Personality (1110517), страница 3
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Dr Partridge regularly gives / is regularly giving talks about personality.2. The professor interviews / is interviewing a candidate at the moment and can’t come tothe phone.3. I do lots of different research but today I carry out / I’m carrying out research into thepersonalities of twins.4. He drives / is driving to work every day.5. People become / are becoming very interested in how personalities develop over time.6.
A psychologist studies / is studying the way people’s minds work.7. The doctor’s practice is / is being in Harley Street.4 Match the sentences in Exercise 3 with the uses in Exercise 2.5 Use the following prompts to write questions in the present simple or continuous.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.make friends / easily?what / usually / do / weekend?what / read / at the moment?enjoy / art and music?prefer / extroverts or introverts?work / on any new project now?do / anything interesting / at the moment?lose temper / easily?6 With a partner, take turns to ask and answer the questions. Then tell the class one interestingfact about your partner.10Extra Grammar and Vocabulary PracticeGrammar1 Read the sentences and complete the questions. The underlined word(s) should be theanswer.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.Bill Clinton is an ex-President.
Who is Bill Clinton?Myers Briggs designed the test. Who ________________________________________?Oprah Winfrey owns several houses. What ___________________________________?Marilyn Monroe married Joe DiMaggio. Who _________________________________?He’s able to speak three languages. How many ________________________________?Spring is my favourite time of the year. What _________________________________?My boss is the reason I’m leaving. What ______________________________________?2 A university lecturer is interviewing a new student.
Write the verbs in the present simple orpresent continuous.A:B:A:B:A:B:A:B:How (1) ______ you ______ (study)? What’s your approach?Well I (2) ________(work) really well early in the morning. Most of my friends stay up latebut I (3) _______ (prefer) the early hours.So do you find it difficult to work with others?Not necessarily. It (4) _______(depend) what the task is. For example, at the moment I (5)_________ (work) with a group of people.
We (6) _________ (set up) a club for young kidsin the town centre.Really? That’s good. Now, (7) _______ you ________ (know) about the exam at the end ofevery term?Yes, I read about that.How do you find exams?Well! I (8) ____________ (get) worried before exams but I think I (9) _________ (get)better at staying calm.Vocabulary1 Write the missing words in sentences 1-10.1. A: ________ he the right person for the job?B: Yes, I’d say so.2. A: ________ you feel better about taking the test?B: Yes, I’m less nervous now I know what it is.3.
A: ________ he work well in a team?B: Yes, he’s good with other people.4. A: What exactly _______ your horoscope say?B: The same as usual. That I’ll be lucky this week.5. A: _______ they _______ all their homework?B: Yes, they have.6. A: What _______ you working on at the moment?11B: I’m working on a proposal for a film.7. A: _________ we ask you a few questions?B: Yes, of course.8. A: When ________ Carl Jung born?B: In 1875.9.
A: What _______ he study at university?B: Medicine, from 1894 to 1900.10. A: ________ he _______ his final exam?B: Yes, he took it last week.2 Complete the dialogue with the phrases below. There is one extra phrase.a. I don’t agreeb. I thinkc. Great idea!A:B:A:B:A:B:d. I don’t knowe. it’s truef. come on(1) ________ we should employ Sandra. She’s the most cheerful.Well, (2) __________ that she was the happiest of everyone but (3) __________ - she hasabsolutely no previous experience.But you don’t need experience to answer the phone.(4) ________ . How you answer the phone can make the difference in business.Do you think we could train her?(5)_________ .
That might take too much time and money…3 Write the missing vowels in the adjectives.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.You need to be an_dv_nt_r_ _ s sort of person to go climbing in the mountains.Don’t be too c_ _t _ _ _ s about saying what you think in meetings.Running at 6 a.m.
looks a bit too _ n _ rg _ t _ с for me. I prefer sleeping.Don’t talk to him. He’s always m_ _ dy on a Monday morning.Gill is one of our most r_l_ _ bl_ employees. She’s always on time.You look rather th_ _ ghtf _ l. What’s are you considering?People who are _p_n - m_nd_d are often good listeners.This job needs someone who is s_lf – c_nf_d_nt.4 Complete the words with a prefix from the box.outbi1.2.3.4.5.6.antiover______ social______cycle______comfort______understand______rail______shadowedreunderdismismonoex-7. ______define8.
______perform9. ______President10. ______rated125 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 4.1.2.3.4.5.Can I borrow your ______ ? It’s too far to walk.Every time I ask you to do something, you seem to _______ what I say.This new film is _______ . The critics said it was boring but I thought it was great.My brother was always better than me at school and completely ___________ me.At the airport, take the _______ from one terminal to the other.
It’s faster than by bus.6 Make five more sentences with the other words.Reading1 Read the article and do the post-reading exercises.Optimists and PessimistsThe study of personality has changed in recent times and more focus is now placed on thedifferent ways that people understand their environments. One example of this type ofapproach is the study of optimism and pessimism. So what is the definition of optimismand pessimism?Optimists tend to see all the events in their lives in a positive light.
Everything seemspositive to optimists. Even negative events may still be viewed as having the potential to bepositive. Pessimists on the other hand generally focus on the negative potential ofeverything.For example, pessimists who receive a poor grade in an exam will probably see this as aproblem with their ability. In other words, they will see a poor grade as their own fault.Alternatively, pessimists may blame an external reason that is not within their control, e.g.a poor exam question or a strict examiner. The result is that pessimists will have lowerexpectations for the future and this can even lead to depression.In contrast, optimists will most likely view a poor exam result as useful feedback. They willtake it as a warning that they need to change their study habits or exam preparationtechniques.
Optimists often make the decision to change that aspect of their studypatterns and would fully expect to do better in the next exam.In general, and not surprisingly, optimists do better in life. Taking students as an example,optimists generally believe that factors such as making an effort and improving studyhabits will lead to better results. Of course such beliefs lead to greater achievements. Inone academic study, low-achieving students did much better when researchers helpedthem to overcome their negative feelings.However, optimists should be careful.
Over-optimistic people can sometimes ignorepotential problems. Indeed, a person who is always positive in every situation, includingtimes of crisis, is unlikely to be considered normal.132 Based on the information in the article, are the following statements “true”, “false” or “Don’tknow”?1. Being an optimist always results in better outcomes. False2. Optimists are likely to blame bad results on other people.3. Optimists can sometimes view bad events as having potentially positive outcomes.4. Pessimists will always view a poor exam result as their own fault.5. Low-achieving students are always pessimistic.3 Choose the best definition for following words from the text:1. overcome (para. 5)a.
to successfully deal with something or control itb. to forget about somethingc. to achieve something2. over-optimistic (para. 6)a. not optimistic enough (negative meaning)b. too optimistic (negative meaning)c. very optimistic (positive meaning)Speaking1 With your partner, discuss the following questions.1. What are the positive and negative aspects of pessimistic and optimistic people in givensituations? Think of situations where it is better to be a pessimist.2. Can people be categorised as optimists and pessimists or do all people have elements of bothin different situations?2 Role-play very pessimistic or very optimistic roles.
Do it in the form of a dialogue.Extra Grammar: Present Simple and Present Continuous1Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them where necessary.1. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.2. The water boils. Can you turn it off?3. Look! That man tries to open the door of your car.4. Can you hear those people? What do they talk about?5. The moon goes round the earth in about 27 days.6. I must go now.
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