43228 (Валентность глагола и структура английского предложения), страница 4

20. Herbst, T. A proposal for a valency dictionary of English. Amsterdam, 1987

21. Jespersen, O. Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles. Part II: Syntax. Volume I. Heidelberg, 1914

22. Matthews, P.H. Grammatical theory in the United States from Bloomfield to Chomsky. Cambridge, 1993

23. Allerton, D. J. Valency and Valency Grammar. Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Oxford: Pergamon, 1994

24. Теньер Л. Основы структурного синтаксиса М., 1988

25. Erben, J. Deutsche Grammatik. Ein Abriss. Munich: Hueber. 1972

26. Fourquet, J. and Grunig, B. Valenz und Struktur. Helbig, 1977

27. Helbig, G. Beitrage zur Valenztheorie. The Hague: Mouton, 1971

28. Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Novosibirsk, Siberian Academic Press, 2010.

Приложение

Приложение содержит примеры из текста романа, иллюстрирующие употребление той или иной синтаксической структуры в английском языке.

Subject + Verb (S-V) структура:

Elizabeth ran off.

I hope.

Mr. Hurst yawned.

Miss Darcy was smiling.

The dogs were barking.

I should imagine not.

I am not sleeping.

Jane curtseyed.

Mrs. Hurst appeared.

Every savage can dance.

Sir William smiled.

Mr. Darcy bowed.

Jane sighed.

I don’t understand.

Miss Bingley and Mrs. Hurst were whispering.

Subject + Verb + Object (S-V-O) структура:

Mr. Darcy took her advice.

Elizabeth repeated her question.

Darcy took up a book.

No one made any reply.

Mr. Bingley followed his advice.

This raised a general astonishment.

I hate such false friends.

Mr. Bennet made no answer.

I honor your circumspection.

The girls stared at their father.

The Lucases had several children.

Can I have the carriage?

She declared her resolution.

The latter was thinking only of his breakfast.

I shall never regret her leaving.

I could hardly keep my countenance.

Do you prefer reading to cards?

I have never seen such a woman.

I have never seen such capacity, and taste, and application, and elegance.

You quite mistook Mr. Darcy.

I do not trust my own partiality.

I see your design.

Jane repeated her question.

Wickham checked his laugh.

Elizabeth felt Jane’s pleasure.

I won’t importune my young cousin.

The next morning made an alteration.

I can recall nothing worse.

Lady quieted her fears.

Miss Bingley offered her a carriage.

I can’t defy or expose him.

Elizabeth laughed at Ms. Collins.

Jane couldn’t describe her astonishment.

Darcy closed his book.

This roused a general astonishment.

He cannot know what Mr. Darcy is.

I beg your pardon.

I am talking of possibilities.

One doesn’t know what to think.

Разновидность данной структуры Subject + Verb + Predicative

(S-V-P) структура:

Mr. Darcy looked rather sad.

Mrs. Bennet looked quite disconcerted.

What an excellent father you have!

Everybody knew Mr. Bingley as good-looking and gentlemanlike.

Mr. Darcy looked haughty, reserved and fastidious.

She looked almost wild.

Mrs. Hurst stood silent.

Структуры Subject + V + Indirect Object + Object и Subject + V + Object + Indirect Object:

Miss Bingley offered Elizabeth a glass of wine.

Mrs. Bennet gave Jane no carriage.

Mr. Bennet reminded his wife of their situation.

The servant delivered the letter for Jane.

Mr. Hurst said nothing interesting.

Elizabeth couldn’t sacrifice her happiness.

I’m sure Jane will happily settle at Netherfield.

Mrs. Lucas told Mrs. Bennet Bingley’s income.

In a few days Mr. Bingley paid a visit to Longbourn.

The girls grieved over such a number of ladies.

Bingley joined them in the parlor.

Miss Bingley told Elizabeth about the Wickhams.

Hill brought Mrs. Bennet her coat.

Do let me recommend you to Miss Elizabeth.

Elizabeth told the story among all her friends.

Jane expressed Lizzy her feelings.

Miss Lucas asked Elizabeth about her dance with Mr. Darcy.

Jane confessed her headache to Miss Bingley.

Mr. Darcy presented Elizabeth his true feelings.

Elizabeth expressed to her sister her dislike to Mr. Darcy.

I never conceal from anybody what I think.

Mr. and Miss Bingley declared Jane a sweet girl.

Mr. Darcy told Elizabeth the follies of her family members.

Jane had better express more affection to Bingley.

I can clearly perceive her regard to him.

Elizabeth was observing Mr. Bingley’s attentions to her sister.

Mr. Darcy requested the honor of her hand.

Mary passed the saltcellar to Mrs. Bennet.

Lydia told Kitty to buy the hat.

I assure you of your modesty, Miss Elizabeth.

Lydia showed her impatience to everybody.

Elizabeth declared Mr. Collins her resolution.

Kitty laid the letter on the table.

Разновидностью данной структуры является структура

Subject + V + Object + Predicative:

Elizabeth’s refusal drove Mr. Darcy mad.

Mr. Darcy’s gaze turned Elizabeth red.

Miss Bingley continued to keep Elizabeth in neglect.

They christened their child Helen.

Mr. Collins elected Elizabeth has partner for two dances.

The vicar pronounced Charlotte and Mr. Collins man and wife.

Subject + Verb + Direct Object + Complement Object структура:

Elizabeth considered herself mistaken.

Elizabeth believed Mr. Darcy proud and conceited.

Mr. and Mrs. Gardiner selected Elizabeth their companion to the Lakes.

Everyone thought Mr. Darcy rather sad at the party.

Miss Bingley elected Jane her friend.

Mrs. Bennet made Elizabeth angry.

Everyone in the neighborhood believed Mr. Darcy proud and conceited.

Jane found nobody bad.

Lady Catherine found Elizabeth ignorant and self-confident.

Jane threw her book on the table.

Subject-to be-Complement структура

Your plan is very good.

He is so excessively handsome!

His character is thereby complete.

Darcy was the superior.

They were rather handsome and educated.

You were Mr. Bingley’s first choice.

Mr. Darcy is all politeness.

Your conjecture is totally wrong.

This would be a success.

Your talent is singular.

It ought to be good.

His disposition must be dreadful.

The breakfast was over.

Jane is seriously ill.

Mrs. Bennet was delighted.

Their visitors were quite talkative.

A lady’s imagination is very rapid.