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Suluk is considered Year of foundation of the enterprise the 1988th when the Voskhod cooperative was created. Today "Suluk" - the largest enterprise for preparation of the wood of the Verkhnebureinsky area at which about 400 people work.

For export - to Japan, Korea and China - the company is engaged in sale of the wood since 1992. Since 1999 at the enterprise production on processing of the wood is started up. Today the affiliated undertaking of JSC Suluk "Khabarovsk DOCK" is engaged in release of dried and glued timber for export, production of window and door blocks for internal consumption and other production."

2.2 Main problems of development of the enterprises of forest branch of the Far East

Historically it developed so that the wood industry in the Far East was and remains to one of the leading Far East branches of economy. Wood of the Russian production was always in demand. But thus, the question of rational distribution of resources was always particularly acute. The Far East also faced the same problem. Presently, to the forefront in economy of the region there are problems of a forest complex, first of all, it is questions of creation of the enterprises of deep processing of wood.

Also treat the main problems of development of forest branch of the Far East:

1. Shortage of the overworking equipment and modern effective capacities at the enterprises of forest preparation and the overworking enterprises, exhaustion of the leading funds mostly to sawing-woodworking productions reaches 80%. As a result of such big share of wear of capacities and the equipment, the amount of the recycled wood considerably decreases.

2. Law amount investments in the investments branch.

3. the direction of export on raw wood. the forest complex - is considered the most important part of regional economy, and in Amursoky area, Khabarovsk and Primorsk edges the forest branch is one of the main articles making the budget of the region

Here, the wood industry carries accurately expressed export orientation and is the supplier of forest raw materials for productions in foreign countries. 94% of the wood of the Far East federal district exported from the territory are taken out abroad in the form of the raw wood. In the national export volume of the raw wood, participation of DV is estimated at 30%.

The direction of export on raw wood. the forest complex - is considered the most important part of regional economy, and in Amursoky area, Khabarovsk and Primorsk edges the forest branch is one of the main articles making the budget of the region.

1. Illegal cutting down and illegal turn of forest raw materials. The loss from the illegal cabin of the wood in the territory of the Far East, according to official figures for 2013 made nearly 1,5 billion rubles. According to reports of security service, in the Far East region for 2013 552 cases of illegal deforestation, and also 35 recorded cases of illegal export of the raw wood and timber were established that in comparison with an indicator of 2012 is 9% more. Generally, in the specified period, in a forest complex of the Far East 23% more violations of the law, than for the same period were revealed in the previous year. In 2014 illegal cuttings down in the territory of the Far East made nearly 9 million cubic meters of wood that means that it on 1/3 part from the national volume of illegal logging.

Illegal export of forest materials, illegal cuttings down, legalization of the money gained from realization and illegal transactions with forest raw materials, completion of taxes according to the forged transactions, non-return of monetary payments are the most often committed crimes in forest branch of the Far East region which lie in the basis to economic structure of criminal associations and communities.

1. Backwardness of infrastructure. One more important circumstance which is slowing down development of a forest complex of the Far East of Russia is the need for a regrouping and for shift of the logging enterprises to remote regions of forests, in the absence of roads and other conditions necessary for effective work of the enterprise. The construction of roads, the forest materials intended for export from territories of cutting areas, is almost not conducted as result – a huge number of forest stocks remain inaccessible to effective use, and remain to decay on a root. Opportunity to take out the cut-down wood appears only in winter time, because of it the significant damage is caused to the ecological environment.

In the territory of Far East regions and Transbaikalia about 1/3 part of the all-Russian forest resources settles down are about 25 billion cubic meters of the wood. But from these 25 billion only 5,5 billion cubic meters as only these woods are located in a zone of transport access can be used and can be fruitfully operated.

The situation is so that now in the Forest Code and additional documents to it, it is written nothing about construction and operation of the roads intended for use of the forest enterprises. Meanwhile, investment appeal of programs for effective use of the woods directly depends on the general provision of structure of forest production. Forest roads have to provide all the year round easy access to cutting areas, carrying out security actions and actions for restoration of forest area.

6) Low prime cost of the exported forest raw materials. So, the general stock of forest plantings of the district makes 20,1 billion cubic meters (24% of a reserve of wood of forest fund of the Russian Federation). Following the results of a year in the district 10,4 million cubic meters of wood are prepared (increase by 6% in comparison with the similar period of last year). It is made round forest products – 8,2 million cubic meter (growth rate of 111%). [19, 20, 21].

Average contract prices of round forest products which are concluded by exporters of the wood from the main countries extracting the wood also reflect an unsatisfactory state in a forest complex of Russia and the Far East federal district. According to official figures, in the People's Republic of China market the average market (contract) prices made for one cubic meter of the round wood of Finland 211 dollars, of Canada – 206 dollars, of Malaysia – 155 dollars, and from the Far East – only 128 dollars.

At the same time as a result of start of wood processing productions, in recent years the structure of the further movement of wood significantly changed (for processing or realization in a round look).

Today in the territory of the Far East federal district 12 approved priority investment projects, with a total amount of investments taking into account development of projects of 42,2 billion rubles are realized. From them 5 – in Khabarovsk Krai, 3 – in Primorsky Krai, 3 – in the Amur region, 1 – in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. Besides, is available 15 investment ideas and projects on which documentation is developed, search of investors for the direction of the demand for obtaining the status of the priority project is conducted.

Production of forest materials reached 1,3 million cubic meters (increase by 36% in comparison with the similar period of last year). The volume of intake of round forest products for processing increased by 30%. In a year the structure of export of forest products changed as follows - the volume of the taken-out round forest products was reduced 19%, timber increased by 37%.

Also one of problems, the low cost of wood on a root is.

The cost of a business round timber in the Far East makes only about 1 dollar for cubic meter, thus, that the average price in the world market – 30 dollars for cubic meter. If to assume that the available price can be increased at least to 10 dollars, it in a root will change profit on sale of the wood.

Today Malaysia receives about the income of one cubic meter of wood 627 dollars, Finland and Canada on 520-535 dollars, and Russia of only 90-100 dollars.

The low cost of wood on a root forms the irresponsible relation of forest users to forest resources, leads to the low-quality organization of protection of the leased timberland from forest fires and violators of the law.

7) Low-skilled workers, shortage of labors.

From 2008 to 2012 the timber processing complex of the Far East reduced export of the raw wood twice and increased export of forest products twice. Such "parity", nevertheless, does not give reasons for optimism as Russia gradually loses very perspective timber market of the Pacific Rim, including, the market of the countries of Northeast Asia, its place are taken by other exporters of the wood and production from wood which "flexibly" react to the happening tactical changes [19].

So, for example, in 8 months 2013 New Zealand exported to China 7,21 million m3 of wood, and Russia – 6,92 million m3. Thus growth of the New Zealand export made 38%, and Russia lost in this market 11% in comparison with 2012. In general scales of loss of the Chinese market by Russia are very essential: if in 2007 our share in the Chinese import of the round wood made over 68%, today it decreased to 23,8%.

Such succession of events was influenced by some major, first of all, internal factors.

First, legislative base. Here legal risks because of changes in the regulating documents are great.

Secondly, not entered protecting duties on the round wood handicapped those who started carrying out projects on deep processing of wood (even having received the status of priority investment projects).

Thirdly, stirs development of logging incompleteness of cadastral works at allocation of borders of especially protected natural territories.

Fourthly, transport expenses – logistics have essential impact on rise in price of forest production. By some estimates, costs of transportation of raw materials in the Far East make 55-60% of the wood price. Among others, not exchange sharp, problems – lack of the developed network of forest roads that does not allow to increase volumes of development of a settlement cutting area, the large-scale illegal cabin of the wood and corruption. On this background the support given by the state in the form of various preferences is very insignificant in comparison with expenses and unplanned expenses of the timber industry companies.

Forest resources of the Far East of Russia play a key role stabilization of global climate and are the most important factor of development of the world market of forest production. At today's stage vectors of collaboration of the state and business have to be directed on: improvement and strengthening of legal base, carrying out inventory of forest resources, development of infrastructure of forestry, introduction of modern technologies of logging and a woodworking, training, protection of forest areas with the high level of biological diversity.

And, at last, support and unconditional implementation of investment projects on development of deep processing of wood and production with a high value added that has to remove LPK of the Far East from mainly raw in hi-tech sector Russian economies, capable to have essential impact on all parameters of world timber market is very important.

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