Антиплагиат (Разработка мероприятий по снижению числа отказов тяговых двигателей электровозов 2(3)ЭС5К), страница 4

In sodoing, section 1 corresponds to sections A1-1, A2-3 of the winding Traction Transformer T5, section IISections 1-2, 3-4, section III-sections A2-1, 4-X [1].Рисунок 2.1 – Упрощенная силовая схема тягового привода.The VLP Thyristor is opened with the help of control impulses produced by the A55 control unit.In the first regulatory area, traction motors are fed from the rectifier bridges, which are 3-6, connected tothe conclusions of section II winding the transformer.Thyristor shoulders 3, 5 are opened with impulses with a constant phase б0, corresponding to the minimumopening corner, and thyristor shoulders 4, 6 impulses with a controlled phase бp. If thyristor shoulders 4, 5,are taken to one of the periods load, then the next at at the opening of the thyristor shoulder, 3 at the timeof Б0, is switched from the thyristor shoulder 5 to the thyristor shoulder 3, and the power of thestraightened current chain is discharged on the zero contour: thyristor shoulders 4, 3, Humphrey Reactor,tractor engine, with the opening of the бp, thyristor shoulder 6, the current is switched from the thyristorshoulder 4 to the thyristor shoulder 6, and then the load current passes through thyristor shoulders 3 6.In a subsequent at, at the opening of the б0 of Thyristor, the shoulder is closed by thyristor of shoulder 3and a zero energy loop on the circuit is raised: thyristor shoulders 6, 5, Humphrey reactor in this way, zerovalves are alternating between the different periods voltages of the network, which makes it possible not toenhance the current shoulders of the VLP working in the first control zone.The greater the half passing through the thyristor, the higher the average of the straightened voltage on thetraction engines.In order to implement the outlined work regimes, the VLP in the first zone needs to thyristor shoulder 5 inthe same at voltage of the network to provide a management impulse, controlled by a phase from р to б0and impulses of management with phase б0.This is because the thyristor shoulders 3 and 5, which are given the impulses of the office at the beginningof half (б0), are not kept open until the impulses of the бp phase, on thyristor shoulders 4, 5.

Therefore,additional impulses for thyristor shoulder 5 will be created through thyristor shoulders 4, 5, to allow forelectromagnetic energy in the reactor. In the future, thyristor shoulders 5, receiving the impulses of theoffice with phase Б0 will be held in an open state by the power of the reactor, and impulses with the бpphase of thyristor shoulder 5 may be lifted [1].In the second zone, a smooth change in the opening phase of thyristor shoulders 1 and 2 is controlled bythe straightened stress from 1/4unom to 1/2unom.The flow of current half will occur in the following way at the beginning of the half current will be fromsection II winding the transformer through the thyristor shoulder 3, the chain of traction engines, shoulder6.

At the time of the opening of the thyristor shoulder 1, the current is switched from the thyristor shoulder3 to the thyristor shoulder 1, from that moment the traction propulsion is fed from sections I, ii winding thetransformer.Similarly, the current will take place in the second at, but thyristor shoulders 2, 4 and 5 will be involved.To further increase the straightened voltage, with fully open thyristor shoulders 1 and 2, the load shall betransferred from section I, ii to section III of the transformer winding.The translation is carried out without loss of traction and currents and occurs in the following manner:The load from thyristor shoulders 1, 2, 5, 6 is translated into the thyristor shoulders 5, 6, 7, 8, withoutchanging the current anchor.

This is achieved by supplying a block of sync management hardware at a pointin time if sync arrives at fully open thyristor shoulders 1, 6. In the meantime, logical operations must beperformed to prevent the impulse of the control in the next at to thyristor Shoulders 2 and 5 and to permitthe opening of Thyristor 6, 7. Then, under the EMF of all secondary coils of the transformer, the current isswitched from the thyristor of shoulder 1 to the thyristor shoulder 7.

The load current is through the chainthyristor shoulders 6, 7 section III of the transformer. Thyristor shoulders 6 When this transition is loadedduring the period. This happens once, and further thyristor shoulders 6, 7 alternates from 5, 8, under theshock of half the period. If sync is received at the opening of thyristor shoulders 2, 5, then the thyristorshoulder 5 remains in an open state for another at, since the thyristors of shoulders 5 and 8 must be open.Further stress is provided by providing impulses for the opening of thyristor shoulders 5, 8 and 6, 7, with aб0 angle and a smooth change in the opening of the thyristor shoulders 3 and 4 from the maximum value tothe б0.However, the flattened voltage will flow smoothly from 1/2unom to 3/4unom.The current thyristor of the specified shoulders during the half will flow in the following way: If the currentis leaking at the beginning of half through thyristor shoulders 5, 8 (or 6, 7), from the moment of theimpulse to the opening of thyristor shoulder 3 (or 4), the current is switched from the thyristor shoulder 5(or 6) to the shoulder thyristor 3 (or 4) [1].In the fourth regulatory area, thyristor shoulders 1 and 2 are added to the working thyristor of shoulders 3,8 and 4, with the opening angle of бp.

Thus, section I is added to sections III, II of the transformerwinding.At the opening of the thyristor shoulders 1 and 2 at the opening of the б0, the flattened voltage will be themost important.To reduce the stress, the reverse transition sequence.Above, the simplified algorithm of the thyristor Converter for traction mode was considered. This algorithmallows you to consider the basic principle of straightened voltage control.Now let's look at some of the features of the converter with parallel bridge connections. For example, in thethird area, in the traction mode, thyristor shoulders 5, 8 and 6, 7 are opened at the beginning by the halfcontrol pulse with phase б0, with thyristor shoulders 3 and 4 with an impulse with phase бp.

If one of theperiods currents is on the contour: Shoulder 8, sections III and II, shoulder 3, traction engines, at thebeginning of the next half, the control pulses with phase б0 are submitted to the thyristor of shoulders 6, 7.The two contour of the current switch is formed:-1 Shoulders 3, 7-sections II, II;-2 Shoulders 6, 8-section III.The first switch begins in the contour, where the stress is higher, that is, in contour 1.

During this switch,thyristor shoulders 7 are opened and Thyristor shoulder 3 is closed. When the current switch is complete incontour 1 (switch angle г0), the switch is started in Contour 2 (switch angle of г ' 0), which opens thethyristor shoulders 6 [1].Since the switching of the current is occurring sequentially in a high-voltage and less-stressed contour, thepotential conditions for switching to the lower-voltage shoulders of the contours may be created later by theimpulse control imposed on them with the б0 phase.In this case, the voltage switch in the contours may not start at all, or all the thyristors of the shoulder willload, causing a disruption of the parallel work of the thyristor.To eliminate these modes, you can automatically monitor the end of the current switch in the high-voltagecontour. And the control pulse on the thyristor of the small contour is given at a time when the voltage ofthe transformer winding up and the potential conditions for starting to switch on a smaller contour (phaseб03 in Figure 2.2).The shape of the "VLP" stress in traction mode is shown in Figure 2.2.Рисунок 2.2 – Форма напряжения ВИП при регулировании в режиме тягиAt the end of the second, third and fourth regulatory zones, when the control impulses are thyristor atthe opening of the Αp, when the thyristor is switched from the opening of the α0, a regime may arise inviolation of the parallel work of the thyristor, i.e.

when a part of the thyristor shoulders is closed. This ispossible when the control impulses are removed before the switching is complete, when the current throughthe individual thyristor may be less than the retention current due to a sharp reduction in the voltage of thewinding transformer and hence the anode stress of the thyristor on switching. In order to exclude suchregimes, there is an automatic limitation of the phase of impulse-αp.2.2 Цепи тяговых двигателей в режиме рекуперативного торможенияTraction engines in regenerative braking mode work as DC generators with independent excitation [1].Regenerative braking is carried out by inverting the constant current of the traction engines that areworking with the generators in the industrial frequency alternation current.All switches in the power chain in the transition from traction mode to regenerative braking mode and viceversa are performed by switches of qt1 blocks of A11, A12.

When switching to regenerative braking mode,the anchor of each traction engine is switched off from its winding, and connects to the VLP in sequencewith the diodes of the U1 panel and the R10 resistor unitThe R10 resistor block is designed to provide greater electrical stability to the regenerative braking and toimprove the flow distribution between parallel traction-powered anchor engines.The U11 diode panel is designed to prevent the appearance of contour currents when switching toregenerative braking mode at high speeds.The A6 voltage relay panel is provided to protect resistors from current overloads. When the voltage controlrelay is fired KV01, the kv02 panel of A6 is dealt with by the electrical braking scheme.When the voltage control relay is fired, the kv01 of the traction shields from the circular fire of the A27blocks A11, A12 is switched off contactor C1, Obestochivaja winding of traction engines.Winding of the traction transformer with the pins of the A3-X and the rectifiering installation of U3 form adouble-wave detection straightening scheme with an average zero point for the power of winding excitationof traction engines.

The stress of idling between the conclusions of A3-X is 172v.The brake switches of the QT1 blocks of A11, A12 the winding of the traction engines of each compartmentare connected sequentially.Resistors R1, R2 (pins p0, RA) of the A11 blocks, A12 remain connected parallel to the excitation winding,as in traction mode.The collection of power schemes of the winding excitation ends with the inclusion of contactor C1.The excitation current is measured by the ammeter ra2ed excitation set in the body of the Head (tail)section.Current feedback with the regulation system is provided by the kzt15.1 sensor.From the overload of the chain, the excitation is protected by the Ka8 relay, from the short circuit in theVoomvoom's shoulder, with the Ka7 relay. When the Ka7 relay is fired, contactor C1 is switched off, themain switch of the QF1 is switched off when the Ka8 relay is fired.The closure of the excitation circuits is controlled by the "Earth" relay this, which, when included in anysection on the A23 alarm block, is lit by the voomvoom indicator.In order to reduce the level of interference and switching voltages, the A3-X of the traction transformer isconnected to the section body through 15 capacitors, C12.3 Регулирование тормозной силы в режиме рекуперативноготорможенияWhen the electric locomotive is operating in a regenerative braking mode in the high speed area, the brakeforce is controlled by a smooth change in the current arousal of traction engines, and in the middle andsmall speeds by a smooth change in the inverter-mode VLP voltages [1].The change in the current arousal is effected by the change in coal of the open thyristor Vyprjamitel'noj ofthe U3.The thyristors are opened with control impulses produced by the A55 control unit and the impulses of theVYPRJAMITEL'NOJ installation on the control electrodes of thyristor.The braking force in the fourth zone shall be governed by a smooth change of the current excitation which,as the speed of the locomotive decreases, must be increased to maintain the specified braking force.