Английский язык в профессиональной сфере - ответы на вопросы на СтудИзбе

Read the question below and select one correct answer: How do we cultivate creative thinking?

• Creative thinking cannot be cultivated – it is a skill that we are either born with or we will never be able to have it at all.
• Creative thinking can be cultivated by regularly practicing creativity in different situations and in relation to different problems.
• Creative thinking can be cultivated by hard work and constant repetition of the same routines and procedures.

Read the text below and answer the question: You and your roommate spent all of last night studying for your psychology test. You think you know the material; however, you suggest that you study again the next morning an hour prior to the test. Your roommate asks you to explain why you think this is a good idea. Question: What do you tell her?

• You remind her about Ebbinghaus’s forgetting curve: the information you learn drops off rapidly with time.
• You know you’re more likely to remember the information learnt in the morning and science proves it.
• You want to minimize risks and prepare cheat sheets so you have a better chance of passing the test.

Read the question below and select one correct answer: Question: What is the essence of Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking?

• If we were to make a hits list for creativity assessment tests, TTCT most probably would be the number one. TTCT was developed for research and to provide a tool that can be used to individualize the instruction.
• If we were to make a hits list for creativity assessment tests, TTCT most probably would be somewhere in the middle. It is frequently used to measure creativity but it is not very successful.
• If we were to make a hits list for creativity assessment tests, TTCT most probably would be one of the last ones. It is commonly used to measure intelligence, but some researchers use it for creativity assessment.

The selection of a banquet hall is important, but does not play such a big role as at a buffet or banquet …

Guests with babies are usually provided with

A client came to the HH agency: “Hello. I need a specialist in management who is responsible for representing musical artists, like musicians, bands, and singers, in business dealings and helping promote their clients' careers. Could you help me?” What kind of manager is he looking for?
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Read the text below and answer the question: Sarah wants to be a psychologist. Her parents are against Sarah s decision. They want Sarah to study medicine. Sarah is upset and doesn t know what to do. Question: What should Sarah do?

• Sarah should follow her parents advice.
• Sarah should insist on her decision.
• Sarah should talk to her parents and argue her choice to them.

Read the text below and answer the question: Jurors place a lot of weight on eyewitness testimony. Imagine you are an attorney representing a defendant who is accused of robbing a convenience store. Several eyewitnesses have been called to testify against your client. Question: What would you tell the jurors about the reliability of eyewitness testimony?

• Misinformation effect paradigm holds that after exposure to incorrect information, a person may misremember the original event, hence, the eyewitness testimonies might not be entirely accurate.
• The eyewitness testimonies will probably be inaccurate as strong emotions lead to the creation of weaker memories and therefore, these people will be prone to forgetting what actually happened at the store.
• Eyewitnesses frequently suffer from anterograde amnesia: they cannot remember new information and events that happened prior to their injuries or traumatic experiences that occurred in their life.

Read the text and answer the question below: Tina loves listening to music, because music inspires her to create new stories through images that she sees in her head at that time. Question: How would you describe the process that is happening to Tina?

• Auditory mental imagery
• Visual mental imagery
• Imaginative mental imagery

… represents information in one brain state after another, and the further along it goes, the less the pattern resembles the original picture on the retina. It gets more and more abstract. Broadly speaking, from V1, the information takes two paths — one for visual processing and the other for spatial.
Visual perception

Read the description below and answer the question: This person is extremely bright, often relying more on facts than feelings. They prefer to think in a more logical and analytical way. Question: What is this person’s emotional type?

• the intellectual
• the empath
• the rock

Read the text below and answer the question: You are a practicing psychologist who prefers to focus on the individual and emphasize the unique personal experience of human nature. You understand the need for general laws but it’s not something that you pursue in your practice. Question: What is the name of your approach?

• Nomothetic
• Idiographic
• Psychodynamic

Read the text below and answer the question: David’s brain was damaged after a car crash. Now David often needs help to reach objects and can’t define how far they are from him, so his wife helps him to get things he wants. Question: What brain area was damaged in the car crash?

• Parietal lobe
• Cortex
• Amygdala

Read the text below and answer the question: The mental status exam is a clinical assessment tool used to evaluate a person s cognitive and emotional functioning. It typically focuses on areas such as mood and affect, attention and concentration, appearance, and other mental processes. Question: Based on this information, which of the following areas would the mental status exam be unlikely to cover?

• Mood and affect
• Attention
• General appearance
• Memory
• Physical coordination

Read the text below and answer the question: Suppose you are walking in the woods, and you see a grizzly bear. You begin to tremble, and your heart begins to race. The James-Lange theory proposes that you will interpret your physical reactions and conclude that you are frightened. Question: What is your interpretation, according to the theory?

• “I am trembling. Therefore I am afraid.”
• “I’m afraid. Therefore I’m trembling.”
• “I’m experiencing these emotions because of the previous trauma”.

Read the question below and select one correct answer: Question: How did the object of study in psychology change over the history of the field since the 19th century?

• Initially psychology was focused on the study of mind and mental processes, but over time, it began to shift more towards the study of behavior.
• At first, psychology was not considered a science in its modern definition, however, over time, all doubts about its scientific nature were eliminated.
• Psychology has always been and still continues to focus solely on cognitive functions and mental processes.

Banquets differ according to the … of the event.

A … is a formal dinner for a large group of people.

Read the text below and answer the question: Ruby is a clever girl, but she has trouble building relationships with other people. Sometimes she hurts others’ feelings and doesn’t understand why they are getting offended. Last month her friend’s (Thomas) uncle died and Ruby didn’t support Thomas and told him he hadn’t even loved his uncle and always talked nasty about him. They quarreled and Ruby didn’t understand why, after all she just had stated facts. Question: What is Ruby’s key obstacle to making new friends and maintaining relationships with existing ones?

• Ruby has undeveloped emotional intelligence
• Ruby’s IQ is too high for other people
• Ruby is just a very rational straight-forward person

The next exam question says that this theory consists of many approaches to organizational analysis. “Organizations” are defined as social units of people that are structured and managed to meet a need, or to pursue collective goals. The theory includes rational system perspective, division of labor, bureaucratic theory, and contingency theory. Name it
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The manager informs the … about the specifics of organizing and holding a specific banquet.

The continental breakfast is ___ at the restaurant each morning from 7 a.m. till 10 a.m

Two scientists are talking to each other and you hear a part of their conversation: "This phenomenon is defined as the ability to convey or share ideas and feelings effectively. Several experts agree that.... skills include conveying messages without misinterpretation or misleading others". Whatphenomenonaretheytalkingabout?

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The events may … from weddings to birthday parties.

If you ___ the bill now, we'll return 5 percent to your credit card.

Before the banquet has started the manager makes … purchases of the products for the banquet.

According to the concept of 4 Ps, goods and services can be named …

Buying large quantities of food and beverages can be very … for the catering department.

A lecturer demonstrates to his students some principles of Economics. He pays attention to the science, which tries to find answers to the following question: What causes unemployment? What causes inflation? What creates or stimulates economic growth? One of the students thinks that the mentioned science examines economy-wide phenomena such as price levels, rate of economic growth, national income, gross domestic product (GDP), and so on. What branch of economics are they talking about?

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Read the text below and answer the question: John has problems at school: he can’t analyze books, lectures or films, however, he absorbs all the information and has a magnificent memory. But when he should conduct experiments or make a conclusion about “pitfalls” of different works or motives of other people he gets puzzled. Question: What should John work on developing?

• John needs to work on developing his analytical intelligence.
• John needs to work on getting to know other people more.
• John needs to work on developing his emotional intelligence.

The largest and most important is … foods: these include meat, poultry, fish, fresh vegetables, etc.

The banqueting services bring large … to hotels and restaurants all year round.

A famous sportsman complains to his colleague: “I am up to my ears with all this stuff – I must fulfill all my projects, think about interviews, organize meetings and events, I have no time to train and to live!” His friend answers him: “Why don’t you hire a … manager!”. What manager is he talking about?

Many travelers want luxury, they want to feel ___

Read the text and answer the question: John is in the seventh grade at school. His parents motivate him with money and gifts. For every good mark John gets money. Question: How can you explain this situation?

• John associates knowledge with material values. John is sure that knowledge can be bought and sold.
• John learns with great pleasure and material incentives do not hinder him at all.
• In spite of material incentives John has no desire to go to school.

An assistant waiter who clears away dirty plates and cutlery, offers bread and water to guests

The fact that restaurants is buying in … ordinary gives it a price advantage over the individual family purchaser.

In smaller communities, the buyer may have to purchase from … merchants.

Another category, which can be bought in bulk, consists of … foods.

Foodservice for special events or under special circumstances is called … .

.... social responsibilities go beyond simply operating as ethically as possible and involve actively bettering society. This type of corporate social responsibility is frequently associated with donating money to charities, with many businesses supporting particular charities that are relevant to their business in some way.

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Banquet waiters’ … are not paid by individual diners but are included as part of the fee.

Imagination is (typically) a … act.

In large cities, there are … merchants who specialize in supplying restaurants.

Large restaurants ordinary have walk-in … .

A chief to his secretary: Miss Anna, I want you to organize a special event for our staff. To do it you must hire a specialist who can oversee the design, set-up, and execution of the event that brings our people together. The specialist you'll hire must not only organize the meeting, but he has to work closely with the personnel to achieve the most from a given event. What specialist is the chief talking about?

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… and entrepreneurship are referred to as human resources.

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

labor
level
people
meet

Most restaurants obtain price … from one or more sellers (also called vendors).

___ I have your phone number?

Large establishments may employ one or two … agents.

An inventory is also one of the methods for preventing … from the restaurant’s supplies.

«Ice cream _______every day».

The cutlery is …

Meat dishes are …

Guests with children are sometimes provided with

Corporate social responsibility is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable to itself, its stakeholders, and the public. “Corporate social responsibility” has got an abbreviation: …

The activity or job of being in charge of a company, organization, department, or team of employees is …

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Read the question below and select one correct answer: Question: Why do people react differently in similar situations?

• Every human being is unique, but this uniqueness originates from the combination of 5 personality traits we all share.
• The reason behind this is the context of the situation – we all perceive situations differently and this is the key factor behind different behavior.
• It is our genes that predominantly determine our behaviour and our personality, i.e. the way we react to different stimuli.

Still another form of foodservice is so called … .

Foodservice can be provided by an outside organization for a fixed fee or a percentage of the … .

The simplest kind of catering involves preparation of a … food.

The increase in the complexity of relationships in modern society demands that … become elite of brain and education.

• president
• society
• managers
• staff

Developed in 1979 by Archie Carroll, the ...of corporate social responsibility is a four-tier
guide to self-regulation as it relates to the morals and ethics of business.

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The appetizers are served …

Something you earn by working and use to buy things, can be in the form of notes and coins or cheques, and can be kept in a bank is called …

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The founding father theory of Bureaucracy was.... He was a German sociologist. According to him, Bureaucracy was an administration, which was carried out by trained professionals along with rules fixed by the government.

The storeroom should be cool to retard … .

The … of guests at the table is determined by the protocol.

I would like ___ an order.

She will make an order if she ___ given the menu.

The function of hospitality industry is to provide tourists with:

There is a constant need of items such as cleaning supplies, kitchenware, dishes, glasses, … , napery and uniforms.

The main function of the food and beverage service is to provide ___ for the restaurant or room service.

The chambermaids __ usually look after guests' children.

Management as a … process of planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling is an important part of the economy.

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

conflict
systematic
leading
controlling

A lecturer explains during the lesson: “Macroeconomics involves the study of aggregated indicators such as GDP, unemployment rates, and price indices for the purpose of understanding how the whole economy functions, as well as the relationships between such factors as national income, output, consumption, unemployment, inflation, savings, investment, international trade and international finance”. A student says: “Excuse me, I can’t catch the meaning of GDP, could you give the full term of the abbreviation”. Help the student to learn the GDP full name
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When the meal is a hot one, it is sometimes delivered to the airline frozen or chilled and may then be heated in ... in the …

The … theory of management is incorporated into our recent understanding of management practice. It is concerned with the design and management of an organization.

Fergus Craik and Endel Tulving conducted a series of experiments to find out which of the three types of encoding would give the best memory of … information.

We ___ satisfy your needs at any moment.

An issue form is usually signed both by the steward and the individual who … them

… managers are responsible for a wide range of organizational duties. Whether running a professional sports team, a collegiate club team, or anything in between, sports managers serve as the glue that ties the athletes to the organization itself.
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___ is a meeting of members of a business or professional group, such as scientists, dentists, booksellers or language teachers.

Read the text below and answer the question:Lily always needs some facts to solve a problem and doesn’t like to make things up. But her friend Ann often leans on her imagination. Question: Which of the girls has critical thinking and which has creative thinking?

• Lily has developed critical thinking and Ann has developed creative thinking.
• Lily has developed creative thinking and Ann has developed critical thinking.
• Both girls have developed critical thinking.
• Both girls have developed creative thinking.

Guest ___ include parking, fitness room, two restaurants and a bar.

The word …. means a list of dishes with prices served in the restaurant or café.

I know the woman ___ is standing there.

Many restaurants have got banqueting … .

According to the concept of 4 Ps, communication is a part of...

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The more stars, the higher the quality and the wider___

… ability is the least familiar of four basic resources.

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

Society
Entrepreneurial
Level
Money

People want higher … each year and most hope their children will be even more prosperous than they are.

• conflict
• incomes
• level
• demands

Your secretary received a letter where the head office of the company demands you to create CSR business model that will help the company be socially accountable to itself, its stakeholders, and the public. But the secretary doesn’t know the abbreviation of CSR. Help her and give the full answer

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The nomothetic approach typically uses scientific methods such as … and observations to obtain quantitative data. Group averages are statistically analyzed to create predictions about people in general.

Human … is the potential and expressed capacity (mentally, physically, and socially) of human individuals or groups to respond to internal and external stimuli throughout their life. It is driven by genetic and environmental factors that affect an individual.

Someone whose job is to manage part or all of a company or other organization is a ….

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

manager
economist
teacher
chief

.... communication is the transmission of messages or signals through a nonverbal platform such as eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, posture, use of objects and body language.
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An examiner asks a student: “This theory is a theory of how rational individuals should behave under risk and uncertainty. The theory suggests that decision-making means the adoption and application of rational choice for the management of a private, business, or governmental organization in an efficient manner. What is the theory?” Help the student and name the theory

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The separation of a work process into a number of tasks,
with each task performed by a separate person or group of persons

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Managers create and maintain an internal…, commonly called the organization, so that others can work efficiently in it.

• conflict
• environment
• CEO
• often