Reading Essentials for Biology Glencoe, страница 104

The user sees,hears, feels, tastes, or smells things that are not actually there.This disorientation can impair the user’s judgment and placehim or her in a potentially dangerous situation. Hallucinogensincrease heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and bodytemperature. They sometimes cause sweating, salivation, nausea,and vomiting.

After large enough doses, convulsions may occur.LSD, also called acid, is a synthetic drug. The mechanism bywhich LSD produces hallucinations is not certain, but it mayinvolve the blocking of a CNS neurotransmitter.What are anabolic steroids?Anabolic steroids are synthetic drugs that are similar to thehormone testosterone. Like testosterone, anabolic steroids stimulate muscles to increase in size. Physicians use anabolic steroids totreat hormone imbalances or diseases that result in a loss of muscle mass.

Abuse of anabolic steroids is associated with infertility inmen, high cholesterol, and extreme mood swings.Breaking the Habit7. What class of drugs hasbeen associated withinfertility in men, highcholesterol, and extrememood swings?________________________________________________________________________Once a person has become addicted to a drug, breaking thehabit can be very difficult. Remember that an addiction caninvolve both physiological and psychological dependencies.Besides the desire to break the addiction, people usually needREADING ESSENTIALSChapter 36459NameDateClassSection36.3The Effects of Drugs, continuedboth medical and psychological therapy to be successful in theirtreatment.

Support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymousencourage addicts to share their experiences in an effort to maintain sobriety. Often people going through the same recovery areable to offer the best support.What is nicotine replacement therapy?Nicotine replacement therapy is one example of a relativelysuccessful drug treatment approach. People who are trying tobreak their addiction to tobacco often go through stressful withdrawal symptoms when they stop smoking cigarettes. To ease theintensity of the withdrawal symptoms, patients wear adhesivepatches that slowly release small amounts of nicotine into theirbloodstream. Alternatively, pieces of nicotine-containing gum arechewed periodically to temporarily relieve cravings.◗ After You Readaddiction: psychological and/or physiologicaldrug dependencenarcotic: type of pain relief drug that affects thecentral nervous systemdepressant: type of drug that lowers ordepresses the activity of the nervous systemstimulant: drug that increases the activity of thecentral and sympathetic nervous systemsdrug: chemical substance that affects bodyfunctionstolerance: the body becomes less responsive to adrug and an individual needs larger or morefrequent doses of the drug to achieve thesame effecthallucinogen (huh LEW sun uh jun): drug thatstimulates the central nervous system sothat the user becomes disoriented and sees,hears, feels, tastes, or smells things that arenot therewithdrawal: psychological response or physiological illness that occurs when a personstops taking a drug1.

Read the terms and their definitions in the Mini Glossary above. Then write a paragraphusing at least four of the words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________460Chapter 36READING ESSENTIALSCopyright © by Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.Mini GlossaryNameDateClassSection36.3The Effects of Drugs, continued2.

Fill in the chart below by supplying at least one fact in each box.Copyright © by Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.Caffeine and NicotineSources ofSources ofEffects on the BodyEffects on the BodyVisit the Glencoe Science Web site at science.glencoe.com to findyour biology book and learn more about the effects of drugs.READING ESSENTIALSChapter 36461NameDateClassSection37.1 The Respiratory System◗ Before You ReadBreathing happens automatically.

We do not think about every breath we take. Look at the clock andsee how many breaths you take in a minute. Write that number on the lines below. Then write onesentence describing a time that you did think about your breathing, such as after stopping to catchyour breath after running.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________◗ Read to LearnIdentify MainIdeas As you read this section, stop after every fewparagraphs and put what youhave just read in your ownwords.

Highlight the mainidea in each paragraph.462Chapter 37Your respiratory system is made of a pair of lungs and a seriesof passageways. The passageways include the nasal passages, thethroat, the windpipe, and the bronchi. You probably think ofbreathing when you hear the term respiratory system. Breathingis just one of the functions that the respiratory system carries out.Gas exchange, or respiration, is another important function performed by the respiratory system.

Respiration includes all<b>Текст обрезан, так как является слишком большим</b>.