Ответы к экзамену: Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности

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____ are used to remember information about users, such as login status or preferences, for their next visit to the site.

• RFIDs
• Cookies
• Caches
• Operating systems

____ can be defined as the equipment, software, etc. that a computer system needs in order to operate and communicate with other computers

• Malware
• Influx
• Infrastructure
• Internet

____ describes the structure of web pages using elements or tags and displays the content of these pages through a web browser.

• URI
• HTTP
• C++
• HTML

____ refers to a type of software license that allows the source code to be freely used, modified, and distributed by anyone.

• Proprietary software
• Malware
• Shareware
• Open source

A central network connecting other networks together.

• Router
• Backbone
• Server
• Host

A cryptographic system that uses pairs of keys: public keys, which may be disseminated widely, and private keys, which are known only to the owner.

• CIDR
• PKC
• TLS
• SSI

A hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network. It translates human-friendly domain names (like http://www.example.com) to IP addresses (like 192.0.2.1) that computers use to identify each other on the network.

• ISP
• DNS
• WAN
• TCP

A link that connects one web page to another, allowing users to navigate between pages.

• Navigation Bar
• Mouseover
• Hypertext
• Hyperlink

A standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network.

• FTP
• RTSP
• ADSL
• VoIP

A standard protocol used for sending emails across the Internet. It specifies how mail servers communicate with one another to send and relay messages and is used primarily for outgoing email transmission.

• NCP
• CSS
• SMTP
• FTP

A temporary storage area on a computer or web browser used to speed up data retrieval.

• USB
• Cookie
• Cache
• SSD

A/An ____ IP address is a permanent address, while a dynamic address changes with each new Internet session.

• Active
• Static
• Constant
• Default

All technologies that facilitate the use, manipulation, and exchange of information, including the Internet, wireless networks, cell phones, computers, software, video-conferencing, social networking, and other media applications and services.

• IoT
• ICT
• POP
• VOIP

An alternative communication protocol to TCP used primarily for establishing low-latency and loss- tolerating connections between applications on the internet. This protocol does not guarantee message delivery and order, providing a faster but less reliable service.

• POP
• WAN
• UDP
• RSS

CPUs have built-in ____ that store instructions and data close to the processor to reduce retrieval time.

• Caches
• Processors
• IPs
• RFIDs

During the setup of the new branch office, the IT team focused on establishing a stable ____ to ensure seamless communication between workstations.

• VPN
• WAN
• LAN
• MAN

HTTP ____ contain information that is commonly used by marketers and statistical analysis programs, such as user’s browser and operating system or preferred languages.

• Headers
• Titles
• Bodies
• Posts

It is easy ____ to images from your phone to your PC.

• Network
• Navigate
• Transfer
• Interact

Linux is a well-known example of an open source ____.

• Proprietary software
• Knockoff
• Operating system
• Malware

Match the term “Network Packet” with the most suitable synonym.

• Chunk
• Bag
• Title
• Scheme

Select the most suitable Russian translation of “Backbone”

• Магистральная
• Персональная сеть
• Локальная
• Городская сеть

Select the most suitable Russian translation of “Broadband”

• Пропускная способность
• Широкополосная сеть
• Оптоволоконный кабель
• Дата-центр

Select the most suitable Russian translation of “Circuit”.

• Круг
• Цирк
• Сеть
• Цепь

Select the most suitable Russian translation of “Header”.

• Титульник
• Голова
• Заголовок
• Данные

Select the most suitable Russian translation of “Latency”.

• Задержка
• Отступ
• Маршрут
• Доставка

Select the most suitable Russian translation of “Layperson”

• Разработчик
• Программист
• Эксперт
• Непрофессионал

Select the most suitable Russian translation of “Router”

• Маршрутизатор
• Хост
• Сервер
• Клиент

Select the most suitable Russian translation of “Vulnerability”

• Расшифровка
• Шифрование
• Уязвимость
• Взлом

The ____ department is responsible for maintaining the cybersecurity measures that protect the company s data assets

• IT
• Management
• CEO
• R&D

The ____ Model is a model used to understand and standardize the functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to its internal structure and technology, structured into seven layers.

• RFID
• LAN
• OSI
• TCP/IP

The greater the ____, the greater the amount of data that is able to travel at certain period of time.

• Router
• Gateway
• Broadband
• Bandwidth

The Internet is based on the idea of multiple ____ dependent networks.

• Proto
• Penta-
• In-
• Co-

The IT team is performing routine maintenance on the ____ tonight, so there may be intermittent downtime for some online services.

• Email
• Search Engine
• Server
• Client-side

The leaders emphasized that a substantial ____ had been achieved, but there was more work to be done.

• Loss
• Failure
• Step back
• Breakthrough

The process of copying files or data from a local computer to a remote computer.

• Upload
• Sync
• Uplink
• Download

The process of copying files or data from a remote computer to a local computer.

• Upload
• Sync
• Uplink
• Download

To extend the Wi-Fi coverage in her home, Mary installed a new ____ on the second floor.

• Router
• Hub
• Server
• Host

To protect against ____, it is essential to keep antivirus software updated and avoid clicking on unverified links.

• Malware
• Disinformation
• Crawlers
• Windows Updates

What does OSI stand for?

• Operating Systems Incorporated
• Open Systems Interconnection
• Office of Special Investigation
• Open Society Institution

Who is credited with inventing the World Wide Web?

• Tim Berners-Lee
• Steve Jobs
• Bill Gates
• Mark Zuckerberg