Technical_English_3_-_WB (Technical_English_3 WB тетрадь), страница 12

(capability)564 Word list==~=====1;;:==;;;;;:;::::;;9durableelastic==~==;;;!;;:====1=====C==1====;;;!impact-absorbentaramid fibrebulletproofcarbon fibrechildproofcompositefireproofgraphiteovenproofKevlar'waterproofnyloncor rosion-resistantpolypropyleneimpact-resistantpolyurethane foamshock-resistantsynthetic fibreheat-tolerantstrong in•compressioncompressivestrengthstain-resistantthermoplasticpolyurethane (TPU)water-resistantNOUNSstrong in tensiontensile strengthADJECTIVESabrasiontorsional strengthhigh-performancestud--strong in torsion'-----.....•heat resistantheat resistanceresponsiveVERBSstrong in shearshear strengthADVERBabsorbtoleranceincrediblystretchtolerant•lightweight1 Complete this table with resistance adjectives from column 3 of the W-ord list. Theremay be more than one possible answer.waterproof12jacketsafety lock in78a car9jacket forcamern, or10fighting soldierson locationdish for cookingfoam -lined pad56door.for hotelsworktop surface4atch fOfwet weatherlaboratory3boa hullcooking po1112Uppef0afootball boot2 Match the adjectives 1-8 with their definitions a-h.123456783f absorbentductiledurableelasticflammableflexiblemalleablerigida)b)c)d)e)can stretch and go back to its original Jengthcan resist loads without bendingcan be rolled or pulled into a longer, thinner shapeburns easilycan be permanently forllled into a new shapef) can reduce the effect of a sudden impactg) can bend easily without breakingh) stays in good condition for a long timeListen to and repeat the highlighted adjectives in column I of the V,ord Ii Land the highlighted nouns in column 2.

Underline the syllable with the main tress ineach word.1 Threats1 Write sentences about the two graphs, using the future perfect of the verb in bracketsand by, to or at.80702000Gt = gigatonnes1800..".60'[ 1600(/)c50cCii40£1.S0ECDON()(I)302010014001200ec0(/)ppm = parts per million,,,... --- ..,,.-:. "------- --2000 '20 '40 '60 '80 2100Year0c00ON1000800600()4002002000 '20 '40 '60 '80 2100YearIn the worst case scenariois-=-ec..:n---'t-=-o_ _ _ 18 gigatonnes per year.1 By 2040, CO 2 emissions ___--'w--"c..:.'/I_h:=-a"-l'-=-e-'-.rc.::(rise)w ___i/l..c.h.:.:a:.cl'-=-e--'-in'-'-c::...cr-=-e-=-a-=-s-=-ed::..:....:cb"'-y_ _ 23 gigatonnes per year.2 By 2080, CO 2 emissions _ _--'(increase)3 By 2080, CO 2 concentrations _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 400 parts per miIIion ~ ,,"(grow)4 By 2100, CO 2 concentrations - - - - -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 920 ppm.

(climb)In the best case scenario5 By 2080, CO 2 emissions _____________ 6 gigatonnes per annum.(stabilise)6 By 2100, CO 2 emissions _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 gigatonnes p.a. (drop)7 By 2080, CO 2 concentrations520 parts per million.(increase)8 By 2100, CO 2 concentrations _ _ __ __ _ _ _ __ _ 200 ppm. (rise)2 Write summaries about what will have happened by the year 2060.

Use the prompts,and the future perfect active or passive. A double slash W] indicates a sentence break.Example: J By 2060, the glaciers south of the Himalayas will have melted. The greatrivers coming from the glaciers will have run dry. ...123458IIOppor1l1nitie ~2060 I glaciers I south of Himalayas I melt II great rivers I coming from glaciers I rundry II all agriculture I river valleys I cease II entire populations I displace2060 I ice caps I Greenland I Arctic / melt II sea level I rise I by at least 0.4 metres IIlow-lying areas I flood / some countries I like I Maldives I abandon2060 I climate change I cause / extreme global warming // many areas I intropics I as well as I Mediterranean basin / affect / by droughts and fires // manypopulations I these areas I force I to migrate I southwards and northwards I find Itemperate climates2060 I increased global temperatures I cause I by continued burning I forestedareas II by this time I parts I frozen tundra I Siberia I start I to thaw I releasingmethane I into I atmosphere 1/ many forests I northeast Asia I destroy / fires I fuelledby methane2 Innovation1 Complete the description of a sailboard, using the words in the box..aerodynamic apparent wind direction drag friction inclinedkeel lift like polycarbonate propels relies rigid similar(9)in the direction of the wind, sothe wind lifts the mast and sailboard, thereby reducing dragover the water.

This occurs when sailing at high speed atright angles to a strong wind.A sailboard (1)relieson a flexiblenylon and polyester sail, (2)toa sail on a small boat. The flow of wind across the sail(3)the craft forwards. This force ,combined with the very low (4) _ _ _ __ _ _or friction , of high-performance boards, enables the craftto plane across the surface of the water. In high wi nds,aerodynamic (5)is maximised ,while (6)(or drag) is minimised.A high-performance sailboard is (7) _ _ _ _ _ __a sailing yacht, in that the wind pushes the 5ailboardin the (8)of travel.

However, in'displacement sailing' a yacht moves through the water,whereas in aquaplaning, or 'planing', a sailboard skims overthe surface at high speeds. In addition, the mast isA long sailboard is wind-powered, like a sailing boat, butinstead of a (10), it has a fixed finat the rear, and a rigid daggerboard in the centre that canbe raised or lowered .

The mast is made of light but flexible(11), and the rigid boom is madeof aluminium, coated with rubber.Once a sailboard starts to move, it creates an(12), which can be stronger andfaster th an the true wind. With the smallest and lightestboards, there is very little surface area in contact with thewater and so very little drag. (13) _ _ _ _ __effi ciency combined with a ( 14) _ _ _ _ _ __board with low drag results in high speeds, with the aridspeed record currently close to 100 kph.2 Write sentences about the similarities and differences between these pairs of \-ehicles.using the characteristics in the table below.Example: 1 A helicopter doesn't resemble a glider in any way. It uses revoLving blades tofly instead of wings.

A helicopter is powered, whereas a glider is unpowered.1 helicopter / glider4 space shuttle / helicopter2 submarine / submersible5 jet ski / hovercraft3 drone / glider6 hovercraft / helicopterVehicleCharacteristicsVehicleCharacterist icsHelicopterflies at low altitude and can hover;carries passengers and goods; flies bymeans of revolving blades, not wingsGliderpiloted, unpow ered; one- or two-personversionsSpace shuttlepiloted; carries out research in space;has wings and lands on a runwayDronepow ered , unmanned small plane, guidedby remote control; used for photographyand defence purposesSubmarinemanned; propels itself under water; usedwhen submerged for defence purposesJet skitravels over water, propelled by waterthrust; can carry one passenger but notgoodsSubmersibleunmanned device; carries outunderwater operations or research tests;can reach extreme ocean depthsHovercrafthovers on a cu shion of air, travels overland , water and marshy ground; carriespassengers, good s and vehiclesOpportunitie -593 Priorities1' '-"is Listen to a marketing meetingand complete columns A-O of the tablewith yes or no to indicate progress inthe car manufacturing industry.

Writethe name of the fifth system.AR&DSystem1 solarpowerIyesBCDEPrototypeManufactureInfrastructureNotestestingin progressin placeyes2 batteryexchange(switchstati on)><countries currently usingswitch stations:---3 batteryrecharging(domesticplug-in)units to be produced theyear after next: ___range: ___ kmtop speed: ___ kphrecharging speed: up to___ % in less than 30minutes~.4 hydrogenfuel cell5cost coming down at arate of ___ % p.a..esincrease in models: from_ __ to _ __growth in market share:from ___ to ___ %2 Listen again and complete the notes in column E of the table in 1.3&» Listen and make notes on the second part of the meeting.

Write the systemsfrom 1 that the speaker preclicts w ill be best for future large-scale use.Type of energy zoneShort-termMedium-termA solar power1) solar power1) solar powerLong-termB hydro-electric power;geothermal powerc nuclear power4 Answer these questions about the s stems in 1. Then listen again and check.Which system ...solar power1 is the least expensive to run?2 is the least harmful system for the environment? __________3 is the cheapest system to buy? _____ _ _ _ __4 requires an initial investment in infrastructure? ___________5 is the most convenient system for car drivers? ___________6 requires the greatest investment in infrastructure? ___________i2. -..

-4 Word listNOUNSNOUNSCOMPOUND(climate change)(innovations)NOUNSatmospheredragaerodynam ic liftconvenientconcentrationfrictionapparent windexceptionalcyclonefusionbattery exchangehigh-perfonnanceemissionhovercraftbattery recharginghugegigatonnemiraclebest-case scenariomassiveglaciernanotechnologyhydrogen fuel cellrenewableice capsurfboardsolar panelsimilarpatterntractionwind turbinespectacularpredictionVERBSworst-case scenariotrendADJECTIVESIstaggeringinvesttechnologicalmaximisetremendousminimiserelyresemblesmashtipn1Underline the correct pre po ilion, orE if no prepo ition i requi red.1 The compan in ested in / onto / (~'O E) a new project2 The compan hopes to maximi e up I to I (. n, E) i profits by reducingstaffing levels.3 The manager relied in I on 1 (, OrvE) up-lo-<lale m.arketing reports.4 The sailing craft resembled to I at I (J :0 E) a triangle or slim girders.5 The prototype craft smashed at I into I (NO rE) the cliff face..6 The sailing craft tipped over onto I into I (.

ONE) i side.2Underline the one noun that cannot be combined with each adjecm--e ' bokl1 exceptional efficiency weather atmosphere impro\-ement2 huge increase improvement effort prediction3 massive force impact trend explosion4 spectacular pattern building rise result5 staggering speed record exchange achie ement6 tremendous force weakness impact earthquake3Complete the text using nouns from column 1 in the singular or plural.Since the mid 18th century, (1) emissions of CO 2 by industrialised nations bal-eincreased. Millions of (2)of CO 2 have been discharged.