Е.Р. Фонтанова - Self-Study Book in English Grammar for Junior Students of the Humanities, страница 7

He fell seriously ill yesterday. He can’t attendlessons this week.5. You don’t value his advice. You made a lot ofmistakes in your presentation.6. She found the task of adjusting nearlyoverwhelming. She isn’t participating.7. All his impressions merged. He is passive.8. He wasn’t able to adapt to new circumstances.He is leaving the country now.35Reported SpeechStatementsDirect SpeechReported Speech“I work hard,’ he said. He said (that) he worked hard.“I am working hard,” he said. He said (that) he was working hard.“I have worked hard,” he said. He said (that) he had worked hard.“I worked hard,” he said. He said (that) he had worked hard.“I will work hard,” he said. He said (that) he would work hard.“I have been working hard,” he said. He said (that) he had been working hard.“I am going to work harder,” he said.“I can work harder,” he said. He said (that) he was going to workharder. He said (that) he could work harder.“I may work harder,” he said. He said (that) he might work harder.“I must work harder,” he said.“I should work harder,” he said. He said (that) he had to/ must workharder. He said (that) he should work harder.“I ought to work harder,” he said. He said (that) he ought to work harder.Notes:The tenses do not change in Reported Speech when:1.

The reporting verb is in the Present, Future orPresent Perfect tense.2. The speaker expresses general truths, permanentstates and conditions.3. The speaker is reporting something immediatelyafter it was said (up to date).4. If the reported sentence is Conditional Type II/Type III or a wish.“The station is far from here,” he says. He says the station is far from here.“Water turns into ice,” he said He said water turns into ice.“I will call you back,” he said. He said he will call me back. (immediatereporting – up to date) He said he would call me back.

(laterreporting – out of date)“I wish I were rich,” he said. He said he wished he were rich.“If I were you, I would apologize,” he said. He said that if he were me, he wouldapologize.3631. Translate into English using the Active Vocabulary and Reported Speech.Он сказал, что в большей степени это зависит от нашего решения.Секретарша сообщила нам, что возникла ещё одна трудность.Я с удивлением обнаружил, что она опытная медсестра.Мы склонны были думать, что он не справится с этим заданием.Он пришёл к выводу, что их исследование имеет огромное практическое значение.Он сказал, что ему пришлось снять свою кандидатуру.Она написала, что не смогла приспособиться к новым условиям и скоро вернётсяназад.8.

Он сказал, что станет легче после того, как мы осуществим все необходимыеизменения.9. Он был уверен, что если они хотят приспособиться к новой стране, единственныйспособ - это опыт и знакомство со страной10. Он был уверен, что если у него будет достаточно опыта, он справится с этим.11.

Она сказала нам, что поедет туда, если возникнет необходимость.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.Phrasal Verbs: give, go, take.32. Fill in the correct preposition.1.2.3.4.5.6.Her secret was given _____ by her friend by mistake.He has tried to give _____ smoking twice.When milk turns sour, it gives _____ a horrible smell.The teacher’s patience finally gave _____.They were forced to give _____ to the enemy.Ricky went _____ the flu.7.

My aunt has gone _____ that pop quiz.8. The fireworks went _____ at midnight.9. There wasn’t enough cake to go _____ .10. Before going to bed, we watched the fire slowly go _____.11. The detective carefully went _____ the facts with thewitness.12. Sheila has taken _____ her mother in looks. They are veryalike.13. I was taken _____ completely by all his lies.14.

When he retired, he took _____ collecting postcards.15. She took my mother _____ the headmistress.16. Please take _____ your shoes before you come into thehouse.17. He took _____ the company when his father died.18. We were all taken _____ by his rude behaviour.Key:1. away2. up3. off4. out5. in6. downwith7. in for8. off9. round10. out11. over1.2.3.4.5.6.out, away, up, offaway, off, up, outin, up, off, toaway, back, up, outin, back, off, outdown with, up, over,away7. along, back on, in for, by8.

into, off, on, out9. for, down, through,round10. out, off, up, with11. away, by, back on, over12. away, for, after, off13. on, in, down, out14. out, to, back, up15. off, for, aback, in16. on, up, out, off17. out, over, up, back18. aback, to, away, down12. after13. in14. up15. for16. off17. over18. aback37QuestionsDirect speechReported speech“Do you work hard enough?” she said tohim. She asked him if/whether he worked hardenough.He asked me, “What time is it?” He asked me what time it was.33.

Turn the following into indirect questions.Example:Is Pete at home? (I wonder) I wonder if (whether) Pete is athome.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.Have you given way to his demands? (I wonder)Did she give up her studies last year? (Do you know)Did her patience give out? (I wonder)Did he give in his resignation last week? (I’d like to know)Are you selling it or giving it away? (I don’t understand)Did you take him for a friend of yours? (I don’t remember)Will his assistant take over (his job) after he retires? (Idoubt)8. Do you take to new places quickly? (I’d like to know)9. Did the tourists take a lot of pictures of the city? (Couldyou tell me)10.

Does she take care of her pet? (I wonder)11. Will he take to his new teacher? (I don’t know)12. Is the plane due to take off in 5 minutes? (Could you tellme)34. Report the sentences above in the past using sequence of tenses.35. Translate into English using phrasal verbs (give, go, take) and Reported Speech.1. Мне бы хотелось знать, когда он подал заявление об отпуске (application for leave).2. Я не понимаю, почему закончились (иссякли) запасы еды (food supplies).3. Я не имею понятия, кто выдал мой план.4. Интересно, почему он не уступит.5.

Ты знал, когда он бросил курить?6. Ты должен выяснить, когда вылетает самолёт.7. Интересно, примет (унаследует) ли он фирму от своего отца.8. Интересно, почему она приняла девочку за вашу сестру.9. Я не знал, чем он занялся вместо фотографии.10. Ему было интересно, кто позаботится об этом.11. Она спросила, участвовал ли он когда-либо в лыжных гонках.12. Вы не знаете, хватит ли на всех кофе?13. Он спросил, будет ли она продолжать работать после того, как родится ребёнок.38Commands and RequestsDirect speechReported speech“Touch your toes,” he said to us.“Don’t lie down,” he said to us.“Please, stay with us tonight,” he said toher.“Can I go out?” he said He told us to touch our toes.(command) He told us not to lie down.

(command) He asked her to stay with them that night.(request) He asked to go out. (request036. Change into reported speech.Example:“Go to your room.” He asked her to go to theroom.1. “Don’t give in.” His friend advised him …2. “You should give up smoking.” The doctor advised my brother…3. “Don’t give me away.” She asked him …4. “I think you should take another English course.” My teacheradvised me …5. “Take no notice of it.” He told me …6. “Take a deep breath.” The doctor told the patient …7. “Don’t give way to despair.” My friend encouraged me …8. “Take the new role.” The producer encouraged the young actor…9.

“The work must be finished one way or another.” He orderedthem…10. “Leave things the way they are.” He advised her …11. “Don’t stand in the way.” He warned me …37. Translate into English using phrasal verbs (give, go, take) and Reported Speech.1. Я с удивлением узнал, что он подал в отставку (resignation).2. Он сказал ей не предаваться отчаянию (despair) и пообещал помочь ей.3. Они были довольны, что тучи разошлись и засияло солнце (тучи уступили местосолнцу).4. Она спросила, кто из них выдал секрет.5. Хотелось бы знать, как быстро ты привыкаешь к новым местам.6. Я не знаю, когда вылетает самолёт.7.

Он спросил, сколько снимков города сделали туристы.8. Интересно, в кого она пошла.9. Он был неуверен, возглавит (примет) ли он фирму вместо отца.10. Полиция потребовала от угонщиков (hijackers) самолёта сдаться.11. Он сказал, что это химическое вещество(chemical) выделяет странный запах.12. Он сказал, что будет очень сердиться на того, кто выдаст этот секрет.39KeyUnit 225.1.2.3.4.5.She was explained how to adapt to new circumstances.This building was adapted for use as a school.They had to adapt their plans, as everything had been prepared badly.He couldn’t adapt to the idea of leaving town. Too much was connected with it.It is difficult to adapt to the idea that our planet is being destroyed by pollution.6.

This equipment will be adjusted tomorrow.7. How are wages of the workers adjusted?8. Weren’t you told to adjust your expenditure to your income?9. You can’t use the device now. It is being adjusted.10. All necessary adjustments had been made before the commission came.11. Is anything being done to adjust the economy and overcome the crisis?12. It is possible to assume that the paintings will be exhibited till the end of the month.13.

We have sufficient ground to assume that the visit of the prime minister will be delayed.14. A new name has been assumed for the firm.15. He assumed responsibility for what had been done yesterday.16. It can well be assumed that our theory will be widely used in practice.17.

Assuming this to be true we decided that the experiment could be continued.18. It all depends when this house will be built.19. Close dependence between these phenomena was mentioned at the conference.20. The interdependence of these economies is explained by their common history.21. That depends. Perhaps the work will have been finished by tonight.22. Everything depended on the length of the excursion that had been booked beforehand.23.