И.Ю. Коваленко - Тематические тексты для развития навыков устной речи (Уровень А1-А2) (1110501), страница 6
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We should recycle paper, bottles and clothes; save, keep and protect tropicalrainforests; plant more trees; save water and energy.1)2)3)4)5)6)Why are people worried about the environment?What is pollution?What are the major environmental problems?What causes damage to the environment?What is conservation?What should we do to protect the environment?Задание 2.
Прочитайте тексты и ответьте на вопросы.The Greenhouse effectPollution from cars, factories, and power stations is causing harmfulgreenhouse gases to build up in the Earth‟s atmosphere. These gases prevent heatfrom escaping, and as a result our planet is getting warmer. This process is knownas global warming.Global warming is causing the ice at the North and South Poles to melt andsea levels and sea temperatures to rise, leading to serious flooding and violentstorms in many parts of the world.
In other places, there will be less rain and theland will be turned into desert.Pollution from carsThe biggest polluter today is the car. Exhaust fumes are the main cause ofpoor air quality, which can make people feel ill and have difficulty in breathing.This problem is especially bad in cities, where the number of cars is increasingevery year, causing serious congestion and filling the air with smog.Governments try to improve the situation by encouraging people to use theircars less or buy cars that do not use as much fuel.The destruction of animal habitatsAll over the world, wildlife habitats are being destroyed. There are manyendangered species that could soon become extinct.
Rainforests are being cut downso that people can grow crops and feed the world‟s increasing population. Modernfarming methods, for example using pesticides and genetically modified crops, arehaving a very bad effect on the food chain. Killing insects may be useful forgrowing crops, but it reduces the amount of available food for other animals andbirds.Climate change is also making conditions difficult for some animals. In theArctic, the ice is melting, threatening the survival of animals such as polar bears.Alternative sources of energyBurning fossil fuels to produce energy causes a lot of pollution.
Renewablesources of energy such as wind power, wave power, and solar power are much23cleaner. People can also easily reduce the amount of energy they use. A lot ofelectricity is wasted by leaving on lights, televisions, and other electricalequipment when they are not being used.Our society produces huge amounts of waste, which end up having to beburned, buried, or taken out to sea.
This waste produces greenhouse gases, and alsospoils the environment. If we recycle material such as glass, paper, and metal, thiswill reduce the amount of waste that is produced.Environmentally-friendly forms of transportIf more people used public transport, this would reduce the amount ofpollution. Public transport is much more environmentally-friendly, because busesand trains can carry large numbers of people at the same time, whereas cars oftencarry only one person. Car pools are another way of reducing the number of carson our roads. The big car companies are also working on developing new enginetechnology, so that cars can run on cleaner fuels such as hydrogen instead ofpetrol. For shorter journeys cycling is a much healthier alternative to driving a car,and many towns have introduced special cycle lanes.Green productsWe can also help the environment by choosing to buy green products, forexample organic foods that are produced without using pesticides.
Not only arepesticides bad for the environment, the chemicals in them can also be harmful tohumans. If we buy wood from sustainable sources, this will mean that our forestscan be maintained for future generations.So much of modern life is based around shopping and buying new things.Everything is out-of-date in only a few years or even months. If we stopped buyingand throwing away so many things, this would help ease the pressure on theenvironment.1)2)3)4)5)6)What is happening to our environment?What is the “greenhouse effect”?Why are cars harmful to the environment?How are animal habitats destroyed?What are the alternative sources of energy?What can be done to make transport more environmentally-friendly? 7) Howcan we help the environment?TEMA 12. WORK AND CAREERЗадание 1.
Изучите возможные ответы на вопросы, связанные с работой,и опишите работу кого-либо из своих знакомых.24People may ask you about your job. They can ask you and you can answer indifferent ways:What do you do?I‟m a banker/an engineer/a teacherWhat‟s your job?I work in a bank/marketingWhat do you do for a living? I work for Union Bank/FiatWhat do you do in your job? I‟m in charge of all deliveries out of the factory.I have to deal with any complaints.I run the coffee bar and restaurant in the museum.What are your daily duties?I go to a lot of meetings.I visit/see/meet clients.I advise clients.Working hoursFor many people in Britain these are 8.30-9.00 a.m.to 5.00- 5.30 p.m.
So people often talk about anine-to-five job. Some people have flexi-time (theycan start and hour or so earlier or finish later); andsome have to do shiftwork (working at differenttimes). Some people also work overtime (workextra hours).Задание 2. Составьте 10 вопросов к тексту.The career ladderA Getting a jobWhen Paul left school he applied for a job in the accounts department of a localengineering company. They gave him a job as a trainee (a very junior person in acompany). He didn‟t earn very much but they gave him a lot of training (organisedhelp and advice with learning the job), and sent him on training courses.B Moving upPaul worked hard at the company and his prospects looked good. After his firstyear he got good pay rise, and after two years he was promoted.
After six years hewas in charge of (responsible for / the boss of) the accounts department with fiveother employees under him.C Leaving the companyBy the time Paul was 30, however, he decided he wanted a fresh challenge (a newexciting situation). He was keen to work abroad, so he resigned from his companyand started looking for a new job with a bigger company. After a couple of monthshe managed to find a job with an international company which involved a lot offoreign travel. He was very excited about the new job and at first he really enjoyedthe travelling, but…D Hard timesAfter about six months, Paul started to dislike the constant moving around, andafter a year he hated it; he hated living in hotels, and he never really made anyfriends in the new company.
Unfortunately his work was not satisfactory either andfinally he was sacked a year later.25After that, Paul found things much more difficult. He was unemployed (out ofwork / without the job) for over a year. He had to sell his car and move out of hisnew house. Things were looking bad and in the end Paul had to accept a part-timejob (working only some of the day or some of the week) on a fruit and vegetablestall in a market.E Happier timesTo his surprise, Paul loved the market.
He made lots of friends and enjoyedworking out in the open air. After two years, he took over (took control of) thestall. Two years later he opened a second stall, and after ten years he had fifteenstalls. Last year Paul retired at the age of 55, a very rich man.Задание 3. Изучите следующие правила поведения на работе и составьтерассказ о правилах поведения в университете.Company rules1.
Work begins at 8.30 everyday, so you have to be here on time every morning.2. Please turn off your mobile phone, because you can‟t make personal calls insidethe building.3. The company has a no smoking policy, so you have to go outside for a cigarette.4. Everybody has a personal code for the photocopier, so you have to get onebefore you use it.5. It‟s very important to ask your boss for permission to go home early, so youcan‟t leave early without asking her.6. Mrs. Clark is the only person who can use the fax machine, so you can‟t use itwithout her permission.7. Everybody wears informal clothes here, so you don‟t have to wear a suit.8.
The company restaurant is open all day, so you can get something to eat withoutleaving the building.9. The coffee machine is free, so you don‟t have to pay for hot drinks.10. There are lots of restaurants and sandwich bars near the office so you don‟thave to eat in the company restaurant.11.
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