Нуруллаев Р.Т._summery (Информационный посредник как субъект информационного права)

2National Research UniversityHigher School of EconomicsRuslan Timurovich NurullaevINFORMATION INTERMEDIARYAS A SUBJECT OF INFORMATION LAWPhD Dissertation Summary for the purpose of obtainingPhilosophy Doctor in Law HSEAcademic Supervisor:Bogdanovskaya Irina YuryevnaDoctor of Law, ProfessorMoscow - 20183The thesis was completed in the International Laboratory for Information Technologyand Intellectual Property Law of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institutionof Higher Education - National Research University Higher School of EconomicsThe text of the thesis is deposited and available on the website of the Higher School ofEconomics: https://www.hse.ru/sci/diss/12.00.13 – Information lawAcademic SecretaryDissertation Council in LawDoctor of Science, assistant professorIrina Alexandrovna Emelkina4GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE WORKRelevance of the Research Topic.

As the information society develops,information becomes more and more accessible. Activities of informationintermediaries engaged in the transfer, storage of, and granting access to informationhelp exercising information rights.Information intermediaries play an important role in the development of thedigital economy. Indeed, half of the world's ten highest-value companies accordingto Fortune are doing business in the transfer, storage of, and granting access toinformation using the Internet1. However, services of the information intermediaries canalso be used by Internet users and website owners to disseminate illegal information.This raises the question of legal regulation of activities of information intermediariesand their liability.These facts demonstrate that the topic of this thesis research is relevant.The work provides a comparative legal analysis of the status of informationintermediaries in the US, EU and Russian Federation.

US law was chosen as the US isone of the first countries which introduced legislation regulating the status ofinformation intermediaries. EU law is examined, in particular, because of the closenessof the legal systems of the Russian Federation and EU member states (it is importantthat the Russian Federation and EU member states are members of the Council ofEurope).Degree of Scientific Development of the Issue. Until recently, Russian legalscience has paid limited attention to studying the legal status of informationintermediaries. However, after changes had been made in the laws that had introducedthe term "information intermediary" in Russian laws and regulated rights, duties, andlegal liability of information intermediaries, Russian scholars focused on studying thelegal status of information intermediaries.As a rule, Russian legal researches studied issues related to the legal status of1 Shen. L. Here Are the Fortune 500's 10 Most Valuable Companies [Electronic Source] // Fortune : site.

May 21, 2018. URL:http://fortune.com/2018/05/21/fortune-500-most-valuable-companies-2018/ (access date: June 13, 2018).5information intermediaries or specific elements of the legal status of informationintermediaries.For example, general regulatory issues of information dissemination on theInternet were studied in the works of V.B. Naumov2, A.G. Sergo3, and R.V. Markaryan4.The right to access information was studied in the works of A.A.

Zadkov5 andA.A. Shcherbovich6. Restriction of access to information was studied by O.A.Kudryashova7, S.Yu. Filippova8, and I.I. Chernykh9. The problem of protectingcopyright and related rights on the Internet was studied in the thesis researches by S.B.Breus10, A.A. Vilinov11, A.G. Deyneko12, D.A. Kobylyatsky13, and M.F. Radaykin14. Theissues of legal liability of information intermediaries were raised in the works byE.A. Voynikanis15, A.I. Savelyev16, and V.O. Kalyatin17.2 Naumov, V.

B. Legal Regulation of Information Dissemination in the Internet [Pravovoye regulirovaniye rasprostraneniya informatsii vseti Internet] : Thesis of ... Ph.D. in Law : 12.00.14 / St. Petersburg, 2013, 165 p.; Naumov V. B. Law and the Internet : Essays on Theoryand Practice [Pravo i Internet: ocherki teorii i praktiki]. Moscow : Universitet Book House, 2002.3 Sergo A.G. Internet and Law [Internet i pravo]. Moscow : Bestseller, 2003.4 Markaryan, R.V. Improvement of Legal Regulation of Information Dissemination Through Information and Communication Networksin the Russian Federation [Sovershenstvovanie pravovovo regulirovaniya rasprostraneniya informatsii cherez informatsionnokommunikatsionnye seti v Rossiyskoy Federatsii] : Abstract of Thesis of ...

Ph.D. in Law : 12.00.14 / Moscow, 2011. 24 p.5 Zadkov, A. A. Constitutional Right to Access Information in the Russian Federation [Konstitutsionnoye parvo na dustup k informatsii] :Thesis of ... Ph.D. in Law : 12.00.02 / Moscow, 2006. 180 p.6 Shcherbovich, A. A. Constitutional Guarantees of the Liberty of Speech and the Right to Access Information on the Internet[Konstitutsyonnye garantii svobody slova i prava dostupa k informatsii v seti Internet]: Thesis of ... Ph.D. in Law : 12.00.02 / Moscow,2013. 250 p.7 Kudryashova, O.A. Restriction of Freedom to Disseminate Information in Order to Combat Extremist Activities:Constitutional and Legal Aspect [Ogranicheniye svobody rasprostraneniya informatsii v tselyah protivodeystviya ektremistskoydeyatelnosti: konstitutsionno-pravovoy aspekt]: Thesis of ... Ph.D. in Law : 12.00.02 / St.

Petersburg, 2013. 143 p.8 Filippova, S.Yu. Right of Access to Website Resources: Problems of Civil Law Qualification [Pravo dostupa k resursam internet-saita:problem grazhdansko-pravovoy kvalifikatsii] // Information Law. 2016. No. 1. P. 20-25.9 Chernykh, I.

I. "Anti-piracy" Law: Procedural Issues [“Antipiratskiy” zakon: protsessualnyie voprosy] // Laws of Russia : Experience,Analysis, and Practice. 2014. No. 7. P. 60-66.10 Breus, S.B. Copyright Protection on the Internet [Zashita avtorskikh prav v Internete] : Thesis of ... Ph.D. in Law : 12.00.03 /Moscow, 2005. 219 p.11 Vilinov, A. A.

Issues of Protection of Copyright and Related Rights When Using the Internet Information and TelecommunicationNetwork [Problemy okhrany avtorsovo prava i smezhnykh prav pri ispolzovanii informatsionno-telekommunikatsionnoy seti “Internet”]: Thesis of ... Ph.D. in Law : 12.00.03 / Moscow, 2012. 202 p.12 Deyneko, A. G. Civil Law Regulation of Making Works Publicly Available Using Information and Telecommunication Networks inthe Russian Federation [Grazhdansko-pravovoye regulirovaniye dovedeniya proizvedeniy do vseobshevo svedeniya s ispolzovaniyeminformatsionno-telekommunikatsionnykh setey v Rossiyskoy Federatsii] : Thesis of ... Ph.D.

in Law : 12.00.03 / Moscow, 2013. 175 p.13 Kobylyatsky, D.A. Legal Protection of Works on the Internet [Pravovaya okhrana proizvedeniy v seti internet] : Abstract of Thesis of... Ph.D. in Law : 12.00.03 / Saratov, 2016. 27 p.14 Radaykin, M.F. Legal Mechanisms to Balance Interests of Copyright Proprietors in the Internet Environment [Pravovye mekhanizmyobespecheniya balansa interesov sub’ektov avtorkovo prava v internet-srede] : Abstract of Thesis of ... Ph.D. in Law : 12.00.03 /Moscow, 2013.

26 p.15 Voynikanis, E. A. Intellectual Property Right in the Digital Era: the Paradigm of Balance and Flexibility [Pravo intellektualnoysobstvennosti v tsifrovuyu epokhu: paradigma balansa I gibkosti]. Moscow : Jurisprudence, 2013. Access from ConsultantPlus ReferenceLegal System16 Savelyev, A. I. E-Commerce in Russia and Abroad: Legal Regulation [Eletronnaya kommertsiya v Rossii I za rebezhom: pravovoyeregulirovaniye].

– 2nd Edition. Moscow : Statut, 2016; Savelyev, A. I. Criteria of Availability of Actual and Alleged Knowledge asConditions for Holding the Information Intermediary Liable // Law. 2015. No. 11.17 Commentary on the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Part Four) (Article-by-Article) [Kommentariy k Grazhdanskomu kodeksuRossiyskoy Federatsii]: in 2 Vol. Vol. 1 / Gorlenko, S.A., Kalyatin, V.O., Kiriy, L.

L. [et al.]; Editor-in-Chief L. A. Trakhtengerts. – 2ndEdition. Access from ConsultantPlus Reference Legal System.6Foreign scholars gave special consideration to the regulation of the legal status ofinformation intermediaries. The development of this issue in the works of foreignscholars is attributable, among other things, to the fact that some countries adopted lawsregulating rights, obligations and liability of information intermediaries before the samewere adopted in the Russian Federation.

The regulation of rights and obligations ofinformation intermediaries to delete and restrict access to information as well as theliability of information intermediaries were reviewed in the monographic studies of C.Angelopoulos18,J.J.Hua19, andM. Husovec20.M.A. Araromi21,D.Kopko22,F.G. Wilman23, G.F. Frosio24, and T. Schaefer25 also devoted their articles to this subject.It is also important to mention the comparative legal studies of D. Seng26 and theresearchers of the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law27.Theoretical Framework of the Research.

The works of the following scholarsin legal theory served as a general theoretical basis of the thesis: S.S. Alekseev, A.B.Vengerov, E.A. Voynikanis, V.B. Isakov, V.V. Lazarev, A.V. Malko, et al.When the author performed thesis research, he used theoretical provisions foundin the works of the following scholars on information law: Yu.M. Baturin, I.L. Bachilo,I.Yu. Bogdanovskaya, P.U. Kuznetsov, M.A. Lapina, D.A. Lovtsov, V.N. Lopatin, V.N.Monakhov, V.B. Naumov, L.A. Sergienko, A.A. Tedeev, L.K.

Tereshchenko, M.A.Fedotov, et al.In his research, the author also used the works of the following scholars on18 Angelopoulos C. J. European Intermediary Liability in Copyright. A Tort-Based Analysis. Kluwer Law International, 2016.[Electronic Source] // UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) : site. 2016. URL:https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/2738365/172299_Angelopoulos_thesis_complete.pdf (access date: June 13, 2018).19 Hua J. J. Toward A More Balanced Approach : Rethinking and Readjusting Copyright Systems in the Digital Network Era.

Springer,2014.20 Husovec M. Injunctions Against Intermediaries in the European Union : Accountable But Not Liable? Cambridge University Press,2017.21 Araromi M. A. Determining the liabilities of internet service providers in cyber defamation: a comparative study // Computer andTelecommunications Law Review.

2016. 22(5). P. 123-135.22 Kopko D. Looking for a Crack to Break the Internet’s Back: The Listen4ever Case and Backbone Provider Liability Under theCopyright Act and the DMCA // Computer Law Review and Technology Journal. 2003. Vol. 8. P. 83-117.23 Wilman F. G. A decade of private enforcement of intellectual property rights under IPR Enforcement Directive 2004/48: where do westand (and where might we go)? // European Law Review. 2017. 42(4). P. 509-531.24 Frosio G.

F. Reforming Intermediary Liability in the Platform Economy: A European Digital Single Market Strategy // NorthwesternUniversity Law Review. 2017. 112. P. 19-46.25 Schaefer M. ISP liability for blocking access to third-party infringing content // European Intellectual Property Review. 2016. 38(10).P. 633-638.26 Wilman F. G. A decade of private enforcement of intellectual property rights under IPR Enforcement Directive 2004/48: where do westand (and where might we go)? // European Law Review. 2017.