Ответы: Ответы к тесту 8

Тест VIII

I. Образуйте правильную неличную форму глагола.

FAILURE BREEDING SUCCESS

Richard Arkwright is known 1) (turn) cotton industry into mass production by 2) (apply) Watt’s steam engine. Being very busy, Akrwright had difficulty 3) (keep up) with the paperwork, which resulted in his 4) (invent) a copying machine. Writing or design 5) (copy) was made on paper with special ink, with a copy 6) (last) only 24 hours.
In 1823 Cyrus Dalkin of Concord, Mass., improved on the idea by 7) (coat) one side of a sheet of paper with paraffin wax and carbon black, 8) (call) his product carbon paper. Dalkin sold it to Associated Press, who one day in 1868 were interviewing Lebeus Rogers (a biscuit maker) after his ascent in a balloon when he saw the copying machine at work. Instantly 9) (quit) biscuits and balloons, the former biscuit-maker went into carbon paper business.
In 1873 Rogers attended the demonstration of the 10) (amaze) new typewriter, where he persuaded the typist 11) (try) one of his carbon sheets.
The typewriter 12) (see) by Rogers had been manufactured by the gun maker E. Remington because his company had spare capacity as 13) (follow) the Civil War there was a catastrophic drop in the demand for guns. The Remington had been one of the most successful guns ever 14) (make), rivaled in sale volume only by the Colt. In his turn Sam Colt had to make revolvers because his mines failed him. This may have been because after his 15) (mine) a ship in 1844, he was unwilling to give his secret to the navy, so they refused to pay him the money.


II. Определите, в какой из подчеркнутых частей предложения содержится ошибка.

16. Scientists predict that disk drives will become increasingly capacious over the next

decade or two, allowing to put the equivalent of a good-sized library into the average
A B
desktop computer, 8000 megabyte having held roughly the same amount of text as six
C
inches bookshelf.

17. It is an amused fact that the refrigerators developed by Einstein in collaboration with
A B
Hungarian physicist Leo Szilard must have been no good because none was
C
commercialized.

18. Cousins have an eighth of their genes in common; thus if they both carry a recessive gene

for some devastating disorder, the chance of the offspring of such a union have a pair of
A B
such genes and so manifesting the disease is high.
C
19. The most advanced products and systems are said to be at the leading edge of
A B
technology or representing the state-of-the art.
C
20. Sophie German working under the name of M. Leblanc because of prejudice
A
against women mathematicians made the first significant breakthrough in the 19thcentury,

proving a theorem which went a long way towards having solved Fermat’s theorem.
B C
21. Software is notorious for bugs or errors causing it to malfunction or even crash; to stop
A
working all together. Eliminate errors from programs in order to prevent crashes and other
B C
problems is debugging.

22. Viruses are intentional errors introduced by people with sinister intentions or weird
A
sense of humor in order to cause computers malfunction. Viruses cause strange
B
messages to appear on the screen, or data to be lost or corrupted.
C
23. Dr S. Johnson who devoted many years to compiling a dictionary, let his own attitudes
A
to creep into his work, his definition of a “fishing road” as a “stick with a fish at one end and
B
a fool at the other” being the most notable.
C

III. Выберите правильный ответ.

Hurricanes and earthquakes are similar in that they both cause extensive damage. Both hurricanes and earthquakes can severely disrupt normal life (24)_____ the infrastructure in the area. (25)_____ cut off, the electricity, the telephones and the water service remain non-functioning, sometimes for several weeks after the event has occurred. (26)_____ its electricity, the community has no refrigeration, so (27) ____ food safe from contamination becomes a serious problem. (28)____ a continuous supply of vital electricity, hospitals are equipped with generators that can provide it in the event of a power outage. Without electricity, the traffic signals might not function, and (29)____ these signals, drivers frequently have accidents and cause traffic jams. When (30)____ so continuously, people often act rudely to each other, further (31)____ the discomfort.
To summarize, the widespread loss of electricity and other services (32) _____ a disaster such as a hurricane or an earthquake affects people very seriously, often (33)_____ chaos to the community.

24.A) by damagingB) having damagingC) damaged
25.A) beenB) having beenC) to be
26. A) by lostB) having been lostC) having lost
27.A) keepB) having keptC) keeping
28.A) to ensureB) by ensuringC) having ensured
29. A) not havingB) not having hadC) not to have
30.A) stressedB) stressingC) having stressed
31. A) spreadingB) spreadC) having spread
32.A) followedB) followingC) having followed
33.A) having broughtB) bringingC) to bring


IV. Некоторые из предложений содержат ошибку. Найдите и исправьте ее.

34. When filling with a gas lighter than air, a balloon becomes buoyant and rises.

35. In the future there will be no need to people to communicate in writing.

36. Big science is no longer something unusual but its traditional domain, physics, offers useful lessons in making the most of large-scale research.

37. Emotionally stable people seems to have about the same number of nightmares as highly anxious individuals.

38. By monitoring the massive movements in the world’s oceans, it will be possible forecasting the weather for months and years ahead.

39. Located in the cranial cavity in the skull, the brain is the largest mass of the nerve tissue in the human body.

40. Radioactivity was discovered by Henri Becquerel in February 1896, following the publishing announcement just a month earlier of the discovery of X-rays by Roentgen.