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- Amsterdam, TheNetherlands: North Holland, 1970.118 Логинов, Ю.Н. Медь и деформируемые медные сплавы / Ю.Н Логинов. Екатеринбург: ГОУ ВПО УГТУ-УПИ, 2004. -136 с.119 Gallo, F. Melting and crack growth in electrical conductors subjected to shortduration current pulses / F. Gallo, S. Satapathy, K. Ravi-Chandar // InternationalJournal of FractureVolume. - Vol. 167, Is. 2. - 2011. - Pp. 183-193.120 Gallo, F.

Effect of electro-mechanical loading in metallic conductors: Dissertationfor the Degree of Doctor Philosophy / Federico Gallo. - Faculty of the GraduateSchool of The University of Texas at Austin. - 2010. - 169 p.155Приложение АКод ANSYS APDL: механический расчет многослойной структуры1. Двумерный расчет./PREP7CSYS,5pi=acos(-1)bakh=2.5position=-0.0rpipe1i=0.1548/2rpipe1e=0.1778/2h=0.08dh=0.04*DIM,ind_h1,,75*DIM,ind_h2,,75*do,n,1,75ii=n-1ind_h1(n)=-1.44+dh*iiind_h2(n)=-1.44-h+dh*ii*enddorpipe2i=0.2168/2rpipe2e=0.2445/2rpipe3i=0.3136/2rpipe3e=0.3397/2rpipe4i=0.4757/2rpipe4e=0.508/2rpipe5i=0.7112/2rpipe5e=0.762/2cem_level=-0.0stol=1*DIM,ystep,,21,75*DIM,DNode,,21,75*do,d,1,21*DIM,vih%d%,,401,151*enddo*DIM,DAVL,,500*DIM,time,,500*do,iii,1,500TIME(iii,1) = (iii-1)*0.5e-6DAVL(iii,1) =10e6*sin(2*pi/(120e-6)*TIME(iii,1))*exp(-4e4*TIME(iii,1))*enddo!*DIM,P,TABLE,145,1,1,, , , 0!*TREAD,P,'Pi',,'', ,!*DIM,DAVL,,145!*DIM,time,,145!*do,iii,1,145!TIME(iii,1) = (iii-1)*0.5e-6!DAVL(iii,1) = P(TIME(iii,1))!*enddo!PLOT PRESSURE/axl,x,Time (s)/axl,y, Pressure (N/m^2)*vplo, TIME(1,1), DAVL(1,1)/com,/com,/com,ET,1,PLANE162,,,1,!waterEDMP,FLUI,1MP,DENS,1,1000MP,EX,1,2.17e9!***MP,NUXY,1,0.343!steel Plastic Kinematic tubeMP,ex,2,207e9 ! PaMP,nuxy,2,.27 ! No units157MP,dens,2,7865 ! kg/m3TB,PLAW,2,,,1TBDATA,1,932e6 ! Yield stress (Pa)TBDATA,2,763e6 ! Tangent modulus (Pa)TBDATA,4,40.0 ! C (s-1)TBDATA,5,5.0 ! PTBDATA,6,.75 ! Failure strainMP,gxy,3,1.17e10 !1700 ! ksiMP,dens,3,2.38e3 !2.226e-7 ! kip-sec2/in4TB,GCAP,3TBDATA,1,1.45e10 !2100 ! K (ksi)TBDATA,2,4.83e6 !.7 ! ? (ksi)TBDATA,3,.1 ! ?TBDATA,4,1.38e6 !.2 ! ? (ksi)TBDATA,5,2.137e-7 !1.473 ! ? (ksi-1)TBDATA,6,10.8 ! RTBDATA,7,2,23408E-10 !.00154 ! D (ksi-1)TBDATA,8,.884 ! WTBDATA,9,1.24e8 !18 ! X0 (ksi)TBDATA,10,0 ! CTBDATA,11,0 ! NTBDATA,12,1 ! FtypeTBDATA,13,-0.3 ! Toff!air_waterEDMP,FLUI,4MP,DENS,4,10MP,EX,4,2.17e6!***MP,NUXY,4,0.343EDCURVE,ADD,3,TIME,DAVL!inside pipeRECTNG,rpipe1i,rpipe1e,-bakh,bakhRECTNG,rpipe2i,rpipe2e,-bakh,bakhRECTNG,rpipe3i,rpipe3e,-bakh,bakhRECTNG,rpipe4i,rpipe4e,-bakh,bakhRECTNG,rpipe5i,rpipe5e,-bakh,bakh!commonRECTNG,0,rpipe5e,-bakh,bakh!stolRECTNG,0,stol,-bakh,-bakh-0.02RECTNG,rpipe4e,rpipe5i,-bakh,cem_levelAOVLAP,ALLNUMCMP,AREA!material apply!pipeASEL,S,AREA , ,1,3ASEL,A,AREA , ,10,12AATT,2!waterASEL,S,AREA , ,4,7ASEL,A,AREA , ,9AATT,1!cement or waterASEL,S,AREA , ,8AATT,3ASEL,ALLMSHKEY,1!ESIZE,(rpipe1e-rpipe1i)/3ESIZE,0.01MSHKEY,0AMESH,1,12APLOTEDSTART, 0, 50000000, 20, 80*do,nomer,1,75158/soluNSEL,S,LOC,X,0.08,0.085,NSEL,R,LOC,Z,ind_h1(nomer)-0.01,ind_h2(nomer)+0.01,ESLN,SCM,CM_1,ELEMCMSEL,A,CM_1EDLOAD,ADD,PRESS,4,CM_1,TIME,DAVL, 0, ,1 , , ,LSEL,S,LINE,,33DL,ALL,,ALL,0ALLSEL,ALLTIME,800e-6EDRST,,2e-6EDHTIME,,2e-6SOLVEFINISH/POST1/SHOW,WIN32CSET,FIRST/PLOPTS,INFO,3/PNUM,MAT,1/NUMBER,1/REPLOT,RESIZE/SHOW,WIN32/REPLOT,RESIZEFINISH/POST26*do,i,1,21ystep(i,nomer)=ind_h1(nomer)-(ind_h1(nomer)-ind_h2(nomer))/2+1-(i-1)*0.1DNode(i,nomer)=node(0.07,0,ystep(i,nomer))i2=i+1ANSOL,%i2%,DNode(i,nomer),S,1,S1_%i%VGET,vih%i%(1,2*nomer-1),1VGET,vih%i%(1,2*nomer),%i2%*enddoFINISH*enddo*CREATE,ansuitmp*do,k,1,75*do,j,1,21*CFOPEN,Data_%k%_%j%,,,*VWRITE,vih%j%(1,2*k-1),vih%j%(1,2*k)(F25.15,' ',F25.15)*CFCLOS*enddo*enddo*END/INPUT,ansuitmp1592.

Трехмерный расчет с дефектом в цементном слое/PREP7pi=acos(-1)bakh=2.5position=-0.0rpipe1i=0.1548/2rpipe1e=0.1778/2h=0.08dh=0.04*DIM,ind_h1,,75*DIM,ind_h2,,75*do,n,1,75ii=n-1ind_h1(n)=-1.44+dh*iiind_h2(n)=-1.44-h+dh*ii*enddorpipe2i=0.2168/2rpipe2e=0.2445/2rpipe3i=0.3136/2rpipe3e=0.3397/2rpipe4i=0.4757/2rpipe4e=0.508/2rpipe5i=0.7112/2rpipe5e=0.762/2cem_level=-0.0stol=1*DIM,phistep,,10,75*DIM,ystep,,21,10,75*DIM,DNode,,21,10,75*do,dd,1,10*do,d,1,21*DIM,vih%d%_%dd%,,502,151*enddo*enddo*DIM,DAVL,,500*DIM,time,,500*do,iii,1,500TIME(iii,1) = (iii-1)*0.5e-6DAVL(iii,1) =10e6*sin(2*pi/(120e-6)*TIME(iii,1))*exp(-4e4*TIME(iii,1))*enddo!*DIM,P,TABLE,145,1,1,, , , 0!*TREAD,P,'Pi',,'', ,!*DIM,DAVL,,145!*DIM,time,,145!*do,iii,1,145!TIME(iii,1) = (iii-1)*0.5e-6!DAVL(iii,1) = P(TIME(iii,1))!*enddo!PLOT PRESSURE/axl,x,Time (s)/axl,y, Pressure (N/m^2)*vplo, TIME(1,1), DAVL(1,1)/com,/com,/com,ET,1,SOLID164,,,,!waterEDMP,FLUI,1MP,DENS,1,1000MP,EX,1,2.17e9!***MP,NUXY,1,0.343!steel Plastic Kinematic tube160MP,ex,2,207e9 ! PaMP,nuxy,2,.27 ! No unitsMP,dens,2,7865 ! kg/m3TB,PLAW,2,,,1TBDATA,1,932e6 ! Yield stress (Pa)TBDATA,2,763e6 ! Tangent modulus (Pa)TBDATA,4,40.0 ! C (s-1)TBDATA,5,5.0 ! PTBDATA,6,.75 ! Failure strainMP,gxy,3,1.17e10 !1700 ! ksiMP,dens,3,2.38e3 !2.226e-7 ! kip-sec2/in4TB,GCAP,3TBDATA,1,1.45e10 !2100 ! K (ksi)TBDATA,2,4.83e6 !.7 ! ? (ksi)TBDATA,3,.1 ! ?TBDATA,4,1.38e6 !.2 ! ? (ksi)TBDATA,5,2.137e-7 !1.473 ! ? (ksi-1)TBDATA,6,10.8 ! RTBDATA,7,2,23408E-10 !.00154 ! D (ksi-1)TBDATA,8,.884 ! WTBDATA,9,1.24e8 !18 ! X0 (ksi)TBDATA,10,0 ! CTBDATA,11,0 ! NTBDATA,12,1 ! FtypeTBDATA,13,-0.3 ! Toff!air_waterEDMP,FLUI,4MP,DENS,4,10MP,EX,4,2.17e6!***MP,NUXY,4,0.343EDCURVE,ADD,3,TIME,DAVL!inside pipeRECTNG,rpipe1i,rpipe1e,-bakh,bakhRECTNG,rpipe2i,rpipe2e,-bakh,bakhRECTNG,rpipe3i,rpipe3e,-bakh,bakhRECTNG,rpipe4i,rpipe4e,-bakh,bakhRECTNG,rpipe5i,rpipe5e,-bakh,bakh!commonRECTNG,0,rpipe5e,-bakh,bakh!stol!RECTNG,0,stol,-bakh,-bakh-0.02RECTNG,rpipe4e,rpipe5i,-bakh,cem_levelAOVLAP,ALLNUMCMP,AREA!material apply!pipeASEL,S,AREA , ,1,3ASEL,A,AREA , ,10,12AATT,2!waterASEL,S,AREA , ,4,7ASEL,A,AREA , ,9AATT,1!cement or waterASEL,S,AREA , ,8AATT,3ET,2,MESH200,6ASEL,S,AREA , ,allaesize,all,0.01TYPE, 2amesh,allTYPE, 1EXTOPT,ESIZE,5,0, ! NUMBER SECTORS IN PART161EXTOPT,ATTR,1,0,1EXTOPT,ACLEAR,1VROTAT,all, , , , , ,21,24 ,360,4, !NUMBER PARTScsys,5nsel,s,loc,x,0,rpipe4e+0.035nsel,r,loc,z,-1+0.02,-1-0.02nsel,r,loc,y,0,1ESLN,s,nsel,s,loc,x,0,rpipe4e-0.005nsel,r,loc,z,-1+0.02,-1-0.02nsel,r,loc,y,0,1ESLN,u,,allnsel,s,loc,x,0,rpipe4e+0.04nsel,r,loc,z,-1+0.02,-1-0.02nsel,r,loc,y,-90,-0.1ESLN,u,,allMPCHG, 1, ALLallsel,all/VIEW,1,,,1/ANG,1/REP,FASTVPLOTallsel,allEDSTART, 0, 900000000EDRUN,SMP,,4*do,nomer,1,75!nomer=38/solucsys,5nsel,s,loc,x,rpipe1i,rpipe1insel,r,loc,z,ind_h2(nomer)+0.005,ind_h1(nomer)-0.005ESLN,s,nsel,s,loc,x,,rpipe1i-0.005nsel,r,loc,z,ind_h2(nomer)+0.005,ind_h1(nomer)-0.005ESLN,u,,allCM,CM_1,elemCMSEL,s,CM_1EDLOAD,ADD,PRESS,4,CM_1,TIME,DAVL, 0, ,1 , , ,ALLSEL,ALLTIME,1000e-6EDRST,,2e-6EDHTIME,,2e-6SOLVEFINISH/POST1/SHOW,WIN32CSET,FIRST/PLOPTS,INFO,3/PNUM,MAT,1/NUMBER,1/REPLOT,RESIZE! /UIS,ABORT,1/SHOW,WIN32/REPLOT,RESIZEFINISH/POST26!FILE,'emagstr','rst','.'!/UI,COLL,1*do,s,1,10phistep(s,nomer)=(s-1)*360/10*do,i,1,21ystep(i,s,nomer)=ind_h1(nomer)-(ind_h1(nomer)-ind_h2(nomer))/2+1-(i-1)*0.1DNode(i,s,nomer)=node(0.07,phistep(s,nomer),ystep(i,s,nomer))162i2=i+1+21*(s-1)ANSOL,2,DNode(i,s,nomer),S,1,S1_%nomer%_%i2%VGET,vih%i%_%s%(1,2*nomer-1),1VGET,vih%i%_%s%(1,2*nomer),2*enddo*enddoFINISH*enddo*CREATE,ansuitmp*do,k,1,75*do,c,1,10*do,j,1,21*CFOPEN,Data_%k%_%j%_%c%,,,*VWRITE,vih%j%_%c%(1,2*k-1),vih%j%_%c%(1,2*k)(F25.15,' ',F25.15)*CFCLOS*enddo*enddo*enddo*END/INPUT,ansuitmp163Приложение БКод ANSYS APDL:расчет магнитного поля при нагружении образцов смакродефектом типа трещин164! --- Excitation parametersJ=1/12*290e3! MPD current density amplitude (A/m^2)ncyc=5! number of cyclesnsubT=200! number of time steps per cyclef=0.1e6! frequency, Hz! --- Derived parameterspi=acos(-1)muo=pi*4e-7skin=sqrt(1/(pi*6e7*1*muo*f)) ! skin depthT=1/f! time periodtend=ncyc*T! solution timensubs=nsubT*ncyc! total number of time steps! table array - sin current vs.

time*dim,jcoil,table,nsubs*do,i,1,nsubsjcoil(i,1)=J*sin(2*pi*f*(i/nsubT)*T)*exp(-8e4*(i/nsubT)*T)jcoil(i,0)=(i/nsubT)*T*enddo!PLOT CURRENT/axl,x,Time (s)/axl,y,Coil Current Density (A/m^2)*vplo,jcoil(1,0),jcoil(1,1)/com,/com, *** SKIN DEPTH = %skin% m/com,/PREP7!MODELSET,1,SOLID236,1 !MPD (AZ+VOLT)KEYOPT,1,8,1ET,2,SOLID236,1,2 !SAMPLE (AZ+VOLT time integrated)KEYOPT,2,8,1ET,3,SOLID236 !AIR and insulation (AZ)KEYOPT,3,8,1ET,4,MESH200,7,2!2D MESH for area of SAMPLE!GEOMETRY!geometry of SAMPLEK,1,0,1e-3,0,K,2,0,-0.001,0,K,3,0.015,0.001,0,K,4,0.015,-0.001,0,K,5,0.016,0,0,K,6,0,0.015,0,K,7,0,-0.015,0,K,8,0.03,0.015,0,K,9,0.03,-0.015,0,K,21,0.015,0.015,0,K,22,0.015,-0.015,0,K,23,0.03,0,0,k,24,0.016,0.001,0k,25,0.016,-0.001,0k,41,0,2e-3,0k,42,0,-2e-3,0k,43,15e-3,2e-3,0k,44,15e-3,-2e-3,0k,45,17e-3,0,0k,50,0.0075,0.001k,51,0.0075,-0.001k,53,0.0075,0.015k,54,0.0075,-0.015k,60,0.0075,2e-3k,61,0.0075,-2e-3L,1,50L,50,3165L,2,51L,51,4L,1,41L,41,6L,2,42L,42,7L,6,53L,53,21L,21,8L,7,54L,54,22L,22,9L,8,23L,23,9L,3,24L,24,5L,4,25L,25,5L,3,43L,43,21L,4,44L,44,22L,5,45L,45,23L,50,60L,60,53L,51,61L,61,54LFILLT,17,18,0.001, ,LFILLT,19,20,0.001, ,!lsel,s,line,,1,11al,1,5,6,9,28,27al,3,7,8,12,30,29al,2,21,22,10,28,27al,4,23,24,13,30,29al,21,22,11,15,26,25,31al,16,14,24,23,17,25,26!geometry of MPDK,10,-10e-3,-0.8e-3,0K,11,-10e-3,-0.6e-3,0K,12,15e-3,-0.8e-3,0K,13,15e-3,-0.6e-3,0K,14,-10e-3,0.8e-3,0K,15,-10e-3,0.6e-3,0K,16,15e-3,0.8e-3,0K,17,15e-3,0.6e-3,0K,18,15.8e-3,0,0K,19,15.6e-3,0,0k,31,15.8e-3,0.8e-3,0k,32,15.8e-3,-0.8e-3,0k,33,15.6e-3,0.6e-3,0k,34,15.6e-3,-0.6e-3,0L,10,11L,11,13L,10,12L,14,15L,14,16L,15,17L,16,31L,31,18L,12,32L,32,18L,17,33166L,33,19L,13,34L,34,19LFILLT,38,37,0.0008, ,LFILLT,35,36,0.0008, ,LFILLT,40,39,0.0006, ,LFILLT,41,42,0.0006, ,lsel,s,line,,33,34lsel,a,line,,32lsel,a,line,,18lsel,a,line,,19,20lsel,a,line,,35,36lsel,a,line,,37,43,6al,allVOFFST,1,1e-3,VOFFST,2,-1e-3,VOFFST,3,1e-3,VOFFST,4,-1e-3,VOFFST,5,-1e-3,VOFFST,6,-1e-3,VOFFST,7,-1e-3,!geometry of AIRBLC4,-0.01,-0.025,0.05,0.05,0.01BLC4,-0.01,-0.025,0.025-0.0075,0.05,0.01!geometry operateALLSEL,ALLVOVLAP,ALL!property of materials!MPDMP,MURX,1,1MP,PERX,1,1MP,RSVX,1,1/(6e7)!SAMPLEMP,MURX,2,1MP,PERX,2,1MP,RSVX,2,1/(6e7)!airMP,MURX,3,1MP,PERX,3,1MP,RSVX,3,1e15!material apply!MPDVSEL,S,VOLU , ,10,11VSEL,A,VOLU,,16VATT,1,,1!sampleVSEL,S,VOLU , ,1,2VSEL,A,VOLU , ,12,15VATT,2,,2aslv,sasel,r,loc,z,0AATT,2,,4!AIRVSEL,S,VOLU , ,17,18VATT,3,,3ALLSEL,ALL!MESH!MPDVsel,s,mat,,1aslv,sasel,r,loc,z,0lsla,slsel,u,loc,x,-10e-3167lsel,u,loc,x,15.7e-3,16e-3lsel,u,loc,x,15e-3,15.7e-3lsel,r,loc,x,-10e-3,7.5e-3LESIZE,all,, ,35 , , , , ,1Vsel,s,mat,,1aslv,sasel,r,loc,z,0lsla,slsel,u,loc,x,-10e-3lsel,u,loc,x,15.7e-3,16e-3lsel,u,loc,x,15e-3,15.7e-3lsel,r,loc,x,7.6e-3,14.9e-3LESIZE,all,, ,14 , , , , ,1Vsel,s,mat,,1aslv,sasel,r,loc,z,0lsla,slsel,r,loc,x,15e-3,16e-3LESIZE,all,, ,10, , , , ,1Vsel,s,mat,,1aslv,sasel,r,loc,x,-10e-3lsla,slsel,u,loc,z,0lsel,u,loc,z,1e-3LESIZE,all,, ,10 , , , , ,1Vsel,s,mat,,1aslv,sasel,r,loc,x,-10e-3lsla,slsel,r,loc,z,0LESIZE,all,, ,4 , , , , ,1VSWEEP,10,53,79VSWEEP,16,79,84VSWEEP,11,84,58allsell,all!SAMPLEvsel,s,mat,,2aslv,sasel,r,loc,z,0lsla,slsel,u,loc,x,15e-3lsel,u,loc,x,0lsel,u,loc,x,0.0075lsel,u,loc,x,30e-3lsel,r,loc,x,0,15e-3LESIZE,all,, ,15 , , , , ,1vsel,s,mat,,2aslv,sasel,r,loc,z,0lsla,slsel,u,loc,x,15e-3lsel,u,loc,x,0lsel,u,loc,x,0.0075lsel,u,loc,y,0lsel,r,loc,x,15e-3,30e-3LESIZE,all,, ,30 , , , , ,1vsel,s,mat,,2aslv,sasel,r,loc,z,0lsla,slsel,u,loc,x,30e-3lsel,u,loc,y,15e-3168lsel,u,loc,y,-15e-3lsel,u,loc,y,1e-3,2e-3lsel,u,loc,y,-1e-3,-2e-3lsel,u,loc,x,16e-3,17e-3LESIZE,all,, ,30 , , , , ,1!skinvsel,s,mat,,2aslv,sasel,r,loc,z,0lsla,slsel,u,loc,x,30e-3lsel,u,loc,y,15e-3lsel,u,loc,y,-15e-3lsel,u,loc,y,2e-3,15e-3lsel,u,loc,y,-2e-3,-15e-3lsel,u,loc,x,17e-3,30e-3lsel,u,loc,y,2e-3lsel,u,loc,y,-2e-3LESIZE,all,, ,10 , , , , ,1allsell,allvsel,s,mat,,2aslv,sasel,r,loc,x,0lsla,slsel,r,loc,y,15e-3LESIZE,all,, ,10 , , , , ,1allsell,alllsel,s,line,,5,6LCCAT,alllsel,S,line,,7,8LCCAT,alllsel,S,line,,27,28,1LCCAT,alllsel,S,line,,29,30LCCAT,alllsel,S,line,,21,22,1LCCAT,alllsel,S,line,,23,24,1LCCAT,alllsel,S,line,,11,15,4LCCAT,alllsel,S,line,,14,16,2LCCAT,alllsel,S,line,,25,26LCCAT,allasel,s,area,,1,6MSHAPE,0,2DMSHKEY,1amesh,allvsel,s,mat,,2VSWEEP,allallsel,all!AIRvsel,s,mat,,3MSHAPE,1,3DMSHKEY,0esize,1e-3vmesh,allallsel,all!plot elementsallsel,alleplot!APPLY LOADS AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS169!Symmetry magnetic BCs sets automatically - normal flux!flux parallel magnetic BCsasel,s,extasel,u,loc,z,0da,all,az!volt couple on first boundary of MPDASEL,s,loc,x,-10e-3ASEL,r,loc,y,0,1e-3ASEL,r,loc,z,0,2e-3NSLA,S,1CP,1,VOLT,ALL!volt = 0 on secondary boundary of MPDASEL,s,loc,x,-10e-3ASEL,r,loc,y,-1e-3,0ASEL,r,loc,z,0,2e-3NSLA,S,1d,all,volt!tabular current density load on second boundary of MPDKSEL, s, KP, , 15FK,all,AMPS, %JCOIL%/SOLUallsel,allantype,transtime,tendnsub,nsubsoutres,esol,allkbc,1 ! step applied loadsolvefini/POST1SET, , ,1, ,1.6e-6,!PLOT volume 0.25allsel,allvsel,s,volu,,7,7eslv,sPLNSOL, JC,SUM, 0/VIEW,1,-1/REP,FAST/AUTO,1/REP,FAST/ANG,1/ANG,1,30,YS,1 !rotate/ANG,1,-15,XS,1!rotate/REP,FAST/DIST,1,0.13,1 !zooming/REP,FAST/FOC,1,,-2.95,,1 !moving on to vertical/REP,FAST/FOC,1,2,,,1 !moving on to horizontal/REP,FAST170Приложение ВОсциллограммы токов и результаты экспериментов на образцах IIa сприменением простого МИД171Рисунок П.В.1.

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