CCNA1_M5_Cabling_LANs_WANs (1130695)

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CCNA – Semester1Module 5Cabling LANs and WANsObjectives• Identify characteristics of Ethernet networks.• Describe the function of network devices• Describe and cabling the LANs• Decribe WAN connections and cablingthe WANsCabling the LANsLAN Physical Layer• Each media has advantages and disadvantages.

Someof the advantage or disadvantage comparisonsconcern the following:––––Cable lengthCostEase of installationSusceptibility to interferenceEthernet FamilyEthernet Standard• Ethernet is the most widely used LAN technology.• Ethernet was first implemented by the Digital, Intel,and Xerox group, referred to as DIX.• DIX Ethernet was used as the basis for the Instituteof Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.3specification, released in 1980.• Later, the IEEE extended 802.3 to three newcommittees known as 802.3u (Fast Ethernet), 802.3z(Gigabit Ethernet over Fiber), and 802.3ab (GigabitEthernet over UTP).Ethernet Cable and ConnectorUTP Implementation• EIA/TIA specifies an RJ45 connector forunshielded twisted-pair(UTP) cable.

The lettersRJ stand for registeredjack, and the number 45refers to a specificwiring sequence.Attach the RJ-45RJ-45JackRJ-45 PlugRepeater: Layer 1• Repeater regenerate andretime network signals atthe bit level to allow themto travel a longerdistance on the media.4 repeater rule5.4.3.2.1 Rule•••••••5 sections of the network.4 repeaters or hubs.3 sections for hosts.2 sections for linkpurposes.1 large collision domain.This rule states that no more than four repeaters can be usedbetween hosts on a LAN.This rule is used to limit latency added to frame travel byeach repeater. Too much latency on the LAN increases thenumber of late collisions and makes the LAN less efficient.Hubs: Layer 1• Multiport repeater• The physical topologyfor using a hub star.• Sometimes calledconcentrator• There are 3 types ofhub: active, passiveand intelligent• Every device connected to the same networksegment is said to be a member of a collisiondomain.Network Segmentation•When the number of networknode is big, reducing networkperformance, it is necessary tobreak up a large LAN intosmaller, more easily managedsegments.Bridge Functions• Switches and bridgesoperate at the Data Linklayer of the OSI model.• The function of the bridgeis to make intelligentdecisions about whetheror not to pass signals onto the next segment of anetwork.Bridge Functions• The function of thebridge is to makeintelligent decisionsabout whether or notto pass signals on tothe next segment ofa network.• They makes these decisions based upon the layer 2physical address (MAC).• A switch therefore has two main functions:– switch data frames– build and maintain tablesLAN Switch• Switches operate at muchhigher speeds thanbridges and can supportnew functionality, suchas virtual LANs.• Switches can easilyreplace hubsCisco CatalystCatalyst 2950Catalyst 6500Catalyst 3550Switch: Micro-segmentation••An Ethernet switch allowsmany users to communicate inparallel in a virtually collisionfree environment.Ethernet switches have suchbenefits:– reduces network congestion– maximizes bandwidth– reduces collision domain sizeHost Connectivity - NIC• The NIC is also referred to as a network adapter and isconsidered Layer 2 devices because each NIC carries aunique code called a MAC address.• When selecting a NIC, consider the following:–––––Network architectureOperating systemMedia typeData transfer speedAvailable bus typesType of networkPeer-to-peer versus Client/ServerCabling the WANsWAN physical layer• The physical layer implementations vary dependingon:– distance of the equipment from the services– speed– type of service itselfWAN Serial Connections• If the connection is made directly to a serviceprovider, or a device that provides signal clockingsuch as a channel/data service unit (CSU/DSU), therouter will be a data terminal equipment (DTE) anduse a DTE serial cable.Routers and Serial Connections• Determine whether DTE or DCE connectors arerequired.

The DTE is the endpoint of the user’sdevice on the WAN link.• The DCE is the point where responsibility fordelivering data passes into the hands of the serviceprovider.Fixed and modular port• Interfaces on routers with fixed serial ports are labeledfor port type and port number (eg S1).

Ethernet AUI portneed transceiver to convert from DB-15 to RJ45• Interfaces on routers with modular serial ports arelabeled for port type, slot, and port number (eg: S0/1).Routers and DSL Connections••The Cisco 827 ADSL router has one Asymmetric DigitalSubscriber Line (ADSL) interface.To connect an ADSL line to the ADSL port on a router, dothe following:––•Connect the phone cable to the ADSL port on the router.Connect the other end of the phone cable to the phone jack.DSL works over standard telephone lines using pins 3 and4 on a standard RJ-11 connector.Routers and Cable Connections• The Cisco uBR905 cable access router provides highspeed network access on the cable television systemto residential and small office, home office (SOHO)subscribers.Setting Up Console Connections•The console port allows monitoring and configuration of a Ciscohub, switch, or router.The AUX port allows remote monitoring and configuration ofdevices over modem connection.To set up a connection between the terminal and the Ciscoconsole port, perform two steps.••––Connect the devices using a rollover cable from the console port, on therouter, to the serial port, on the terminal (workstation).Configure the terminal emulation application with the following commonequipment (COM) port settings: 9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit,and no flow control.Lab Companion•••••5.1.5 RJ-45 Jack Punch Down5.1.12 Building a Peer-to-Peer Network5.1.13 Building a LAN Network5.2.3 Interconnecting network devices5.2.7 Establishing a Console Connection to a Router or SwitchSummary••••••••LAN physical layerEthernet standards5-4-3 ruleFunctions of network devicesPeer-to-peer versus client/server networkWAN physical layerWAN connectionsWAN technologies.

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