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GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS OF ADOLESCENT TWINS' BEHAVIORAL AND EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS
E. D. Gindina*, S. B. Malykh**, M. M. Lobaskova***
* PhD, senior research assistant of age psychogenetic laboratory, PI RAE, Moscow
** Sc.D. (psychology) head of age psychogenetic laboratory, PI RAE, Moscow
*** Senior lecturer of developmental psychology chair, department of psychology and pedagogics, UdSU, Izhevsk
A twin study of the role of genotype and environment in individual differences formation of behavioral and emotional problems in adolescence is carried out. The sample consisted of 250 twin pairs (age 12 - 17). Scores of three groups of respondents (adolescents, parents and teachers) are compared. It is revealed that such adolescent properties as insularity, somatic complaints and aggressiveness are developed under the influence of specific to every adolescent genetic and environmental factors. Individual differences in anxiety/depression and social disadaptation are connected with the influence of common environmental factors and specific to every adolescent environmental experience. Individual differences in attention/hyperactivity are developed under the influence of common and individual environmental factors. The significant sex differences in hereditability in such properties as attention / hyperactivity and delinquency are revealed.
Key words: mono- and dizygotic twins, adolescents, emotional and behavioral problems, genotype, environment.
ПРОБЛЕМА ОСМЫСЛЕННОСТИ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ
Автор: А. П. ПАХОМОВ
А. П. Пахомов
Кандидат психологических наук, доцент кафедры менеджмента и маркетинга РУДН, Москва
Рассматриваются основные положения репрезентативной теории измерений. Показано, что некоторые сделанные Стивенсом предписания, в первую очередь, относительно осмысленности психологических измерений, могут быть пересмотрены. Отмечается, что современная практика измерений в психологии опирается не только на репрезентативную теорию. Обсуждаются некоторые допущения классической и операциональной теорий измерения.
Ключевые слова: измерения в психологии, репрезентативная теория, осмысленность измерения, научные предположения.
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