Read the text about the main inventions in electronics and complete - Ответ на вопрос №267213

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Read the text about the main inventions in electronics and complete the table with the missing information.

Electronics is the branch of science which controls electricity in order to convey a signal using semiconductor materials. These signals represent numbers, letters, sounds, pictures, computer instructions or other information. Radio systems were developed to read and understand these signals and in 1920 radio broadcasting started making it possible for electromagnetic waves to travel long distances.

More sophisticated devices were needed during the Second World War and the invention of radar (Radio Detection and Ranging) represented a further step in electronics, making it possible to determine the altitude, direction and speed of moving and fixed objects.

The invention of television in the 1920s was one of the most revolutionary and popular inventions in history and it showed the importance of electronics in certain branches of industry. For the first time in history it became possible to transmit images and sound over wire circuits.

The first computer appeared in 1946. This machine, which could solve a wide range of computing problems, was built over a period of three years by a team of American scientists working at the University of Pennsylvania. It was a huge machine weighing almost 50 tons.

The first transistor was assembled in 1957 by a team of scientists working at the Bell Laboratories in the U .S.A, and it was a real coming of age in the science of electronics because it replaced the use of valves. Transistors are very small, easy to handle, cheap, and they use little power.

The silicon chip - which followed the transistor in the 1960s - can contain up to several thousand transistors packed and interconnected in layers beneath the surface. It is really tiny (usually less than one centimetre square and about half a millimetre thick) and it has paved the way to microelectronics.

Electronics has influenced and improved the way information is stored, processed and distributed. Social and personal life has been deeply affected by these inventions and many financial, business, medical, education and political routines have been speeded up.

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