ch6 (Раздаточные материалы), страница 2

Table 6–19 details the 1988 budget plan byinstallation and program office. The tables for each installation list theproperty holdings and their value, personnel levels and characteristics,funding levels, and procurement activity of each installation (see Tables6–21 through 6–78).**DB Chap 6(381-403)1/17/023882:05 PMPage 388NASA HISTORICAL DATA BOOKNASA HeadquartersLocationFrom 1979 to 1988, NASA Headquarters was housed in two federalbuildings in Washington, D.C. One location was on IndependenceAvenue, SW; the second was on Maryland Avenue, SW.AdministratorJames C.

Fletcher (May 1986–April 1989)William R. Graham, Acting (December 1985–May 1986)James Beggs (July 1981–December 1985)1Alan M. Lovelace, Acting (January 1981–July 1981)Robert A. Frosch (June 1977–January 1981)James C. Fletcher (April 1971–May 1977)George M. Low, Acting (September 1970–April 1971)Thomas O. Paine (March 1969–September 1970)James E.

Webb (February 1961–October 1968)T. Keith Glennan (August 1958–January 1961)Deputy AdministratorDale D. Myers (October 1986–May 1989)William R. Graham (November 1985–October 1986)Hans Mark (July 1981–September 1984)Alan Lovelace (July 1976–December 1980)George M. Low (December 1969–June 1976)Thomas O. Paine (March 1968–March 1969)Robert C. Seamans, Jr. (December 1965–January 1968)Hugh L. Dryden (September 1959–December 1965)HistoryThe development of NASA Headquarters before 1979 is detailed inVolumes I and IV of the NASA Historical Data Book.

During the decadefrom 1979 through 1988, several changes occurred in Headquarters-levelorganizations that reflected the changing priorities of the agency. Adetailed description is given in the appropriate chapters of this book andof Volume V. The following paragraphs provide a brief overview.In 1979, NASA established the Office of Space TransportationSystems Operations, and the former Office of Space Transportation1James Beggs went on an indefinite leave of absence beginning December 4,1985, while he was answering charges of fraud alleged to have occurred while hewas executive vice president of General Dynamics Corporation.

He was latercleared of all charges.**DB Chap 6(381-403)1/17/022:05 PMPage 389FACILITIES AND INSTALLATIONS389Systems was renamed Office of Space Transportation SystemsAcquisition. This office focused on completing the Space Shuttle’s production. The Office of Space Transportation Systems Operationsfocused on preparing for the Shuttle system once it was fully tested,scheduling flights, developing pricing policies and launch serviceagreements, and managing the Spacelab and expendable launch vehicleprograms.The only major Headquarters-level reorganization of the decadeoccurred in November 1981.

Since 1978, the field installations hadbeen under the direct control of the NASA Administrator. The 1981reorganization placed each field installation under the administrativecontrol of the associate administrator of a NASA program office thatcorresponded to the installation’s major mission areas. The Office ofSpace Science and Applications took over management of GoddardSpace Flight Center and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The Office ofAeronautics and Space Technology administered Ames ResearchCenter, Langley Research Center, and Lewis Research Center.

TheOffice of Space Flight managed Johnson Space Center, Kennedy SpaceCenter, Marshall Space Flight Center, and the National SpaceTechnology Laboratories/Stennis Space Center. Each Headquartersassociate administrator was responsible for program content andexecution and program and institutional resources for their respectivecenters.This reorganization also merged the Office of Space Science and theOffice of Space and Terrestrial Applications into the Office of SpaceScience and Applications.

In addition, NASA established the Office ofManagement as a new organization to handle part of the functions performed by the Office of Management Operations as well as some of theduties performed by the comptroller.The associate deputy administrator moved outside the Office of theAdministrator to the staff office level. The offices of the chief engineerand chief scientist remained as staff positions in the Office of theAdministrator.In 1982, at the end of the Shuttle’s developmental flights and thebeginning of initial operations, the Office of Space TransportationSystems Operations and the Office of Space Transportation SystemsAcquisitions merged into the Office of Space Flight.

In 1984, the agencyestablished the Office of Space Station, reflecting NASA’s and thenation’s commitment to the program. Also that year, NASA created theOffice of Commercial Programs in response to federal legislation and therecommendation of an agency task force on the commercialization ofspace.Following the Challenger accident in 1986 and at the recommendation of the Rogers Commission, NASA established an independent Officeof Safety, Reliability, Maintainability, and Quality Assurance.

The agencyalso established an Office of Exploration in 1987 as a focus for long-termgoals.**DB Chap 6(381-403)1/17/023902:05 PMPage 390NASA HISTORICAL DATA BOOKMissionNASA Headquarters was responsible for the overall planning, coordination, and control of NASA programs. Headquarters was composedof program offices, which planned and directed agency-wide researchand development programs and management and administrativeprocesses; staff offices, which provided agency-wide leadership in certain administrative and specialized areas; and the Office of theAssociate Deputy Administrator. In addition, other offices with specificfunctions, such as the Office of the Chief Engineer, the Office of theChief Scientist, and the Office of Policy, were established and disestablished over time.

Each of these offices reported directly to theAdministrator. Table 6–20 lists the Headquarters major organizations in1979 and 1988.Ames Research CenterLocationAmes Research Center is located at the south end of San FranciscoBay, approximately fifty-six kilometers southeast of San Francisco,California.

It is adjacent to the U.S Naval Air Station at Moffett Field,California.DirectorDale L. Compton, Acting (July 1989–December 1990)William F. Ballhaus, Jr. (January 1984–February 1988;February 1989–July 1989)Clarence A. Syvertson (April 1978–January 1984)Clarence A. Syvertson, Acting (August 1977–April 1978)Hans Mark (February 1969–August 1977)H.

Julian Allen (October 1965–February 1969)Smith J. De France (October 1958–October 1965)Deputy DirectorDale Compton (January 1985–July 1989)Angelo Guastaferro (October 1980–January 1985)A. Thomas Young (February 1979–February 1980)Clarence A. Syvertson (February 1969–April 1978)HistoryThe National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) foundedwhat would become Ames Research Center as an aircraft research laboratory in 1940. The original name was the Moffett Field Laboratory.

In**DB Chap 6(381-403)1/17/022:05 PMPage 391FACILITIES AND INSTALLATIONS3911944, the center was renamed the Ames Aeronautical Laboratory in honorof Joseph S. Ames, chair of NACA from 1927 to 1939, former presidentof the Johns Hopkins University, and a leading authority on aerodynamics. In 1958, Ames became part of NASA and was renamed AmesResearch Center. In 1981, NASA merged Ames with the Dryden FlightResearch Center. The two installations were then referred to as AmesMoffett and Ames-Dryden.MissionAmes-Moffettʼs major program areas were computer science andapplications, computational and experimental aerodynamics, flight simulation, flight research, hypersonic aircraft, rotorcraft and powered-lifttechnology, aeronautical and space human factors, life sciences, spacesciences, solar system exploration, airborne science and applications, andinfrared astronomy.

The center also supported military programs, theSpace Shuttle, and various civil aviation projects. In addition, it emphasized meeting the needs of the U.S. aerospace industry.Dryden Flight Research CenterLocationDryden Flight Research Center is located at Edwards, California, inthe Mojave Desert, approximately 130 kilometers north of theLos Angeles metropolitan area. It was adjacent to Edwards Air ForceBase and Rogers Dry Lake, a 168-square-kilometer natural surface forlanding.DirectorIsaac T. Gillam IV (June 1978–September 1981)Isaac T.

Gillam IV, Acting (October 1977–June 1978)David R. Scott (August 1977–October 1977)David R. Scott, Acting (April 1975–August 1977)Lee R. Scherer (October 1971–January 1975)Paul F. Bikle (September 1959–May 1971)Walter C. Williams (October 1958–August 1959)Deputy DirectorAngelo Guastaferro (October 1980–October 1981) *Robert P. Johannes (December 1979–October 1980)John Boyd (January 1979–December 1979)Isaac T. Gillam IV (August 1977–June 1978)David R.

Scott (August 1973–August 1977)D.E. Beeler (April 1961–August 1973)*Note from the History Division: Guastaferro was never a Dryden DeputyDirector. Johannes served as Dryden Deputy Director until September1981. William H. Rock was Deputy from November 1975 to January 1976.Scott was Deputy only until 1975. Beeler became Deputy in 1958.**DB Chap 6(381-403)1/17/023922:05 PMPage 392NASA HISTORICAL DATA BOOKHistoryThe U.S. Army originally used the Dryden area as a bombing and gunnery range before World War II. In July 1942, the Army established a formalair base near the town of Muroc, California. The first NACA contingent ofengineers, technicians, and support staff arrived at Muroc from LangleyResearch Center in 1946 on temporary assignment.