P. K. Nag. Engineering Thermodynamics

Scilab Textbook Companion forEngineering Thermodynamicsby P. K. Nag1Created byRohit DeshmukhDual Degree ProgrammeOthersIIT BombayCollege TeacherNACross-Checked byAugust 10, 20131 Fundedby a grant from the National Mission on Education through ICT,http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro. This Textbook Companion and Scilabcodes written in it can be downloaded from the ”Textbook Companion Project”section at the website http://scilab.inBook DescriptionTitle: Engineering ThermodynamicsAuthor: P. K.

NagPublisher: Tata McGraw - Hill Education Pvt. Ltd., New DelhiEdition: 4Year: 2008ISBN: 0-07-026062-11Scilab numbering policy used in this document and the relation to theabove book.Exa Example (Solved example)Eqn Equation (Particular equation of the above book)AP Appendix to Example(Scilab Code that is an Appednix to a particularExample of the above book)For example, Exa 3.51 means solved example 3.51 of this book.

Sec 2.3 meansa scilab code whose theory is explained in Section 2.3 of the book.2ContentsList of Scilab Codes51 Introduction112 Temperature143 Work and heat transfer164 First law of thermodynamics225 First law applied to flow processes276 Second law of thermodynamics337 Entropy378 Available energy Availability and irreversibility459 Properties of pure substances5610 Properties of gases and gas mixture6811 Thermodynamic relations Equilibrium and stability8112 Vapour power cycle8313 Gas power cycle9414 Refrigeration cycle101315 Psychrometrics10716 Reactive systems11217 Compressible fluid flow11918 Gas compressors1254List of Scilab CodesExaExaExaExa1.11.21.31.4ExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExa1.52.12.22.33.13.23.33.43.5ExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExa3.63.73.83.93.103.114.14.24.3Exa 4.4Calculting gas pressure .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculating inlet and exhaust pressure in pascals . . .Converting various readings of pressure in kPa . . . .Calculating the depth of earth atmosphere required toproduce given pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Determining net upward force experienced by astrounautCalculations on straight bore thermometer . . . . .

. .Calculation of thermometer reading . . . . . . . . . .Calculting temperature for given resistance . . . . . .Calculation of magnitude of velocity . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of work done on atmosphere by balloon . .Calculation of work done by atmosphere . . . .

. . . .Calculation of net work transfer for the system . . . .Calculation of net rate of work transfer from the gas topiston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of dimension of cylindrical furnace . . . .Calculations on alluminium furnace . . . . . . .

. . .Calculation on work required for automization . . . .Calcultion on electric motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of work done by piston cylinder system . .Calculation of work done in PV cycle . . . . . . . . .Calculation of change in internal energy of gas . . . .Calculations on PV cycle .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of net rate of work output in a piston andcylinder machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Thermodynamics calculations of a substance with giveninternal energy function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51111121213141415161616171718181919202022222324Exa 4.5ExaExaExaExa4.65.15.25.3ExaExaExaExaExa5.45.55.65.75.9Exa 6.1ExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExa6.26.46.56.76.86.97.17.2Exa 7.3Exa 7.5Exa 7.8Exa 7.9Exa 7.10Exa 7.11Exa 7.12Exa 7.13Exa 8.1Thermodynamics calculations of a cylinder with giveninternal energy function .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation on PV cycle of a stationary fluid system .Calculation on an air compressor . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculations across a control volume . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of steam flow rate between a boiler and turbine . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of quantity of steam supplied to a heater .Calculations across a heat exchanger . . . . . . . . . .Calculations on a gas turbine . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of velocity of exhaust jet . . . . . . . . . .Thermodynamics calculations of air with given internalenergy function . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of least rate of heat rejection by a cyclicheat engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of least power for a domestic food freezer .Calculations on a carnot engine . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculations on reversible heat engine . . . . . . . . .Determination of heat multiplication factor . . .

. . .Estimation of minimum collector area of solar area . .Determination of minimum solar panel area . . . . . .Calculation of entropy change of water . . . . . . . . .Entropy change calculations of a heat reservoir and universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .Entropy change calculations between ice and universeCalculation of entropy change for a gas . . . . . . . .Calculation of highest temperature in three body systemof constant heat capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of mxaximum amount of work for a systemwith given heat capacity . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .Heat calculation for a reversible adiabatic compressioncycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Establishment of direction of flow in a insulated duct .Determination of possibility of a hypothetical devicethermodynamically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of heat transfer through a room . . . . . .Calculation of fraction of available energy in heat transfer624252728282930303131333334343535363737383939404242434345Exa 8.2ExaExaExaExaExaExaExa8.38.48.58.68.78.88.9Exa 8.10ExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExa8.118.128.148.158.168.178.188.198.209.19.39.49.59.69.79.89.99.109.119.129.139.149.159.16Calculation of increase in available energy in a steamboiler .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of available energy in water . . . . . . . .Calculation of decrease in available energy in water . .Calculation of the final RPM of the flywheel . . . . . .Energy calculations on air . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . .Energy calculation of air through a turbine . . . . . .Energy calculation on a air preheater . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of rate of energy degradation of gas flowingthrough a pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of rate of energy lossof gas flowing througha pipe . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Energy calculation on mixing of stream of water . . .Calculations on efficiency of burning of fuel . . . . . .Calculation of power and efficiency in a compressor . .Determination of energy of vaccume . . . . . . . . . .Calculation of energy produced in chilling process of fishThermodynamic calculation on air .

. . . . . . . . . .Energy calculation of steam through turbine . . . . . .Availability calculations on a furnace . . . . . . . . . .Energy calculation of air through compressor . . . . .Calculations on vapourization of steam . . . . . . . . .Finding the entropy and enthalpy of steam . . . . . .Finding the entropy and enthalpyand volume of steamCalculations of thermodynamics properties of mixtureof air and steam . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .energy calculation on cooling of steam . . . . . . . . .energy calculation on expansion of steam . . . . . . .Determination of velocity of steam leaving through steamCalculation of moisture of steam . . . . . . . . . . . .Finding the quantity of steam in pipeline . . . .

. . .Calculation of heat transferred in a steam bolier . . .Calculations on heat transfer in a cylinder and pistonsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Energy calculations in an insulated vessel . . . . . . .Energy calculation on steam passing through turbine .Energy calculation on a steam turbine . . .

. . . . . .Determination of energy of different phases of water .7454646474748484949505152525253535454565657575859596060616162636465Exa 9.17Exa 9.18Exa 10.1Exa 10.2ExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExaExa10.310.410.510.610.710.810.910.1110.1210.1310.1410.1510.1610.1711.311.411.612.112.212.312.412.512.612.712.812.912.1012.1112.1213.113.2Calculations on a heat exchanger . .