Основы светотехники на английском языке, страница 10

= f (E) dependent on the illuminance E. A lux meter and a power meter are required to conduct the experiment. Use the mains switch forswitching on/off the unit. Please do not use a multimeter for measurements on the secondary side of theelectronic transformer because of the too high frequencies!Experiment:•Set up the circuit as shown in figure 3.4.1. Use the electronic transformer.distribution fieldNLL1CONTROLNH3Q1Figure 3.4.1 Experiments setup•Set the power values in steps of 2 W with the dimmer. The first power value should be the minimumand the last value the maximum. Measure the respective illuminance E at a distance vertical to thelamp of 0.5 m.

Enter all the values in table 3.4 and draw the power characteristic in the diagram givenin figure 3.4.2.Pel. / WE / lxTable 3.4Pel. / W20181614121086420015003000450060007500900010500 12000 13500 15000Figure 3.4.2 Power characteristic of a low-voltage halogen lampE / lx58Experiments with the HALOGEN BOARDDimming the Low-voltage Halogen Lamp with Increased Efficiency3.5Dimming the Low-voltage Halogen Lamp with IncreasedEfficiencyTask:Dim the low-voltage halogen lamp with increased efficiency and record the power characteristic Pel. = f (E)dependent on the illuminance E.

A lux meter and a power meter are required to conduct the experiment.Use the mains switch for switching on/off the unit. Please do not use a multimeter for measurements onthe secondary side of the electronic transformer because of the too high frequencies!Experiment:•Set up the circuit as shown in figure 3.5.1.

Use the electronic transformer.distribution fieldNLL1CONTROLNH1Q1Figure 3.5.1 Experiments setup•Set the power values in steps of 2 W with the dimmer. The first power value should be the minimumand the last value the maximum. Measure the respective illuminance E at a distance vertical to thelamp of 0.5 m. Enter all the values in table 3.5 and draw the power characteristic in the diagram givenin figure 3.5.2.Pel. / WE / lxTable 3.5Pel. / W201816141210864200300060009000 12000 15000 18000 21000 24000 27000 30000 33000 36000Figure 3.5.2 Power characteristic of a low-voltage halogen lamp withincreased efficiencyE / lxExperiments with the HALOGEN BOARDInfluence of Cable Cross Section and Cable Length3.659Influence of Cable Cross Section and Cable LengthTask:Determine the electrical characteristics voltage, current, power and illuminance of a low-voltage halogenlamp at different cable cross sections and cable lengths.

A lux meter and possibly a power meter are required to conduct the experiment. Use the mains switch for switching on/off the unit.Experiment:•2First set up the circuit as shown in figure 3.6 – a). Use safety leads (4 mm , length: 0.25 m) to set upthe circuit.distribution fielda)N0.25 mL1L4 mm 2N0.25 mH2H3H2H3H2H3H2H3H2H3Q1distribution fieldNb)15 mL1L0.75 mm2N15 mQ1distribution fieldNc)15 mL1L0.75 mm 2N15 mQ1distribution fieldNd)15 mL1L4 mm 2N15 mQ1distribution fielde)N15 mL1L4 mm 2N15 mQ1Figure 3.6 Experiments setups a) to e60Experiments with the HALOGEN BOARDInfluence of Cable Cross Section and Cable Length•Then measure the voltage U, the current I, the power Pel. and the illuminance E according to table 3.6.The illuminance must be measured at a distance of 0.5 m in the centre and vertically above thelamps.•Enter all the values in the table.•Repeat the experiment with the other experiments setups b), c), d) and e).SetupU/VI/APel.

/ WE / lxa)b)c)d)e)Table 3.6Evaluation:Question 1: What effect does the cable cross section have when you compare the measured values ofcircuits c) and e)?Answer:Question 2: What do you learn for practice from this experiment?Answer:Experiments with the HALOGEN BOARDInfluence of a Wound Cable on the Brightness3.761Influence of a Wound Cable on the BrightnessTask:Examine the influence of a wound cable on the brightness of low-voltage halogen lamps. A lux meter isrequired to conduct the experiment. Use both the conventional and the electronic transformer.

Use themains switch for switching on/off the unit.Experiment:•First set up the circuit as shown in figure 3.7.1.distribution fieldN15 m, 4mm2LL1H2NQ1Figure 3.7.1 Experiments setup with electronic transformer•Measure the illuminance E at a distance of 0.5 m in the centre and vertically above the lamps.E electr . = lx•Then set up the circuit as shown in figure 3.7.2 and repeat the experiment.E conv . = lxdistribution fieldN15 m, 4mmL1LNQ1Figure 3.7.2 Experiments setup with conventional transformerH2262Experiments with the HALOGEN BOARDInfluence of a Wound Cable on the BrightnessEvaluation:Question 1: What do you find out when you compare the brightness of the low-voltage halogen lamp H2in operation with the electronic transformer and with the conventional transformer?Answer:Question 2: What do you learn for practice from this experiment?Answer:Experiments with the SPECIAL LAMP BOARDCharacteristic Values of a High-pressure Halogen Lamp634Experiments with the SPECIAL LAMPBOARD4.1Characteristic Values of a High-pressure Halogen Lamp4.1.1Characteristic valuesTask:Determine the characteristic values electrical power, illuminance, light current, light yield, luminous intensity and light quantity of the high-pressure halogen lamp used here.

A lux meter and a power meter arerequired to conduct the experiment. Use the mains switch for switching on/off the unit. Please note thatthe lamp requires a certain warm-up time before reaching full brightness. Do not look directly into thelamp, protect your eyes!Experiment:•Plug the high-pressure halogen lamp into the socket provided.L1N LAMP DQ1E1NFigure 4.1.1.1 Experiments setup•Set up the circuit as shown in figure 4.1.1.1.•Measure the consumed electrical power Pel. of the lamp with a power meter.Pel . = W•E=•EVMeasure the illuminance E of the high-pressure halogen lamp with alux meter. The illuminance is made up of five different measured values as shown in figure 4.1.1.2. The measuring distance from thelamp is in each case r = 0.5 m.EV + E H 1 + E H 2 + E H 3 + E H 4= lx5EH2EH1EH3EH4Then calculate the light current Φ of the lamp from the illuminance.The illuminated area is assumed here as 5/6 of the circumference ofa sphere.ΦŸΦ = E⋅AwithA = 56 ⋅ 4 ⋅ π ⋅ r 2AΦ = E ⋅ A = lmE=Figure 4.1.1.2 Measuring of theilluminance E64•Experiments with the SPECIAL LAMP BOARDCharacteristic Values of a High-pressure Halogen LampThen calculate the luminous efficiency η of the high-pressure halogen lamp from the light current.η=•Pel .= lmWDetermine the luminous intensity Ι of the lamp at a solid angle of Ω = 10.47 sr (5/6 sphere).I=•ΦΦ= cdΩCalculate the light quantity Q for a life of t = approx.

6000 h.Q = Φ ⋅ t = Mlmh•Enter all the values in table 4.1.1.Pel. / WTable 4.1.1E / lxA/m2Φ / lmη/mxW-1Ι / cdQ / MlmhExperiments with the SPECIAL LAMP BOARDCharacteristic Values of a High-pressure Halogen Lamp654.1.2 Illuminance dependent on the warm-up timeTask:Record the characteristic E = f (t) of illuminance dependent on the warm-up time t.

A lux meter and aclock (or preferably a stop watch) are required to conduct the experiment. Use the mains switch forswitching on/off the unit. Please note that the lamp needs a certain warm-up time before reaching fullbrightness. Do not look directly into the lamp, protect your eyes!Experiment:•Plug the high-pressure halogen lamp into the socketprovided.•Set up the circuit as shown infigure 4.1.2.1.•Measure the illuminance at adistance of 0.5 m horizontallyto the lamp every 30 seconds.••Enter the values in the table4.1.2.L1N LAMP DQ1E1NFigure 4.1.2.1 Experiments setupDraw the characteristic in thediagram in figure 4.1.2.2 using the values from the table.0t / min0.511.5232.53.544.55 … 10E / lxTable 4.1.2t / min20001800160014001200E / lx 10008006004002000012345Figure 4.1.2.2 Illuminance of a high-pressure halogen lamp67891066Experiments with the SPECIAL LAMP BOARDCharacteristic Values of a High-pressure Halogen LampEvaluation:Question 1: What can be said about the characteristic curve of the illuminance?Answer:Question 2: What can be said about the colour behaviour of a high-pressure halogen lamp?Answer:Experiments with the SPECIAL LAMP BOARDCharacteristic Values of a High-pressure Halogen Lamp674.1.3 Power ratiosTask:Determine the characteristic values current, voltage, active power, power factor and illuminance of thehigh-pressure halogen lamp used here.

A lux meter and a power meter or cos-ϕ meter are required toconduct the experiment. Both the power and the power factor (phase angle) can be measured with theUniversal Power Meter (Type 1091). Measure the characteristic values on the primary and secondaryside. If only a power meter or a cos-ϕ meter is available, one variable must be calculated from the other.Use the mains switch for switching on/off the unit.