Genome Project - Primer on molecular genetics - 1992 (522926), страница 10
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The role oftRNAs in protein synthesis is to bond with amino acids and transfer them to the ribosomes, where proteins are assembled according to the genetic code carried by mRNA.42Transformation: A process by which the genetic material carried by an individual cell isaltered by incorporation of exogenous DNA into its genome .Translation: The process in which the genetic code carried by mRNA directs the synthesisof proteins from amino acids. Compare transcription.tRNA: See transfer RNA.Uracil: A nitrogenous base normally found in RNA but not DNA; uracil is capable offorming a base pair with adenine.Vector: See cloning vector.Virus: A noncellular biological entity that can reproduce only within a host cell. Virusesconsist of nucleic acid covered by protein ; some animal viruses are also surrounded bymembrane.
Inside the infected cell, the virus uses the synthetic capability of the host toproduce progeny virus.VLSI: Very large-scale integration allowing over 100,000 transistors on a chip.YAC: See yeast artificial chromosome.Yeast artificial chromosome (YAC): A vector used to clone DNA fragments (up to 400kb); it is constructed from the telomeric, centromeric, and replication origin sequencesneeded for replication in yeast cells. Compare cloning vector, cosmid.4344.
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