Booklet-ФФ-2005-EN

M. V. LOMONOSOV MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITYFA C U LT Y O F P H Y S I C SCONTENTSA GLIMPSE BACK INTO THE HISTORY4•DIVISION OF ASTRONOMY37FACULTY OF PHYSICS TODAY7•DIVISION OF COMPLIMENTARY EDUCATION39FACULTY’S TUITION STRUCTURE10SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AT THE FACULTY OFPHYSICS14•DIVISION OF EXPERIMENTALAND THEORETICAL PHYSICS16•DIVISION OF SOLID STATE PHYSICS21•DIVISION OF RADIOPHYSICS AND ELECTRONICS25•DIVISION OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS28•DIVISION OF GEOPHYSICS34INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION40TRADITIONS OF STUDENTS' LIFE42FACULTY OF PHYSICSAND MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY45USEFUL INFORMATION46MAP OF THE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS46CONTACTS48Graduates of Moscow State Universityalways served Russia hand and foot. Theyalways were not only its pride, but also helped tofurther the development of the University.

Suchworld-known names as A. S. Pushkin,M. Yu. Lermontov, A. P. Chekhov, A. N. Ostrovsky,and I. A. Goncharov were related to Moscow State.Philosophers, mathematicians, physicists,and other representatives of natural sciences andhumanities have been established at Moscow Stateworld-famous scientific Schools.If there were no Moscow University established, our country would be different from nowadays Russia. On the contrary, the University wouldnot be the nowadays Moscow State Universitywithout Russia.Professor VICTOR A.

SADOVNICHYRector, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University,Academician, Russian Academy of SciencesThis booklet introduces the largest in Russiaeducational and scientific center in the fieldof Physics and its applications — Faculty of Physicsat M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University.Physics was among those few subjects that weredelivered at Moscow State University for the firsttime in Russia since it was founded in 1755.Since that time, over two and a half centuries, many generations of the faculty's staff havebeen involved into both teaching and conductingscientific research in Physics and we are proud tooffer to the nowadays students of Physics not onlybest traditions of the university Physics in Russia,but also an up-to-date level of research.Nowadays, the Faculty of Physics coordinatesteaching of Physics within all Russian universities.In the curriculum, we combine togetherclassical and modern training techniques, theoretical training at the lectures, seminars, and classeswith the intense practical training in thepracticums, research labs, and computer classes.Our students set high standards of academicexcellence, while the faculties work to maintain thecreative environment for their progress.The Faculty of Physics is under the permanent development: over the past decade, fivenew chairs as well as a number of new researchcenters and laboratories have been established.Only those who are able to catch the factof the matter and follow the logic of any new phenomenon will survive in today's modern world ofrapid changes and excessive information.

We workhard to teach this our students through bettercomprehension of the physical laws, with beliefthat the laws of physics are universal for all phenomena of the material world around us. Webelieve that combination of theory and practicalexperience and participation in the scientificresearch are the musts to form a creative person,what we would like each our graduate to be.Our graduates work in more than 100countries around the world. Not all of them are inScience, but also in business, social life, and politics, and we are proud that our education is ofvalue for all of them and helped them to find theirplaces in their lives.We are always open for cooperation andwill be happy to have you among our students,partners, and friends.Professor Vladimir I.

TrukhinDean, Faculty of Physics,M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityA4F A C U L T YO FP H Y S I C S•M .V .G L I M P S EL O M O N O S O VB AC KM O S C O WI N T OT H ES T A T EH I S T O R YI N I V E R S I T YAG L I M P S EB AC KI N T OT H E5H I S T O R YIn 1850, the Department of Physics andMathematics was reorganized into the respectedDivision headed by a botanist, Prof. Alexander Fishervon Waldheim, for nearly five years. Among otherheads of the Division it is worth to mention suchprominent figures as astronomer Fyodor Bredihinand anthropologist Dmitry Anuchin.

All of them werebright, intelligent, and extraordinary people who contributed a lot into the development of Moscow StateUniversity. The heads of the Division — mathematician Leonid Lahtin and biologist Mikael Novikov hadalso been Rectors of the University.The research and teaching activities of Prof.A.G.Stoletov, the chair of the Division, are the visiblemilestones in the life of Moscow State University anddeveloping Physics.

He had done a pioneering work inthe field of ferromagnetism and discovered the principles of extrinsic photoeffect, which brought him theworld popularity and appreciation. He was also thefirst to establish his scientific School, which had theworldwide importance. By the end of the XX century,his disciples had headed the chairs of Physics at fiveout of seven major Universities in Russia.A GLIMPSE BACKINTO THE HISTORYLomonosov Moscow State University (MSU) isthe most ranked and oldest University inRussia.

It was founded as the Emperor's MoscowUniversity under the decree of the empressYelizaveta Petrovna on January 25, 1755. In 1940the Moscow State University was named after thefamous Russian scientist Mikhailo Vasil'evichLomonosov, the spiritual father of the University.At its birth, the University had three faculties— Law, Medicine, and Philosophy. The latter facultyincluded a Chair of «Experimental and Pure Physics»,which also gives the birth of Physics at MoscowUniversity.

In 1770 it was reorganized into the Chairof Mathematics and Physics, from which later on, in1791, a Chair of Experimental Physics was split. Itwas headed by Prof. Petr Strakhov (17571813)who played a crucial role for developing education andresearch in Physics at Moscow University. Hebecame the first chair of the department of Physicsand Mathematics, a correspondent member of St.Petersburg Academy of Sciences, and authored thefirst textbook on Physics in Russian, «The outline ofPhysics».

In 1805, Prof. Strakhov was elected therector of Moscow State University.The glory of Moscow State University in thelate XIX century was created by the works of theoretical physicist Prof. N.A.Umov, who developed the theory of localization and energy transfer in continuousmedia and introduced the concept of the energy flux(the UmovPointing vector).In 1900, Petr Lebedevbecame the Professor at Moscow State University.He was the first to measure the light pressure on solidstate and in gases and had experimentally confirmedthe Maxwell electromagnetic theory of light.

In recognition of these his pioneering works he was nominated for the Nobel Prize, but, unfortunately, he passedaway before the prize was awarded. Prof. Lebedevestablished a worldfamous School of physicists atMoscow State University, which included more than30 scientists. Among his disciples were Professors P.P. Lazarev, S. I. Vavilov, N. N. Andreev, V.

K. Arkadyev,T. P. Kravets, A. S. Predvoditelev, and many others.In1919, Prof. V. K. Arkadyev established the MoscowMagnetic Laboratory, which became shortly a worldknown lab in which many leading magnitologists hadbegan their career.In 1926, Profs. S. I. Vavilov and V.

L.Levshin developed the theory of luminescence anddiscovered the first nonlinear optical effect.In 1928,Profs. L. I. Mandelshtam and G. S. Landsberg discovered and correctly interpreted the phenomenon ofNext to Prof. Strakhov, the Chair of Physicswas headed by Prof. Ivan A. Dvigubsky (17711839)who had broad scientific interests in the field ofChemistry, Physics, Medicine, and Biology.