ВКР ЦЮПА АС 340 (1229241), страница 13
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The next group - political factors:
1. The crime situation;
2. The degree of political stability in the country (for example, in late 2012, it was recommended to refrain from trips to Egypt and Israel, in connection with the impending threat of a military conflict).
Finally, the environmental factors:
1. The choice of the countries with a vast territory with a diverse natural landscape, it creates more interest to tourists;
2. The uniqueness and exotic nature, the presence of endemic species;
3. The country has a rich and varied ethnic composition;
4. Environmental disaster (specific type of tourism to places of ecological catastrophes).
Considering the variety of factors influencing international tourism, we can say that it occupies a strong position in the system of international economic relations and foreign trade, is an immutable part of life of almost every inhabitant of our planet, and is progressing rapidly and will change.
This gives grounds to say that tourism is a worldwide industry that has a strong presence and even in times of crisis phenomena will find methods of operation that will not lose its positions on the world stage.
1.2 Forms and types of international tourism
In order to give the most complete classification of the types of modern tourism, it is necessary to use the most essential features that characterize a particular type of tourism, in particular, the nationality of tourism; the main need, the satisfaction of which leads to a tourist trip; the main vehicle used in the trip; accommodation; duration; group; organizational forms; the basic principles of formation of the prices of tourist products and so on.
Type of tourism is associated with the specifics of presentation of financial results to the budget of the country or its region. On this basis in the forms of tourism there are two types of tourism: active and passive. The arrival of foreign tourists or domestic tourists in the region of the country is an active tourism. Active tourism is a factor in the importation of money into the country or the region. The journey of nationals of one country in other States and exit of tourists from this region of the country is a passive tourism. Passive tourism serves as a factor of export of money into the country or the region.
Tourism on the most essential features is divided into separate species. Those characteristics are: purpose of travel, method of travel, the intensity of the tourist flow, duration of travel, nature travel, etc.
Figure 1.1 The most popular types of tourism
| Name | Description | ||
| Recreational tourism | The movement of people in their spare time for recreation, necessary to restore physical and mental strength of the person. For many countries this type of tourism is the most common and widespread. To develop this type of tourism is needed recreational resources. Recreational resources are a critical part of the natural potential of the region. In addition, their role in the formation and development of modern tourism in the region is constantly increasing, especially with the eco-geographical point of view. Recreational tourism can be divided into several types: tourist and recreation type and cognitive-tourist type | ||
| Educational tourism | Implies a tourist visit, travel, Hiking, visiting any of the regions, areas, centers of tourism. Acquaintance with the monuments of nature, history and culture, life and traditions of the local population. Often, the purpose of educational travel are: - to see the natural sights and phenomena of nature, beautiful views, landscapes, sunsets, beautiful mountain ranges; - to get acquainted with the achievements of art, science and technology; - to visit the objects of ecology and environmentally affected sites; - see exotic animals or flora; - to visit Holy and historical sites; - to make unique photos, shoot videos; - to purchase unique souvenirs. |
Continuation of table 1.1
| Health tourism | Tourist travel, trips and tours for leisure in favorable climatic conditions. This type of tourism is associated with finding the resorts people who are not of compulsory medical care, medical supervision or treatment. In the world there are several types of resorts: 1. Balneological (natural mineral waters); 2. Mud (deposits of therapeutic mud); 3. Environmental (forest, mountain, coastal); 4. Mixed – are placed several natural therapeutic factors. 5. With special natural resources. To set the direction for this kind of tourism is influenced by the awareness of the tourist. Information obtained from the media or any available literature. | ||
| Scientific tourism | This is a relatively new for international business tourism. Scientific tourism originated in ancient times. Then in seafaring, was attended by scientists, conducting scientific research during the coastal sites. To date, scientific tourism are divided into three types: - orientation, i.e. the introduction of tourists to natural and anthropogenic objects and give explanations; - auxiliary part. In this case, the tourists take part in scientific work in the role of support staff, namely participate in the restoration work in the reserves for the conservation of rare; - independent research of tourists. |
The end of the table 1.1
| Shopping tours | This type of tourism has emerged in our country in the early 90s. The main purpose of the shopping tour is the acquisition of goods abroad. Goods can be bought for personal use and for resale (may be related to professional activities). Shopping tourism in our country has got such popularity is the result of high prices of various imported and export goods. | |||||
| Ethnic tourism | Based on visits to places of his birth, his youth, last residence, to their places of origin and places of residence of relatives. | |||||
| Ecotourism | Such is nature-based tourism, which includes the study of the natural and cultural environment. Sometimes passive and active, as well as: |
Figure 1.1 Types of movement of tourists
The intensity of tourist flows allocate permanent and seasonal tourism.
For the duration of the trip in the allocate short-and long-lasting tourism.
The nature of the organization travel isolated individual, group, and organized Amateur (unorganized), etc.
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