🔥 База ответов на ВСЕ тесты по Деловой иностранный язык СИНЕРГИЯ 🔥

The stage of society’s development when the service sector generates more wealth than the manufacturing sector of the economy is called … society

The “information economy” and “post-industrial society”, two concepts from that period, are still key parts of the information … concept

The development of integrated circuits and storage devices has continued at an exponential rate; each subsequent halving of component size now takes …

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “LibreOffice, Firefox, Thunderbird, Transmission, and lightweight games like Sudoku and chess (include) … by default, while GNOME Files is the default file manager”

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “The addition of support for Linux programs, which (reveal) … in 2018, was a big advance”

… computer is a type of computers that harnesses the collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement, to perform calculations

… is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or “chip”) of semiconductor material, usually silicon

According to the … Institute, by 2055 unemployment will reach around 50 % of the total labor force (give or take 20 years depending on artificial intelligence growth)

Cell phones are …, making it possible to provide everyone with communication channels

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “Huge machines capable of conducting numerical calculations (construct) … in the mid-1940s”

… are made for program logic and for computer memory

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “Around the same period Intel (create) … three microprocessor designs”

The slide rule in its basic form uses … logarithmic scales to allow fast multiplication and division of numbers

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “The transistor, which (introduce) … in the mid-1950s, made computers more reliable”

A process of spreading the use of digital technology such as computers and the internet to do something is called …

Below is a description of one of the technologies: “It is a subfield of electronics. These devices are typically made from semiconductor materials. These include transistors, capacitors, inductors, resistors, diodes and (naturally) insulators and conductors. As a result, this kind of IT has the potential to lower skill requirements in some vocations while raising them in others. It has influenced our daily lives in a variety of ways, making our routines a little more pleasant”. Which technology is described in the text?

A system of consumption and production that is based on intellectual capital is … economy

According to the … criterion highlighted by W. Martin, the main characteristics of the information society are information technology, which is widely used in production, institutions, the education system and in everyday life

One of the advantages of Russia is an advantageous geographical location between trade and information and telecommunication flows …

The total value of goods and services produced by a country in one year is … (give the abbreviation)

Data access can be difficult due to many problems. Which of the following situations describes the documentation problem?

RTOS are operating systems that are characterized by … (choose 3 correct answers)

… business is the sale of goods and services to consumers, in contrast to wholesaling, which is sale to business or institutional customers

… heterogeneity is when database schema or datasets for the same domain are developed by independent parties, resulting in differences in meaning and interpretation of data values

… is an electronic machine that can store, organize and find information, do processes with numbers and other data, and control other machines

… is a technical person who builds new software systems

… means compilers produce code that does not contain absolute addresses

A … is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element

For the past … years, the design of computer processors has remained stable

The first recognized use of the word “computer” was from 1613.What did the “computer” use to mean before this word started to refer to devices?

The OS-9 family of real-time operating systems has been in use for over 20 years, with more than 5 million installed copies. The range of OS-9 applications is wide – industrial automation, instrumental and measuring systems, military and space systems. Why has the OS-9 been so popular and widely used?

Cryptography is the study of secure communications techniques that allow only the sender and intended recipient of a message to view its contents. What does a massive use of cryptography lead to?

Artificial intelligence is becoming more standardized, making it more accessible to a subject-matter expert who isn’t necessarily a knowledge engineering expert. What standards are becoming more common accessible and useful today?

A UNIX based operating system, was originally developed in the mid-’90s. Its major offerings include scalability, interoperability, data management and security, all of which are crucial for businesses that need high-end operating software E. In addition to the above, it is also known for its web, database and Java-based services and its unlimited capacity for helping in managing file system and databases is a big plus as well. Which operating system is described:

W. Martin emphasizes the idea that … is “a key element of the information society”

Prior to the transistor’s discovery in 1947, the only way to execute amplification of a weak current in an electronic circuit was to use a vacuum tub E. What were the initial advantages transistors demonstrated over small vacuum tubes?

Vacuum tubes were discovered to have a number of flaws, for example … (choose 3 correct answers)

Transferred data might contain some important …

Martin Timmerman formulated the necessary requirements for an RTOS. Two of them are about priorities. Why the combination of priorities is necessary?

The first calculating device was …

The benefits of specialized RTOS include … (choose 2 correct answers)

RTOS are operating systems that are characterized by … (choose 3 correct answers)

The transistor’s most significant advantage over the best vacuum tubes was that it …

The term “…” refers to the social, economic, technological, and cultural changes that have occurred as a result of the rapid development and extensive use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in modern countries, particularly since World War II

The first operating system for the IBM 701 was created by …

A general-purpose computing device called the analytical engine was developed in 1837 by …

Burroughs converted to electronic desk … and in the mid to late 1970s their products dropped from the market

In 1936, Alan Turing invented a universal machine, which was later called …

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “Displays (attain) … VGA resolution by 1988, and 256-color screens were available by 1993”

… time is the time interval from the moment a physical interrupt occurs to the start of execution of the first instruction of the user task to which the interrupt is intended

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “In 1944 Howard Aiken (develop) … Mark l that could perform calculations involving large numbers”

A company deals with tasks which take a long time to completE. Each worker has their duties that can be done offlin E. It’s essential for managers to estimate how long a task will take to be complete D. The company uses a time-sharing system and all the users are able to finish their work in the system at the same tim E. However they noticed their gadgets to slow down fast. Also the workers notice the inconvenience while managing large workloads. What may be causing these problems? What decision should the company make?

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “The microchip which (be) … a key component in the development of the personal computer”

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “Years ago this service (can) … be used to run algorithms and experiments, and explore tutorials and simulations around what might be possible with quantum computing”

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “Resolutions and colors of computers (progress) … quickly by 2022”

The explosion in world population and the rise of globalised trade demanded even faster and more flexible tools for processing …

The first recognized use of the word “computer” was from …

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “The power of computers (double) … roughly every 18 months to 2 years since the 1960s”

Information … must be viewed from two perspectives: as an independent industry, with its science, engineering, and manufacturing capabilities and as a basis for transformation of almost all areas of human activity

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “What will the computers of the future (look) … like?”

It … be noted that the problem of inequality in access to new information technologies is acute not only at the international level, but also at the micro level within each individual state

The largest number of internet users currently in …

The network can serve as a means of … propaganda materials of criminal organizations, recipes for the manufacture of explosives and poisonous substances, weapons, narcotic and psychotropic drugs, and methods for breaking electronic and other ciphers

The term “information…” refers to the social, economic, technological, and cultural changes that have occurred as a result of the rapid development and extensive use of information and communication technologies

Speaking about the development of the information society in Russia, I. N. Kurnosov writes that “the strategy for the formation of the information society in the transition period to a new system of property relations … take into account the special role and responsibility of the state”

The unfair situation in society when some people have more opportunities, money, etC. than other people, is called …

“Molecular …” is a term for data storage technologies that use molecular species as the data storage element, rather than E. g. circuits, magnetics, inorganic materials or physical shapes

… integrated circuits are the name for the initial generations of commercially produced microelectronic devices (SSI)

Bell Telephone Laboratories’ John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, and William Shockley devised the bipolar transistor in …

Charge carriers from both polarities are involved in the operation of … transistors

Nanoelectronics is the most … breakthrough in technical development

The early transistors were not only larger than the smallest tubes, but they were also more
…

Bell Telephone Laboratories’ John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, and William Shockley devised the … transistor in 1948

Prior to the transistor’s discovery in 1947, the only way to execute its function in an electronic circuit was to use a … tube

The advent of ways for creating the numerous functional units on a crystal of semiconductor materials was critical to the development of …

The last decade’s technological advancements have played a … part in the formation of modern society

The transistor’s most significant advantage over the best vacuum tubes was that it consumed far …

… created the first operating system for the IBM 701

… was developed by Bell Labs and was the first significant operating system to be written almost entirely in high-level language

A user cannot send direct instructions to the hardware … various activities

Because of the expense, the system’s productivity had to be increased … cost effectiveness

The metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect …, which stands for MOSFET, is the most common in microelectronics

Microsoft Windows eventually surpassed Mac OS … the world’s most popular personal computer operating system, with over 90 % market share

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “A more systematic structure (form) … with the creation of ambitious operating systems in the mid-1960s”

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “A UNIX based operating system, Solaris (originally develop) … by Sun Microsystems in the mid-’90s”

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “There was no such thing when the first computers (develop) … following WWII”

The …, which was introduced in the mid-1950s, made computers more reliable

Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “Wireless network connectivity (also manage) … by mobile operating systems”

The Apple Macintosh, a low-cost workstation that emerged from early Alto computer concepts, was released in …

The introduction of time-sharing systems, in particular, has long been regarded as a watershed moment in the evolution of … systems

The type of operating system that is not directly linked to the computer is the … operating system

… are important because they promote inter-service interoperability, meaning exchanging and making use of information, and interoperability between various component systems within the same service

… is a person who creates the high-level design of a technical system

… is the person responsible for accomplishing all project objectives

… is an organized collection of data stored and accessed electronically

… is a difficulty that develops when a solution that works for a small data set fails to function for a much larger data set due to a combinatorial explosion, such as in comparands

Data … is the process of combining data from multiple sources into a single system or in close proximity to one another, such as on a display, so that the user may access them from a single platform

Data administrators, as well as policymakers, must keep a balance between two … aims

Engineers still have problems … with the use of standards, and quite often with their misuse and misunderstanding

Duplication of effort, cost inefficiencies, lost business opportunities, medical catastrophes, and military disasters result from data access …