41424 (Права человека /English/), страница 3

FREEDOM OF VOICE

Today in Ukraine a distribution of separate periodic editions is forbidden. It is done by local representative authorities, infringing the legislation.

Despite the existence of the laws about the information, press and TV, the access of journalists to the primary sources still remains problematic, and sometimes - impossible, if it touchs interests of the officials.

There are a lot of examples such as the accident with the famous TV program. Broadcast of one of its releases was prohibited by the Supreme Council despite the legislation because of a scene in Parliament. And there are a lot of journalists which insult officials and famous persons. This situation witnesses the low level of culture of our journalists and deputies.

Freedom of voice in Ukraine has not reached an appropriate level yet. Real freedom of word is possible only with the conformity of the whole current legislation with international norms and creation of state gears of regulation.

CONCLUSIONS

The creation of the united legal space in Europe imposes on Ukraine new, difficult obligations to edit the norms of the legislation, coordination of rules of judicial practice with the existing universal and regional agreements. Development of normative base and gears of its realization in the international right considerably advances appropriate Ukrainian parameters of all directions. Therefore it is necessary to update the legislation up to a modern european level. All european international legal system is generated as a system of protection of human rights. Meanwhile the legislation of Ukraine is a system of protection of interests of the state.

Ukrainian Constitution should guarantee, instead of declare the right to life, freedom of voice and free realization of it, to ideological, religious and cultural freedom, freedom to participate in political life and management, right to strike, right to property indemnification of moral losses, caused by illegal actions of state bodies, officials, right to leave the country and to come back to it and so on. The named rights are new for Ukraine and are usual for world practice.

The problem of human rights in Ukraine is difficult, multiplan.

Serious work on adaptation of the current legislation to principles and norms of the international legislation is carried out. You have paid attention how frequently at disputes the national deputies refer to articles of this or that international agreement. Today they do not practically consider bills, if they mention rights of citizens and have not previously passed the examinations of international experts.

In case of especially difficult bills, for example on citizenship, they address or may addreaa an appropriate structure of international organizations and, especially, UNO with the request to grant the consulting help at preparation of the legal act.

All the already adopted acts are now being analized for their conformity to the international standards and international obligations of Ukraine. There are enough frequently accepted laws on amendments and additions to the acting laws.

Before the Declaration of Independence we had not any periodic editions, directly devoted to the questions of human rights. Today more than ten of periodic editions are devoted to this theme. National and international conferences, round tables, seminars etc. are devoted to the questions of human rights.

There is much work to do but now we have a few results.

RESUME

Ukraine has a lot of problems now. One of them is the situation in human rights sphere. Many international pacts, agreements and conventions on human rights and freedoms were signed. There was considerably improved the integration of Ukraine in the international right-defence gear, real steps to increase the warranties of fulfillment of international obligations in human rights sphere were made.

But it is insufficient. The infrigments of human rights by state bodies and officials are numerous. Common to the international practice norms are unknown in Ukraine (or regulary abused). The already declared rights can not be supported because of the global economic crisis.

Today mass misery of the population is the factor, which considerably influences the formation of consciousness of people, of their attitude to updating of society. The success and the prospects of reforms in Ukraine depend on whether existing political parties and movements manage to ensure social support of reforms. The experience of the last years testifies that conditions for occurrence and constant reproduction of subjects of a market economy are extremely slowly created, and they are deformed by the crisis phenomena in our economy.

The human rights are infriged in Ukraine and there is nessesity to refer to international orgsnizations for defence of human rights and freedoms.

Today the international gear of protection of human right acts within the UNO frameworks. One of such UNO bodies is the Human Rights Committee.

The Committee considers the received complaints and offers the countries to give an explanation. After the confidential consideration of the case and explanations or applications of the countries the Committee notifies on consequences of the discussion the interested person and country on which complaint was sent.

There is the an important requirement: The Committee considers such a complaint only when all national opportunities of legal protection were used. So in Ukraine the person should address for the protection of rights to the court and only after the decision of the national court, and in case of the appeal after the decisions of supreme judicial instances, it is possible to refer to the Human Rights Committee.

It's a pity but competence of this committee (and other UNO bodies as well) is largely stopped.

The problem of human rights in Ukraine is difficult, multiplan.

Serious work on adaptation of the current legislation to principles and norms of the international legislation is carried out. Today deputies do not practically consider bills, if they mention rights of citizens and have not previously passed the examinations of international experts. We have to do a lot to make our state a really democratic and legal one.