Hutton - Fundamentals of Finite Element Analysis, страница 91

See Time-dependentheat transferTranslation, 297Transpose, 447–448Trial functions, 131, 138, 140Triangular axisymmetric element, 203Triangular elementsarea coordinates, 179–181constant strain triangle (CST), 179integration in areacoordinates, 182–183interpolation functions, 176–183six-node triangular element, 181–182Truss element, 19Truss structures, 51–90boundary conditions, constraintforces, 67–68comprehensive example, 72–78defined, 51direct assembly of global stiffnessmatrix, 61–67direction cosines, 61element strain and stress, 68–72element transformation, 58–61nodal equilibrium equations, 53–583-D trusses, 79–83Twenty-node tetrahedral element, 188Two degree-of-freedom system, 395Hutton: Fundamentals ofFinite Element Analysis494Back MatterIndex© The McGraw−HillCompanies, 2004IndexTwo-dimensional beam (flexureelement), 94–98Two-dimensional conduction withconvection, 235–261boundary conditions, 240–253conductance matrix, 240–242element resultants, 254–259finite element formulation, 236–240internal heat generation, 259–261reaction equations, 241, 254symmetry conditions, 253–254Two-dimensional quadrilateralelement, 195Two-point recurrence relation, 280UUnconditionally stable, 434Underdamped, 426, 427Unit impulse, 260Upper triangular form, 466Upper triangular matrix, 467Xxy plane flexure stiffness matrix, 121xz plane bending stiffness matrix, 121YVVariational principles, 417Velocity potential function, 304–314Viscosity, 293–295Viscous flow with inertia, 321–323Volume coordinates, 188–189Von Mises stress, 370WWater, 294Wave front solution, 470Work equivalence (distributedloads), 106–114Young’s modulus, 458ZZero matrix, 448Zones, 468.