Реферат: Сортировка бытовых отходов.

Страниц: 15
Источников: 10

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Waste sorting is the process of organizing and separating different types of waste materials to be properly managed and disposed of. It is an important practice that helps minimize the negative impact of waste on the environment and promotes sustainable waste management.
Globally, 2.3 billion tons of solid waste are generated in cities annually and this is expected to reach 3.4 billion tons in 2050. According to estimates, from agricultural production to final consumption generates over 1.3 billion tons of food waste, leading to environmental consequences of ~3.3 gigatons of CO2 equivalent each year. China has become the world’s largest waste producer since 2004 as reported by the World Bank.
Solid household waste is heterogeneous in its composition and consists of waste paper, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, food waste, plastics, glass and textiles. Taking into account data from various sources, household waste has the following morphological composition by volume (in %): paper – 41, food waste – 21, glass – 12, iron and its alloys – 10, plastics – 5, wood – 5, rubber and leather – 5, textiles – 1. This composition is unstable and it may vary depending on the geographical location, time of year, as well as the level of industrial development of the country.
The first step in waste sorting is to identify and categorize the different types of waste. Common categories include recyclable materials such as paper, plastic, glass, and metal; organic waste such as food scraps and yard trimmings; and non-recyclable or hazardous waste like batteries, electronics, and chemicals.
Once the waste is categorized, it is important to provide separate containers or bins for each type of waste. This makes it easier for individuals to properly dispose of their waste and for waste collectors to transport it to the appropriate facilities.