О.М.Елина, Н.С.Маринчук - Методическая разработка к фильму The History of Britain - Part 1 (1098532), страница 2
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What treasure is among the best exhibits of the British Museum now?2. Who fill the vacuum of power left by the exit of the legions?3. Was the process of adaptation of Roman Britannia to an inevitable emergence ofthe Anglo-Saxon kingdoms gradual?4. In what three parts was the island divided?5. Which religion did the Scottish tribes advocate?6. In what way did the German tribal culture differ from that of the Roman?III.Fill in the missing words from the box below:Poised, the bath house, fall apart, evidence, threatened, paving, phantom, spacious,threadbare, demolish, Roman lifestyleHere at Wroxeter, in Shopshire, the Roman Veraconium, there’s wonderful ______ofthis made-to-do, hybride, improvised world ______ between Roman ruins andAnglo-Saxon beginnings.
When _____ stopped functioning, the citizens here justtook the tiles and used them for _____. When the roof of the great basilica _____ tofall in, the citizens simply went and _____ the whole building themselves. Inside thesell they put up a new timber structure _____ and elegant enough to give them thesense they were still living some sort of ______, although in an increasingly phantomBritannia. Eventually the adaptations became even more makeshift, the fabric ofRoman life increasingly ______, until it did ______ altogether.Segment 2I.Study and learn the words and word-combinations to better understand theSegment:Cristian gospelconsummate storytellerremotely Irishto conjure upto be kidnappeda clinching moment of persuasionto be ordainedto escape one’s sighta messenger of the gospelIt was crucialto be perfectly matched witha forebodingan encampment for Goda faminea dragon slayerII.1.2.3.4.5.6.Comprehension check:Which part of ancient Britain was never touched by Roman rule?What religion was preached in Ireland?Who was the most famous of the early missionaries of the Roman Saxon church?What made Bede a brilliant propagandist of the early church?What was crucial for Bede and St Wilfred?What was Bede’s foreboding?III.Read the following extract from the film and interpret the Anglo-Saxon chronicle:“Dire portents appeared over Northumbria.
Immense whirlwinds and flashes of lightning and fierydragons were seen flying through the air. A great famine followed. A little after that, on the 8th of June,the ravages of heathen men miserably destroyed God’s church at Lindisfarne”.Segment 3IY Extend the statement: “If you look at long enough and hard enoughat almost any culture you’ll find something good to say about it”.I.Study and learn the following words:To be distressed atinadvertentlya nasty attitudein addition torapid-transit, long-distancecommercial travelersto accomplish, what left to themselvesa common foeto cut much ice witha semblance of allianceto be keen onto harness Anglo-Saxon energystrike hard and fierceon the positive sideto smash the powerII.1.2.3.4.III.Answer the questions below to check your understanding:What do the historians make us think of the Vikings’ culture?What other kinds of merchandise were the Vikings keen on?Why do the historians believe the Vikings created England?What properties did someone need to possess to push back the Vikings and repair the terribledamages the Vikings had done?Give your reasoning on the statement:“If you look long enough and hard enough at almost any culture you’ll find something good to sayabout it”.Segment 4I.Make sure you know the following words and word-combinations:The hero on the runto piece togetherUp against steep oddstake command ofIt happens to be trueto be acclaimed as the sovereign lordTo send on a missionto become conceivable and even desirableA reinvention of the English monarchyin the imperial purpleApt qualities forthe sacred sitesA bequest for prosperityIn a literary senseStunning worksto seem imminentTo get aheadthe entirety of Anglo-Saxon EnglandA devastating blowto turn the tide againstTo get ahead ofII.1.2.3.4.Comprehension check:What was Alfred’s life story?What did England get through Alfred?What contribution to the British literature did Alfred make?What were the outcomes of the decisive battle held by Alfred on the boarders of Wiltshire andSomerset?5.
What vision of Britain’s place in the world did Alfred see?6. Who to became the first King of England?III.Extend the following statements. Make a 5-minute speech on them:1. “England has been conceived, not yet born …”2. “For a generation or two it did look as though the grafting of Anglo-Saxon culture onto the enduringlegacy of Roman Britain had produced an extraordinary flowering”.A HISTORY OF BRITAINPart I. BeginningsEpisode 1Segment 100:00:09,855→IntroductionFrom the earliest days, Britain was the object of desire. Tacitus declared it “pretiumvictoriae” – “worth the conquest”, the best compliment that could occur to a Roman. He hadnever visited these shores but was nonetheless convinced that Britannia was rich in gold.
Silverwas abundant too. Apparently so were pearls, though Tacitus had heard they were grey, like theovercast, rain-heavy skies, and the natives only collected them when cast up on the shore.As far as the Roman historians were concerned, Britannia may be off at the edge of theworld, but it was off the edge of their world, not in a barbarian wilderness. If those writers hadbeen able to travel in time as well as space to the northernmost of our islands, the Orcades –our modern Orkney – they would have seen something much more astonishing than heaps ofpearls: Signs of civilization thousands of years older than Rome.There are remains of Stone Age life all over Britain and Ireland.
But nowhere asabundantly as Orkney with its mounds, graves, and its great circles of standing stones like hereat Brodgar. Vast, imposing and utterly unknowable. Orkney has another Neolithic site, that is inits way even more impressive than Brodgar, the last thing you would expect from the StoneAge, a shockingly familiar glimpse of ancient domestic life.Perched on the western coast of Orkney’s main island, a village called Skara Brae. Here,beneath an area no bigger than the 18th green of a golf course lies Europe’s most completeNeolithic community, miraculously preserved for 5,000 years under a blanket of sand and grassuntil uncovered in 1850 by a ferocious sea storm. This is a recognizable village.
Neatly fittedinto its landscape between pasture and sea, intimate, domestic and self-sufficient. And,although technically still the Stone Age and Neolithic period, these are not huts, they’re truehouses, built from sandstone slabs that lie all around the island and gave stout protection tovillagers here at Skara Brae from their biting Orcadian winds. The villagers were real neighbors,living cheek by jowl, their houses connected by walled, sometimes decorated alleyways. It’snot too much of a crash to imagine gossip travelling down those alleys after a hearty seafoodsupper.
We have in other words everything you could possibly want from a village, except achurch and a pub. In 3,000 BC, the sea and air were a little warmer than they are now. Oncethey’d settled in their sandstone houses, they could harvest read beam and mussels andoysters that were abundant in the shallows. Cattle gave them meat and milk and dogs werekept for hunting and company.During the Neolithic centuries there would have been at least a dozen houses here, halfdug into the ground for comfort and safety. A thriving, bustling little community of 50 or 60.But a real miracle of Skara Brae is that these houses were not mere shelters. They were built bypeople who had culture, who had style.
And here’s where they showed off that style.A fully equipped, all-purpose Neolithic living room, complete with luxuries andnecessities. Well, at the centre, a hearth around which they warmed themselves and cookedtheir food. A stone tank in which to keep live fish bait. Some houses has drains underneaththem, so they must have had, believe it or not, indoor toilets. Luxuries? Well, theorthopaedically correct stone bed may not seem particularly luxucious, but the additional layerof heather and straw would have softened the sleeping surface and would have made this bedseem rather snug.
At the centre of it all was this spectacular dresser on which our house-proudvillagers would have set out all their most precious stuff. Fine bone and ivory necklaces,beautifully carved stone objects, everything designed to make a grand interior statement.Given the rudimentary nature of their tools, it would have taken the villagers countless manhours to build not just only these domestic dwellings but the great circles of stone where theywould have gathered to worship.Skara Brae was not just an isolated settlement of fishers and farmers. It people musthave belonged to some larger society, one sophisticated enough to mobilize the army of toilersand craftsmen needed, not just to make these monuments, but to stand them on end.
And theywere just as concerned about housing for the dead as for living. The mausoleum at Maes Howe,a couple of miles from Skara Brae, seems no more than a swelling on the grassy landscape. Butthis is, as it were, a British pyramid and in keeping with our taste for understatement, itreserves all its impact for the interior.Imagine them open once more.
A detail from a village given the job of pulling back the stoneseals, lugging the body through the low opening in the earth. Up 36 feet of narrow, tight-fittingpassageway, lit only once a year by the rays of the winter solstice. A death canal, constriction,smelling of the underworld. Finally the passageway opens up into this stupendous high-vaultedmasonry chamber.
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