N. Kryazheva - The United States and the United Kingdom. Past and Present (doc) (798446), страница 8
Текст из файла (страница 8)
All of my life
I'll be your Valentine
February the fourteenth day
It's Valentine they say.
I choose you from among the rest,
The reason is I love you best
Sure as the grapes grow on the vine,
So sure you are my valentine.
The rose is red, the violet blue,
Lilies are fair and so are you.
Roses are red.
Violets are blue
Sugar is sweet
And so are you!
Or you can buy valentines with messages in them. If you are shy. you can sign it: "Your Secret Admirer".
For teen-agers and adults, major newspapers throughout the country have a Valentine's Day offer. Anyone can send a message for a small fee, of course, to a sweetheart, a good friend, an acquaintance or even a spouse of fifty years. For a small fee, the message is printed in a special section of the newspaper on February 14.
Words and Phrases:
bow - лук to pick mate - найти пару
arrow - стрела sweetheart - возлюбленный
priest - священник heart-felt - искренний
to throw - швырять admirer - поклонник
to behead - обезглавить fee - плата
stake - кол not only ... but also - не только ... но и
miracle - чудо farewell letter - прощальное письмо
spouse . супруг jailer - тюремный надзиратель
Martin Luther King fthe third Monday in January]
Martin Luther King - the man of peace was assassinated in 1968- In 1986 President Ronald Reagan declared the third Monday in January a federal legal holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King's birthday.
Martin Luther King's death did not slow the Civil Rights Movement. 0lack and white people continued to fight for freedom and equality. Mrs. Coretta Scott King, the widow of the civil rights leader, established the Martin Luther King Memorial Center in Atlanta in 1970.
On Monday, January 20, 1986, in cities and towns across the country people celebrated the first official Martin Luther King Day, the only federal holiday commemorating the Afro-American.
Easter Fa Sunday in March or April]
People celebrate the holiday according to their belief and their religious deno-mi-nations. Christians commemorate Good Friday as the day that Jesus Christ died and taster Sunday as the day that He was resurrected. Protestant settlers brought the custom of a sunrise service, a religious gathering at dawn, to the United States.
In England children rolled eggs down hills on Easter morning, a game which as been connected to the rolling away of the rock from Jesus Christ's tomb when.He was resurrected. British settlers brought this custom to the New World, moth Easter Sunday, people give chocolate Easter eggs as presents. Some mothers and fathers tell their children that the Easter Rabbit brings the eggs and hides them in the garden. The children must go outside and look for them,
Traditionally, many celebrants bought new clothes for Easter, which they wore to church.After church services, everyone went for a walk around the town. This led to the American custom of Easter parades all over the country. Perhaps themost famous is along Fifth Avenue in New York City.
Mother's Day [second Sunday in May]
In 1910, the governor of West Virginia proclaimed the second Sunday in IVb as Mother's Day and a year later, every state celebrated it.
On the second Sunday in May, American children of all ages treat their moth, ers to something special. It is the one-day out of the year when children, young and old, try to show in a tangible way how much they appreciate their mothers.
On Mother's Day morning, some American children follow the tradition of serv* ing their mothers breakfast in bed. Other children will give their mothers gifts which they have made themselves or bought in stores. Adults give their mothers red car-nations, the official Mother's Day flower. If their mothers are dead, they may bring white carnations to their graves. This is the busiest day of the year for American restaurants. On her special day, family members do not want Mom to cook dinner!
Memorial Day (last Monday in May]
Memorial Day is not limited to honor only those Americans from the armed forces, it is also a day for personal remembrance. Families and individuals honor the memories of their loved ones who have died. Church services, visits to the cemetery, flowers on graves, or even silent tribute mark the day with dignity and solemnity.
On Memorial Day, the President or Vice President of the United States gives a speech and lays a wreath on the tombs. Members of the armed forces shoot a rifle salute in the air. Veterans and families come to lay their own wreaths and say prayers. There is a chance that one of the soldiers buried here is father, son, brother or friend.
Words and Phrases:
Easter - пасха settlers - поселенцы
belief -вера to settle -селиться
to believe - верить sunrise service - утренняя служба
to resurrect - воскреснуть at dawn - на рассвете
Good Friday - страстная Пятница to roll down hills - скатывать с горок
appreciation -оценка tangible -доступный, ощутимый
to appreciate - оценивать carnation - гвоздика
gift - подарок to treat - угощать
to proclaim - провозглашать grave - могила
to lay - возложить to bury - хоронить
wreath - венок solemnity - серьезность, важность
to pray - молиться to shoot a rifle salute- дать салют
Flag Day [June 14]
National flags are not mere symbols of a country. Their colors and designs convey past history and future goals.
It is a interesting to point out that the United States did not even have a standard-ized flag until 1912. Called the "Stars and Stripes and Old Glory" the flag is one of the most complicated in the world. No other flag needs 64 pieces of fabric to make.
The American flag has also changed designs more than any other flag in the orld. The first flag, called the Grand Union, was flown at the headquarters of the Continental Army on January 1, 1776.
On June 14, 1777, Congress proposed that the United States had had a national flag instead of the British "Union Jack" one. The thirteen stars of the flag represented the thirteen new states.
There were few public ceremonies honoring the Stars and Stripes until 1877, when on June 14, it was flown from every government building in honor of the centennial of the adoption of a national flag.
In August 1949, President Harry Truman proclaimed June 14 as Flag Day. Since then the President proclaims the commemoration yearly and encourages all Americans in the country to display the "Stars and Stripes" outside their homes and businesses. Individual states determine how they will observe the day. Usually the flag is flown from all public buildings, speeches are made in public places, and ceremonies take place in towns and cities all over the country.
Father's Day Г third Sunday in Junel
The origin of Father's Day is not clear. Some say that it began with a church service in West Virginia in 1908. Others say the first Father's Day ceremony was held in Vancouver, Washington.
The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which their children honor fathers. On the third Sunday in June, fathers all across the United States are given presents, treated to dinner.
In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge made it a national event "to establish more intimate relations between fathers and their children and impress upon fathers the full measure of their obligations." Since then, fathers had been honored and recognized by their families throughout the country on the third Sunday in June.
When children can't visit their fathers or take them out to dinner, they send a greeting card. Traditionally fathers prefer greeting cards that are not too sentimental. Most greeting cards are whimsical, so fathers laugh when they open them. Some give heart-felt thanks.
Labor Day [first Monday in September]
Eleven-year-old Peter McGuire sold papers on the streets in New York City. He shined shoes and cleaned stores, and later ran errands.
Many immigrants settled in New York City in the nineteenth century. They found that living conditions were not as wonderful as they had dreamed. Often there were six families crowded into a house made for one family. Thousands of children had to go to work. Working conditions were even worse. Immigrant men, women and children worked in factories for ten to twelve hours a day, stopping °nly for a short time to eat. They came to work even if they were tired or sick, be-Cause if they didn't, they might be fired out. They spoke of organizing themselves pto a union of laborers to improve their working conditions. In the spring of 1872, eter McGuire and 100,000 workers went on strike and marched through the reets, demanding a decrease in the long working day.
The Idea of organizing workers according to their trades spread around % country. Factory workers, dock workers, and tool makers all began to demand an* get their rights to an eight-hour workday, a secure job and a future in their trades Peter McGuire and laborers in other cities planned a holiday for workers on the Щ Monday in September, half-way between Independence Day and Thanksgiving.
On September 5, 1882 the first Labor Day parade was held in New York City Twenty thousand workers marched in a parade up Broadway. They carried ban* ners that read labor creates all wealth," and "eight hours for work; eight hours for rest; eight hours for recreation]" Within the next few years, the idea spread from coast to coast, and all states celebrated Labor Day. In 1894, Congress voted ita national holiday.
So, Labor Day was originally established to honour workers. But now most Americans consider Labor Day as the last day of summer and celebrate it with picnics and barbecues. The beaches and other popular resort areas are packed with people enjoying one last three-day week-end.
Words And Phrases:
in honor to - в честь centennial - столетие, столетни
honoring to adopt - принимать
star - звезда adoption - принятие
stripe - полоса to encourage - поощрять
to ignore - игнорировать whimsical - причудливый
banner -знамя to flow -развиваться
to ban - запрещать to pertain - относиться
to celebrate - праздновать to convince - убеждать
to run errands - быть на посылках to fire out . увольнять
to reel special - чувствовать себя особенно
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