most frequenttechniques.Chapter 4. “The language of death”: a testament in a literary context, thatconsists of 4 paragraphs, is devoted to philological analysis of genre of testaments,10written by Simeon, in comparison to West Russian and Polish models.

InParagraph 1 pre-Petrine Russian bequeathing traditions and the testament genrewhich was formed and stabilized by the second half of the 17 th cent. are discusses incomparison to South-West Russian, Lithuanian, and Polish testaments. In addition,analysis of sources is provided, and a brief review of Simeon's social relations andnetwork is given in connection to those people for whom Simeon wrote thetestaments. In Paragraph 2 genre of Simeon's testaments is analyzed in the contextof South-West Russian, Lithuanian, and Polish traditions.

Special attention is paid tothe legal status of the testaments. Detailed description and analysis of the Baroquetestament introductory parts, copying those which appeared in Poland in the 16th17th cc., is given. Paragraph 3 analyses dispositio of Simeon's personal testament: itconsists of burial arrangements which include the desirable burial place, list offuneral expenses, list of charity distributions, and after-death distributions tomonasteries and churches.