Magnetic resonance imaging, страница 5

Individual government agencies and the European Commission have now formed a working group to examine the implications on MRI and to try to address the issue of occupational exposures to electromagnetic fields from MRI.

[edit] 2003 Nobel Prize

Reflecting the fundamental importance and applicability of MRI in the medical field, Paul Lauterbur of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign and Sir Peter Mansfield of the University of Nottingham were awarded the 2003 Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology for their "discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging". The Nobel Prize committee acknowledged Lauterbur's insight of using magnetic field gradients to introduce spatial localization, a discovery that allowed rapid acquisition of 2D images. Sir Peter Mansfield was credited with introducing the mathematical formalism and developing techniques for efficient gradient utilization and fast imaging.

[edit] Controversy

The 2003 Nobel Prize in Medicine award was vigorously protested by Raymond Vahan Damadian, who claimed that he was the inventor of MRI, and that Paul Lauterbur and Sir Peter Mansfield had merely refined the technology. An ad hoc group, called "The Friends of Raymond Damadian", took out full-page advertisements in New York Times and The Washington Post entitled "The Shameful Wrong That Must Be Righted", demanding that he be awarded at least a share of the Nobel Prize.^[27] The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet, which picks the winner in medicine, refused, as is their custom, to comment on Damadian's claims or change the awardees.

In a letter to Physics Today, Herman Carr pointed out his own early use of field gradients for 1D MR imaging.^[28] The contribution by John Mallard and colleagues at the University of Aberdeen, who developed the spin-warp technology, as well as producing the first clinically useful images in patients, is also often overlooked. ^{[attribution needed][29] [30] [31]}

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