Английский язык в профессиональной сфере - ответы на вопросы на СтудИзбе

Read the text below and answer the question: You are a practicing psychologist who prefers to focus on the individual and emphasize the unique personal experience of human nature. You understand the need for general laws but it’s not something that you pursue in your practice. Question: What is the name of your approach?

• Nomothetic
• Idiographic
• Psychodynamic

Read the text below and answer the question: You and your roommate spent all of last night studying for your psychology test. You think you know the material; however, you suggest that you study again the next morning an hour prior to the test. Your roommate asks you to explain why you think this is a good idea. Question: What do you tell her?

• You remind her about Ebbinghaus’s forgetting curve: the information you learn drops off rapidly with time.
• You know you’re more likely to remember the information learnt in the morning and science proves it.
• You want to minimize risks and prepare cheat sheets so you have a better chance of passing the test.

Read the question below and select one correct answer: How do we cultivate creative thinking?

• Creative thinking cannot be cultivated – it is a skill that we are either born with or we will never be able to have it at all.
• Creative thinking can be cultivated by regularly practicing creativity in different situations and in relation to different problems.
• Creative thinking can be cultivated by hard work and constant repetition of the same routines and procedures.

Read the text below and answer the question: Suppose you are walking in the woods, and you see a grizzly bear. You begin to tremble, and your heart begins to race. The James-Lange theory proposes that you will interpret your physical reactions and conclude that you are frightened. Question: What is your interpretation, according to the theory?

• “I am trembling. Therefore I am afraid.”
• “I’m afraid. Therefore I’m trembling.”
• “I’m experiencing these emotions because of the previous trauma”.

Read the question below and select one correct answer: Question: How did the object of study in psychology change over the history of the field since the 19th century?

• Initially psychology was focused on the study of mind and mental processes, but over time, it began to shift more towards the study of behavior.
• At first, psychology was not considered a science in its modern definition, however, over time, all doubts about its scientific nature were eliminated.
• Psychology has always been and still continues to focus solely on cognitive functions and mental processes.

A client came to the HH agency: “Hello. I need a specialist in management who is responsible for representing musical artists, like musicians, bands, and singers, in business dealings and helping promote their clients' careers. Could you help me?” What kind of manager is he looking for?
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Read the text below and answer the question: David’s brain was damaged after a car crash. Now David often needs help to reach objects and can’t define how far they are from him, so his wife helps him to get things he wants. Question: What brain area was damaged in the car crash?

• Parietal lobe
• Cortex
• Amygdala

Read the text below and answer the question: Sarah wants to be a psychologist. Her parents are against Sarah s decision. They want Sarah to study medicine. Sarah is upset and doesn t know what to do. Question: What should Sarah do?

• Sarah should follow her parents advice.
• Sarah should insist on her decision.
• Sarah should talk to her parents and argue her choice to them.

Read the text below and answer the question: The mental status exam is a clinical assessment tool used to evaluate a person s cognitive and emotional functioning. It typically focuses on areas such as mood and affect, attention and concentration, appearance, and other mental processes. Question: Based on this information, which of the following areas would the mental status exam be unlikely to cover?

• Mood and affect
• Attention
• General appearance
• Memory
• Physical coordination

Read the text below and answer the question: John has problems at school: he can’t analyze books, lectures or films, however, he absorbs all the information and has a magnificent memory. But when he should conduct experiments or make a conclusion about “pitfalls” of different works or motives of other people he gets puzzled. Question: What should John work on developing?

• John needs to work on developing his analytical intelligence.
• John needs to work on getting to know other people more.
• John needs to work on developing his emotional intelligence.

Read the question below and select one correct answer: Question: What is the essence of Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking?

• If we were to make a hits list for creativity assessment tests, TTCT most probably would be the number one. TTCT was developed for research and to provide a tool that can be used to individualize the instruction.
• If we were to make a hits list for creativity assessment tests, TTCT most probably would be somewhere in the middle. It is frequently used to measure creativity but it is not very successful.
• If we were to make a hits list for creativity assessment tests, TTCT most probably would be one of the last ones. It is commonly used to measure intelligence, but some researchers use it for creativity assessment.

Read the text below and answer the question: Jurors place a lot of weight on eyewitness testimony. Imagine you are an attorney representing a defendant who is accused of robbing a convenience store. Several eyewitnesses have been called to testify against your client. Question: What would you tell the jurors about the reliability of eyewitness testimony?

• Misinformation effect paradigm holds that after exposure to incorrect information, a person may misremember the original event, hence, the eyewitness testimonies might not be entirely accurate.
• The eyewitness testimonies will probably be inaccurate as strong emotions lead to the creation of weaker memories and therefore, these people will be prone to forgetting what actually happened at the store.
• Eyewitnesses frequently suffer from anterograde amnesia: they cannot remember new information and events that happened prior to their injuries or traumatic experiences that occurred in their life.

Read the text and answer the question below: Tina loves listening to music, because music inspires her to create new stories through images that she sees in her head at that time. Question: How would you describe the process that is happening to Tina?

• Auditory mental imagery
• Visual mental imagery
• Imaginative mental imagery

Read the text and answer the question: John is in the seventh grade at school. His parents motivate him with money and gifts. For every good mark John gets money. Question: How can you explain this situation?

• John associates knowledge with material values. John is sure that knowledge can be bought and sold.
• John learns with great pleasure and material incentives do not hinder him at all.
• In spite of material incentives John has no desire to go to school.

Read the description below and answer the question: This person is extremely bright, often relying more on facts than feelings. They prefer to think in a more logical and analytical way. Question: What is this person’s emotional type?

• the intellectual
• the empath
• the rock

The … theory of management is incorporated into our recent understanding of management practice. It is concerned with the design and management of an organization.

Corporate social responsibility is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable to itself, its stakeholders, and the public. “Corporate social responsibility” has got an abbreviation: …

Read the text below and answer the question: Ruby is a clever girl, but she has trouble building relationships with other people. Sometimes she hurts others’ feelings and doesn’t understand why they are getting offended. Last month her friend’s (Thomas) uncle died and Ruby didn’t support Thomas and told him he hadn’t even loved his uncle and always talked nasty about him. They quarreled and Ruby didn’t understand why, after all she just had stated facts. Question: What is Ruby’s key obstacle to making new friends and maintaining relationships with existing ones?

• Ruby has undeveloped emotional intelligence
• Ruby’s IQ is too high for other people
• Ruby is just a very rational straight-forward person

The activity or job of being in charge of a company, organization, department, or team of employees is …

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You are going to meet Japanese businesspersons. Your CEO asks you to study Japanese business culture and to pay attention to nodding and gestures, postures and facial expressions, eye contact and body language. What type of communication should you pay attention to? (write one word)

The next exam question says that this theory consists of many approaches to organizational analysis. “Organizations” are defined as social units of people that are structured and managed to meet a need, or to pursue collective goals. The theory includes rational system perspective, division of labor, bureaucratic theory, and contingency theory. Name it
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A famous sportsman complains to his colleague: “I am up to my ears with all this stuff – I must fulfill all my projects, think about interviews, organize meetings and events, I have no time to train and to live!” His friend answers him: “Why don’t you hire a … manager!”. What manager is he talking about?

The selection of a banquet hall is important, but does not play such a big role as at a buffet or banquet …

Read the question below and select one correct answer: Question: Why do people react differently in similar situations?

• Every human being is unique, but this uniqueness originates from the combination of 5 personality traits we all share.
• The reason behind this is the context of the situation – we all perceive situations differently and this is the key factor behind different behavior.
• It is our genes that predominantly determine our behaviour and our personality, i.e. the way we react to different stimuli.

Most restaurants obtain price … from one or more sellers (also called vendors).

According to the concept of 4 Ps, goods and services can be named …

Imagination is (typically) a … act.

The banqueting services bring large … to hotels and restaurants all year round.

... value is value of an asset calculated according to its ability to produce income in the future:

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Cultural
Economic
Managerial
Selected

Buying large quantities of food and beverages can be very … for the catering department.

According to the concept of 4 Ps, getting the product to a point at which the customer can purchase is a ...
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A … is a formal dinner for a large group of people.

Guests with babies are usually provided with

The manager informs the … about the specifics of organizing and holding a specific banquet.

.... social responsibilities go beyond simply operating as ethically as possible and involve actively bettering society. This type of corporate social responsibility is frequently associated with donating money to charities, with many businesses supporting particular charities that are relevant to their business in some way.

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The continental breakfast is ___ at the restaurant each morning from 7 a.m. till 10 a.m

...responsibility refers to a company's commitment to operate their business in an ethical manner that upholds human rights principles, such as fair treatment of all stakeholders, fair trade practices and equal pay.

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A lecturer demonstrates to his students some principles of Economics. He pays attention to the science, which tries to find answers to the following question: What causes unemployment? What causes inflation? What creates or stimulates economic growth? One of the students thinks that the mentioned science examines economy-wide phenomena such as price levels, rate of economic growth, national income, gross domestic product (GDP), and so on. What branch of economics are they talking about?

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A chief to his secretary: Miss Anna, I want you to organize a special event for our staff. To do it you must hire a specialist who can oversee the design, set-up, and execution of the event that brings our people together. The specialist you'll hire must not only organize the meeting, but he has to work closely with the personnel to achieve the most from a given event. What specialist is the chief talking about?

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In contrast, … thinking describes the ability to provide a correct or well-established answer or solution to a problem.

Creative individuals are remarkable for their ability to … (Select 2 correct answers):

• adapt
• be hyperactive
• have low concentration

Banquets differ according to the … of the event.

I know the woman ___ is standing there.

If you ___ the bill now, we'll return 5 percent to your credit card.

The cutlery is …

… represents information in one brain state after another, and the further along it goes, the less the pattern resembles the original picture on the retina. It gets more and more abstract. Broadly speaking, from V1, the information takes two paths — one for visual processing and the other for spatial.
Visual perception

A friend to his friend: “You know, yesterday my teacher said me, that some companies may follow the 4Ps Strategy (or 4P Strategy). And … “Sorry, what does it mean 4Ps? I can suppose it might stand for product, price, place, and … I can’t imagine what the fourth point is!” Help him to find the fourth …

Banquet waiters’ … are not paid by individual diners but are included as part of the fee.

Still another form of foodservice is so called … .

In smaller communities, the buyer may have to purchase from … merchants.

Foodservice for special events or under special circumstances is called … .

Large establishments may employ one or two … agents.

The activity of making money by producing or buying and selling goods, or providing services is …
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Large restaurants ordinary have walk-in … .

The founding father theory of Bureaucracy was.... He was a German sociologist. According to him, Bureaucracy was an administration, which was carried out by trained professionals along with rules fixed by the government.

... interaction is the process of reciprocal influence exercised by individuals over one another during social encounters. Usually it refers to face-to-face encounters in which people are physically present with one another for a specified duration.

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An assistant waiter who clears away dirty plates and cutlery, offers bread and water to guests

Foodservice can be provided by an outside organization for a fixed fee or a percentage of the … .

Even this early in the … system, retinal neurons are processing some of the information, turning it into something useful for the later neurons.

Choose three right antithetical traits often present in creative people (Select 3 correct answers):

• Wisdom and childishness
• Bisexuality
• Concentration
• Hyperactivity
• Imagination
• Total arrogance

Management as a … process of planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling is an important part of the economy.

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conflict
systematic
leading
controlling

The … of guests at the table is determined by the protocol.

In large cities, there are … merchants who specialize in supplying restaurants.

The function of hospitality industry is to provide tourists with:

The storeroom should be cool to retard … .

The largest and most important is … foods: these include meat, poultry, fish, fresh vegetables, etc.

Meat dishes are …

The increase in the complexity of relationships in modern society demands that … become elite of brain and education.

• president
• society
• managers
• staff

An inventory is also one of the methods for preventing … from the restaurant’s supplies.

Before the banquet has started the manager makes … purchases of the products for the banquet.

The events may … from weddings to birthday parties.

When the meal is a hot one, it is sometimes delivered to the airline frozen or chilled and may then be heated in ... in the …

Managers focus their … and efforts on bringing about successful action.

• effort
• attention
• skills
• money

The simplest kind of catering involves preparation of a … food.

Many travelers want luxury, they want to feel ___

The appetizers are served …

___ I have your phone number?

«Ice cream _______every day».

... is the ability to convey or share ideas and feelings effectively. Several experts agree that communication skills include conveying messages without misinterpretation or misleading others.

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Grant
Communication
Marketplace
Internet

Money that is earned in trade or business after paying the costs of producing and selling goods and services is called …

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The fact that restaurants is buying in … ordinary gives it a price advantage over the individual family purchaser.

According to the concept of 4 Ps, communication is a part of...

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.... communication is the transmission of messages or signals through a nonverbal platform such as eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, posture, use of objects and body language.
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The chambermaids __ usually look after guests' children.

You are late for the lesson and missed the title of the current topic. The lecture says: “This theory posits that the struggle between social classes - specifically between the bourgeoisie, or capitalists, and the proletariat, or workers - defines economic relations in a capitalist economy and will lead inevitably to a communist revolution.” What is the topic of the lesson? Name the theory

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The study of the way in which money and goods are produced and used is called ….

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… ability is the least familiar of four basic resources.

Тип ответа: Одиночный выбор • с выбором одного правильного ответа из нескольких предложенных вариантов

Society
Entrepreneurial
Level
Money

If someone asks you what you ate for lunch today, more than likely you could recall this information quite easily. This is known as …, or the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words.

… memory is a type of implicit memory: it stores information about how to do things.

The nomothetic approach typically uses scientific methods such as … and observations to obtain quantitative data. Group averages are statistically analyzed to create predictions about people in general.

Parental and … conflicts have been tied to the development of asthma.

Fergus Craik and Endel Tulving conducted a series of experiments to find out which of the three types of encoding would give the best memory of … information.

People with high emotional intelligence typically have well-developed …

You see these muscle movements—in the lips, around the eyes, and in the brow—when people are feeling aggressive, threatened, or frustrated. Researchers think we make this expression when we’re … because it could protect the face in a physical conflict—for example, the furrowed eyebrows could protect the eyes

The main function of the food and beverage service is to provide ___ for the restaurant or room service.

A … manager is a professional responsible for procuring sales of tourist packages and arranging tour packages for clients.

I would like ___ an order.

Another category, which can be bought in bulk, consists of … foods.

… managers are responsible for a wide range of organizational duties. Whether running a professional sports team, a collegiate club team, or anything in between, sports managers serve as the glue that ties the athletes to the organization itself.
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Developed in 1979 by Archie Carroll, the ...of corporate social responsibility is a four-tier
guide to self-regulation as it relates to the morals and ethics of business.

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