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A Brief History of English Lexicography
| (1) Latin and French Glossaries | ||||||
| Year | Author /Editor | Dictionary | Size /Type | |||
| 1440 | Parvulorum | Storehouse [of words] for children or clerics | English-Latin | |||
| 1476 | Caxton | Printing in England | English-Latin | |||
| 1480 | Caxton | French-English Glossary | French-English | |||
| 1499 | Caxton | Promptorium | "hard words" | |||
| 1500 | Hortus Vocabularum | Garden of Words | Latin-English | |||
| 1533 | John Withals | A Short Dictionary for Yong Beginners | English-Latin | |||
| 1538 | Sir Thomas Elyot | Dictionary (Bibliotheca Eliotae) | Latin-English | |||
| 1565 | Thomas Cooper | Thesaurus of the Roman Tongue and the British | French-English | |||
| (2) Early English Dictionaries: The Seventeenth Century | ||||||
| Year | Author /Editor | Dictionary | Size /Type | |||
| 1552 | Richard Huloet | Abecedarium Anglo-Latinum | English-Latin-(Fr.) | |||
| 1582 | Richard Mulcaster | Elementary | 8,000 words | |||
| 1588 | Thomas Thomas | Dictionarium Linguae Latinae et Anglicanae | Latin-English | |||
| 1598 | John Florio | A World of Words | Italian-English | |||
| 1604 | Robert Cawdrey | A Table Alphabetical | 2,500 words | |||
| 1616 | John Bullokar | An English Expositor | 5,000 words | |||
| 1623 | Henry Cockeram | The English Dictionary | 3 parts | |||
| 1656 | Thomas Blount | Glossographia | ||||
| 1658 | Edward Phillips | The New World of English Words | ||||
| 1673 | Thomas Blount | A World of Errors Discovered in the New World of Words | ||||
| 1676 | Elisha Coles | An English Dictionary | 25,000 words | |||
| (3) The Beginning of Modern Dictionary Practice: The Eighteenth Century | ||||||
| Year | Author /Editor | Dictionary | Size /Type | |||
| 1702 | John Kersey | A New English Dictionary | 28,000 words | |||
| 1704 | John Harris | An Universal English Dictionary of Arts and Sciences | ||||
| 1706 | John Kersey | Philips's New World of English Words | 38,000 words | |||
| 1721 | Nathan Bailey | An Universal Etymological English Dictionary | 40,000 words | |||
| 1727 | Nathan Bailey | An Universal Etymological English Dictionary Volume II | 2 parts | |||
| 1728 | Ephraim Chambers | An Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences | ||||
| 1730 | Nathan Bailey | Dictionarium Britannicum | 48,000 words | |||
| 1747 | Samuel Johnson | Plan of a Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1749 | Benjamin Martin | Lingua Britannica Reformata | ||||
| 1755 | Samuel Johnson | A New Universal English Dictionary | 40,000 words | |||
| (4) Dictionaries of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries | ||||||
| Year | Author /Editor | Dictionary | ||||
| 1757 | James Buchanan | Linguae Britannicae | ||||
| 1764 | William Johnston | Pronouncing and Spelling Dictionary | ||||
| 1764 | John Entick | Spelling Dictionary | ||||
| 1773 | William Kenrick | A New Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1780 | Thomas Sheridan | A General Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1783 | Noah Webster | The American Spelling Book | ||||
| 1791 | John Walker | Critical Pronouncing Dictionary and Expositor of the English Language | ||||
| 1818 | Henry Todd | Johnson's Dictionary | ||||
| 1820 | Albert Chalmers | Todd-Johnson with Walker's Pronunciations | ||||
| 1828 | Joseph E. Worcester | Chalmers's Dictionary | ||||
| 1828 | Noah Webster | An American Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1830 | Joseph Worcester | Comprehensive Pronouncing and Explanatory Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1837 | Charles Richardson | A New Dictionary of the English Language (cf. OED) | ||||
| 1841 | Noah Webster | An American Dictionary of the English Language new edition | ||||
| 1846 | Joseph Worcester | Universal and Critical Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1857 | Richard Chenevix Trench | Some Deficiencies in Our English Dictionaries (cf. OED) | ||||
| 1860 | Joseph Worcester | A Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1864 | Noah Porter | A Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1882 | Charles Annandale | The Century Dictionary | ||||
| 1890 | George and Charles Merriam | International Dictionary | ||||
| 1893 | Funk & Wagnalls | Standard Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| (5) Dictionaries of the 20th Century | ||||||
| Year | Author /Editor | Dictionary | ||||
| 1909 | George and Charles Merriam | International Dictionary | ||||
| 1913 | Funk & Wagnalls | New Standard Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1927 | The New Century Dictionary | |||||
| 1928 | Oxford English Dictionary | |||||
| 1934 | Webster's New International Dictionary | |||||
| 1938 | Irving Lorge & Edward Thorndike | A Semantic Count of English Words | ||||
| 1947 | American College Dictionary | |||||
| 1947 | Funk & Wagnalls | New College Standard | ||||
| 1953 | David Guralnik & Joseph Friend | Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language | ||||
| 1961 | Philip Babcock Gove | Webster's Third New International Dictionary | ||||
| 1963 | Philip Babcock Gove | Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary | ||||
| 1966 | Random House | The Random House Dictionary of the English Language | ||||
| 1968 | Random House | Random House Dictionary, College Edition (Random House College Dictionary) | ||||
| 1969 | American Heritage Dictionary | |||||
| 1973 | Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary | |||||
| 1983 | Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary | |||||
2. Dictionary: notion, functions, classification, components
If we speak about the dictionary as a linguistic term, it is a list of words with their definitions, a list of characters, or a list of words with corresponding words in other languages. Many dictionaries also provide pronunciation information; grammatical information; word derivations, histories, or etymologies; illustrations; usage guidance; and examples in phrases or sentences. Dictionaries are most commonly found in the form of a book, but more and more dictionaries are produced as software runs from electronic PDA or a general purpose computer. Most dictionaries are produced by lexicographers.
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