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DNow! Technology
| AMD's 3DNow! technology is the first innovation to the x86 architecture that significantly enhances 3D graphics, multimedia, and other floating-point-intensive PC applications to enable a superior visual computing experience. 3DNow! technology is a set of 21 instructions that use SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) and other performance enhancements to open the performance bottleneck in the 3D graphics pipeline between the host CPU and the 3D graphics accelerator card. 3DNow! works hand-in-hand with leading 3D graphics accelerators to achieve faster frame rates on high-resolution scenes, improved physical modeling of real-world environments, realistic 3D graphics and images, and theater-quality audio and video. 8 |
T
he AMD K6-III Processor
This processor is the newest product of AMD issued in February of the present year.
This CPU ,code-named "Sharptooth", is basically a K6-2 with a 256K L2 (second level) cache incorporated in the chip. It's well-known that the L2 cache can cause huge impacts on the CPU's performance. By doing that, the K6-III has the fastest L2 cache on the market - only the extinct Pentium Pro and the extremely expensive Xeon Pentium II (a Pentium Pro in a Pentium II suit) share the same feature. Because it remains compatible with the Socket 7 standard, the motherboard L2 cache should become an L3 cache, which also increases the CPU's performance a little.
This innovation being used in K6-III has got the name of the TriLevel Cache design.
TriLevel Cache Design
AMD's TriLevel Cache design enables the AMD-K6-III processor to process instructions faster and deliver better performance at the same clock rate than the AMD-K6-2 processor and Intel's Pentium III.
AMD's innovative TriLevel Cache design maximizes the overall system performance of AMD-K6-III processor-based desktop PCs by delivering one of the industry's largest maximum combined system caches. This larger total cache results in higher system performance.
AMD's TriLevel Cache design is not only the largest cache implementation for desktop PCs, it is exceptionally fast.
The TriLevel Cache design also offers an internal multiport cache design. This flexible design feature delivers higher system performance by enabling simultaneous 64-bit reads and writes of both the L1 cache and the L2 cache. In addition, each cache can be accessed simultaneously by the processor core.
The AMD-K7 Processor
The AMD-K7 design features a number of compelling technological breakthroughs, including the industry's first mainstream 200 MHz system bus and the most architecturally advanced floating point capability everdelivered in an x86 microprocessor.
The Microsoft Windows compatible AMD-K7 processor with 3DNow! technology offers seventh-generation design features that distinguish it from previous generations of PC processors. These innovations include a nine-issue superscalar microarchitecture optimized for high clock frequency,a superscalar pipelined floating point unit, 128KB of on-chip L1 cache, a programmable high-performance backside L2 cache interface,and a 200 MHz Alpha EV6-compatible system bus interface with support for scalable multiprocessing.
The AMD-K7 processor is expected to be available in July or August of 1999 and is planned to operate at clock frequencies faster than 500 MHz,based on AMD's 0.25-micron process technology. The AMD-K7 processor will leverage existing physical and mechanical PC infrastructure.
AMD K7 processor will definitely help AMD to compete with Intel's future Katmai processors and beyond.
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CONCLUSION
So with such processors as the AMD-K6-III and the AMD-K7 AMD is becoming the most serious competitor of the Intel company at the market of processors for PC. And this competition is breaking Intel’s monopoly braking the technical progress in the field of computer technologies, making the producers of processors invest more money in research and development of new technologies. The result of these is the increasing tempo of the technical progress. Now it’s hard to predict what processor we will see over the next 10 years.
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THE LIST OF KEY WORDS
AMD=Advanced Micro Devices
Intel=Intellegent Electronics
competition
processor
cache
CPU
portable
notebook
desktop
bus
enchancement
3Dnow! Technology
TriLevel Cache Design
REFERENCES
http://www.amd.com/
http://www.computerheaven.net/
Journals:”Computerra”
“Computer World”
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CONTENTS
Introduction___________________________________________________________________3
History of AMD________________________________________________________________4
AMD Processors_______________________________________________________________ 7
The Am486 Processor___________________________________________________________7
The Am5x86 Processor__________________________________________________________7
The AMD-K5 Processor_________________________________________________________7
The AMD-K6 Processor_________________________________________________________8
The AMD-K6-2 Processor_______________________________________________________ 8
3DNow! Technology____________________________________________________________8
The AMD-K6-III Processor______________________________________________________9
TriLevel Cache Design__________________________________________________________9
The AMD-K7 Processor_________________________________________________________9
Conclusion___________________________________________________________________10
The List of Key Words_________________________________________________________11
References___________________________________________________________________11
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