Упражнения к тексту 2А (843564)
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Exercise 9. Answer the following questions using Text 2A.
1. When were interference effects first demonstrated?
Interference effect demonstrated by Thomas Young around 1800
2. What is the wave-particle duality of light?
At some conditions light has particle behavior and at other it behave like wave
3. Which waves are called coherent? How are coherent sources created?
Coherent waves are waves with same frequency and same phase. Such coherent sources are easily manufactured by aiming a monochromatic wave with plane or spherical wave fronts at an opaque plate with two narrow slits or holes.
4. What light source can be used to illuminate the slits?
Lightbulb can be used for illumination this slits.
5. Will we see interference pattern if there are two light sources?
If they are coherent yes, if not no
6. How do water waves interfere?
The waves from these two sources will interfere constructively at some places, and destructively at others. the bits of cork bob up and down with twice the amplitude they would have had if only one stone had been dropped; at some other places, where the waves interfere destructively, the bits of cork remain at rest.
7. What is the difference between constructive and destructive interference?
With constructive interference waves make strong each other and with destructive – reduce.
Exercise 10. Decide whether these statements are true or false and give reasons to your opinion.
1. Before the beginning of the 19th century, light was considered to be a stream of particles that either was emitted by the object being viewed or emanated from the eyes of the viewer.
True
2. Newton, the chief architect of the model of light, argued that light might be some sort of wave motion.
False
3. Interference in light waves from two sources was first demonstrated by Thomas Young in 1801.
True
4. Fundamentally, all interference associated with light waves arises when the electromagnetic fields that constitute the individual waves combine.
True
5. To observe interference of waves from two sources, the sources do not have to be coherent.
False
6. In constructive interference, the amplitude of the resultant wave is less than that of either individual wave.
False
7. If two lightbulbs are placed side by side so that light from both bulbs combines, no interference effects are observed.
True
8. A common method for producing two coherent light sources is to use a monochromatic source to illuminate a barrier containing three small openings.
True, but two openings enough
Exercise 11. Explain the meaning of the following words and word combinations.
1.To interfere constructively/destructively – waves increase their amplitude or reduce
2.To give rise to a pattern- make interference tracery
3.Protracted discussion
4.give arguments to prove self opinion
5. stream of particles – co-directional motion of particles
6. unmistakable evidence – strong argument
7. to settle a question – solve a problem
8. coherent source – light source that have same frequency and same phase
9. light source that emit wave from a minimally possible size part of space
10.oscilation by time
11.slab consist of material that do not skip the light
12. little hole
13. the amount of light waves
14.lineary intermadiate space among light source
15. a handful of pebble- quantity rocks that can be put in the palm
16.vigorous wave
Exercise 12. Find the English equivalents of the following Russian word combinations using Text 2А.
Экспериментальное подтверждение- Experimental confirmation
вместе с дифракционными эффектами- conjunction with diffraction effect
относительно природы света -regarding the nature of light
предполагать- conjectured
создать уравнения- formulated his equations
электрические и магнитные поля- electric and magnetic fields
оставаться неподвижным в пространстве- to remain stationary in space
сдвиг фаз- a constant phase difference
первичная волна- primary wave
обычная лампочка- ordinary light bulb
освещать щель- illuminate the slits
последовательность волн- wave sequence
переменные фазы- variable phases
различимая картина интерференции- distinguishable interference pattern
делать слабые эффекты заметными- make weak effects noticeable.
Exercise 13. Use an appropriate word from the box to complete each sentence.
1)properties
2) covers
3)mechanical
4) incident,
5)overlap
6)occurs
7) arrangement
8) distance
9) intensity
10)cancel
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