антиплагиат (1207344), страница 9
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Participation in the designated events will be wide segments of thepopulation: schoolchildren, employees of nature protection facilities, volunteers,active citizens.The organizational committee created by the dec 57 ree of the Administration ofthe President 67 of Russia responsible for the formation of the plan of events andorganization of their implementation, in accordance with the President's decree,includes heads of federal and regional authorities, members of the scientificcommunity and representatives of some organizations engaged in environmentalactivities in In particular, employees of the Russian Geographical Society.By decree of the President, the organizing committee was instructed toformulate a plan of events to be held in 2017.
The 168 items on this list are theevents that were planned for the end of 2015 as part of the implementation of thestate program "Environmental Protection" for 2012-2020.43In particular, a number of all-Russian and regional meetings will be held todiscuss the most pressing issues in the field of development of natural resourcesprotection, a cycle of conferences, forums and round tables. All-Russiancompetitions will be approved and held: among schoolchildren throughout thecountry, to identify the best employee of nature protection zones, etc.
It is plannedto organize a number of festivals and rallies, photo exhibitions will be organized,volunteer actions will be held, the work of children's and teenage camps will beorganized. One of the most striking events is the ascent to Mount Elbrus and thelarge-scale run along the ice of Lake Baikal - the organizers plan to give it aninternational scale.Particular attention will be paid to coverage of all activities in the media. Anumber of television and radio broadcasts will be launched.
Relevant headings willappear in popular science publications: National Geographic, Around the World,Geo, Nature and Man XXI Century. On the First Channel, all interested citizenswill be able to watch a series of documentaries on Russian environmentalprotection zones.A full list of activities that will be implemented in 2017 in ecology in Russia iscontained in the Russian Government's disposal No.
2720-r. [21]President of Russia V.V. Putin on December 27, 2016 at the meeting said: "Iwill designate the most acute environmental problems that require a prioritysolution. The key issue is the achievement of a drastic reduction in emissions ofharmful substances into the atmosphere, their discharges into reservoirs and intothe soil, primarily due to the technological re-equipment of industry, theintroduction of the best available technologies. A number of large companies arealready implementing their environmental programs, but we know that not allenterprises give due attention to these issues "[22].443.3 Environmental problems and solutonsThe decline of heavy industry in the 90s of the last century to a significantextent helped to correct the problem of air pollution in Russia, which has alreadyacquired a dangerous scale, because in the days of the USSR, the level of airpollution was one of the highest in the world.
The Soviet government did notanticipate that heavy industry wastes emitted into the atmosphere anddeforestation, which reduces the absorption of carbon dioxide from the air, maypose a problem. To increase the production capacity, no natural resources werespared, and thick smoke over the pipes of the factories was considered proof ofunprecedented technocratic and industrial achievements, and evoked a sense ofpride instead of logical in this case of concern for the environment and their health.When combustion of automobile fuel, in addition to carbon dioxide, fine dustand microscopic particles of soot are emitted into the atmosphere.
Inhaled by aperson, they become the cause of various oncological diseases, because they arequite strong carcinogens. Even substances that are harmless to humans, such asfreon, get into the upper atmosphere, contribute to the destruction of the ozonelayer. Consequently, there are more and more ozone holes that pass through thehard ultraviolet spectrum of solar radiation.
This affects not only the climate of theEarth, but all people, since such radiation is one of the main causes of skin cancer,and a rise in temperature leads to an increase in cardiovascular diseases. Climatechange due to air pollution and global warming has a significant impact on humanlife and has far more serious consequences than we can imagine. For example, itleads to a reduction in land suitable for cultivation, thereby reducing the area ofagricultural land. That, in turn, threatens to reduce the possible amount of food andthe onset of universal hunger [23].The pollution of the environment is significantly influenced by transboundarytransfers of pollutants from countries neighboring with Russia.45The main areas of transboundary impact on the Russian atmosphere are:Western and Eastern Europe (especially Germany and Poland);- North-eastern regions of Estonia (shale mining and processing area);- Ukraine (radioactive contamination in the region of Chernobyl, highconcentration of industrial hubs in the central part, in the Kharkiv region and theDonbas);- Northwest China (radioactive contamination);- Northern Mongolia (mining areas) [24].In order to solve the environmental problems of Russian forests and reducetheir cutting, it will be necessary:-to establish less favorable conditions for the export of timber, especiallyvaluable breeds;-to improve working conditions for foresters;-to strengthen the control of deforestation directly in the forests.For water purification, you need:- reorganization of treatment facilities, most of which do not cope with theirfunctions due to outdated and largely defective equipment;- Review of technologies for processing and recycling of production wastes;Improvement of processes for utilization of domestic inorganic wastes.To improve air quality we need the following:- application of more modern and environmentally friendly fuels, which wouldenable to significantly red uce the emission of harmful substances into theatmospher 58 e;-development of filters at heavy industry enterprises.To reduce the amount of household waste:- In addition to improving the methods for disposing of household waste, it willalso be necessary to solve the problem of using more environmentally friendlymaterials in the manufacture of, for example, packaging for products;-to reduce pollution of forest plantations and other places of recreation, it is46necessary to organize work with the population on environmental issues, as well asimposing severe penalties for the release of inorganic garbage in an unauthorizedplace.It is in the interests of our country to preserve and revitalize the environmentaround us.
At present, state supervision over its use is significantly weakened.Certainly, relevant laws and conceptual documents are adopted, but often we seethat they are not working efficiently in the regions or in the regions. But despitethis, there are shifts. Complex measures are carried out aimed at stabilizing andmitigating the environmental situation in industrial regions of Siberia and theUrals, which often use innovative technologies. Energy-saving programs are beingimplemented in the country [23].Apparently, in many foreign countries there is already an understanding thateconomic development can not stop, it is aimed at the reproduction ofenvironmental capital.
International actions of economic regulation in the field ofenvironmental protection should go on a different path, having ceased so activelydestroying the totality of components of the natural environment. A positive resultcan be the existence of an adequate international regulatory and legal framework,the existence of a unity of goals, objectives and will in the actions of publicauthorities at various levels ensuring law and order in the environmental sphere,b oth at the level of 62 the Russian Federat ion and at the level of the ent 62 ire worldcommunity. International cooperation of the Russian Federat ion in the field ofenvironmental protection 58 and environmental security is being developed within theframework of multilateral conventions.
Currently, there are over three thousandbilateral treaties and agreements aimed at protecting nature and naturemanagement. Thus, from the above, it can be concluded that the aspect of interestscaused to acquaint with foreign experience and law enforcement practice of publicadministrat ion in the field of environmental protection, 58 and Also with the system ofbodies performing them, analysis of the functions assigned to these bodies,methods, methods and legal mechanisms used to implement environmental factors47contribute to the profound changes of the economic system, the constitutionalsystem of the Russian Federation, the democratic transformations Sovereignstvennoj and public life.
The proclamation of Russian legal gosu darstva, the ruleof law, separation of powers involves serious legal changes in various fields,including in the field of environmental protection [2 5].The state policy in the field 68 of environmental development of Russia for theperiod up to 2030, based on the Constituti on, the principles 85 and norms ofinternational law, international treaties of the Russian Federati 68 on, federal laws,laws of the RF subjects, aimed at ensuring a balanced solution of socio-economicproblems, the conservation of biological diversity and natural resources to meet theneeds of present and future generations, the realization of the right of every personto a healthy environment, the rule of law in t he area of environmental protectionand ecological safety. [26]"Green Belt" is a kind of protective frame from plantings and natural forestsaround cities.
He plays an important ecological role, the "Rossiyskaya Gazeta" wastold in the press service of the Federal Forestry Agency (Rosleskhoz).Such "green shields" were actively created in Soviet times. Then they did notdeal with this issue for a long time. But the problem of restoring and creating newbelts has ripened long ago, public activists, residents of the regions, talked a lotabout this. As a result, a federal law appeared.It is important to understand the difference between the "green belt" andspecially protected natural areas, the department notes.
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